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Data storage management is a common capability of the RDBMS, and this has come to be defined by data objects that range from binary large object (blob) strings to stored procedures. Data objects like this extend the scope of basic relational database operations and can be handled in a variety of ways in different RDBMSes.\r\nThe most common means of data access for the RDBMS is via SQL. Its main language components comprise data manipulation language (DML) and data definition language (DDL) statements. Extensions are available for development efforts that pair SQL use with common programming languages, such as COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), Java and .NET.\r\nRDBMSes use complex algorithms that support multiple concurrent user access to the database, while maintaining data integrity. Security management, which enforces policy-based access, is yet another overlay service that the RDBMS provides for the basic database as it is used in enterprise settings.\r\nRDBMSes support the work of database administrators (DBAs) who must manage and monitor database activity. Utilities help automate data loading and database backup. RDBMS systems manage log files that track system performance based on selected operational parameters. This enables measurement of database usage, capacity and performance, particularly query performance. RDBMSes provide graphical interfaces that help DBAs visualize database activity.\r\nRelational database management systems are central to key applications, such as banking ledgers, travel reservation systems and online retailing. As RDBMSes have matured, they have achieved increasingly higher levels of query optimization, and they have become key parts of reporting, analytics and data warehousing applications for businesses as well. \r\nRDBMSes are intrinsic to operations of a variety of enterprise applications and are at the center of most master data management (MDM) systems.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What are the advantages of a Relational Database Management System?</span></h1>\r\nA Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a software system that provides access to a relational database. The software system is a collection of software applications that can be used to create, maintain, manage and use the database. A &quot;relational database&quot; is a database structured on the &quot;relational&quot; model. Data are stored and presented in a tabular format, organized in rows and columns with one record per row.\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Structure.</span> The table format is simple and easy for database users to understand and use. Relational database management software provide data access using a natural structure and organization of the data. Database queries can search any column for matching entries.</li></ul>\r\n<dl></dl>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Multi-User Access.</span> RDBMS database program allow multiple database users to access a database simultaneously. Built-in locking and transactions management functionality allow users to access data as it is being changed, prevents collisions between two users updating the data, and keeps users from accessing partially updated records.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Privileges. </span>Authorization and privilege control features in an RDBMS allow the database administrator to restrict access to authorized users, and grant privileges to individual users based on the types of database tasks they need to perform. Authorization can be defined based on the remote client IP address in combination with user authorization, restricting access to specific external computer systems.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Network Access.</span> RDBMSs provide access to the database through a server daemon, a specialized software program that listens for requests on a network, and allows database clients to connect to and use the database. Users do not need to be able to log in to the physical computer system to use the database, providing convenience for the users and a layer of security for the database. Network access allows developers to build desktop tools and Web applications to interact with databases.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Speed.</span> The relational database model is not the fastest data structure. RDBMS software advantages, such as simplicity, make the slower speed a fair trade-off. Optimizations built into an RDBMS, and the design of the databases, enhance performance, allowing RDBMSs to perform more than fast enough for most applications and data sets. Improvements in technology, increasing processor speeds and decreasing memory and storage costs allow systems administrators to build incredibly fast systems that can overcome any database performance shortcomings.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Maintenance. </span>RDBMSs feature maintenance utilities that provide database administrators with tools to easily maintain, test, repair and back up the databases housed in the system. Many of the functions can be automated using built-in automation in the RDBMS, or automation tools available on the operating system.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Language.</span> RDBMSs support a generic language called &quot;Structured Query Language&quot; (SQL). The SQL syntax is simple, and the language uses standard English language keywords and phrasing, making it fairly intuitive and easy to learn. Many RDBMSs add non-SQL, database-specific keywords, functions and features to the SQL language.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Relational_Database_Management_Systems.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[{"id":634,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Microsoft_SQL_Server.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Microsoft SQL Server","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"2.00","implementationsCount":4,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":272,"alias":"microsoft-sql-server","companyTitle":"Microsoft","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":163,"companyAlias":"microsoft","description":"As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications—which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet).\r\nMicrosoft markets at least a dozen different editions of Microsoft SQL Server, aimed at different audiences and for workloads ranging from small single-machine applications to large Internet-facing applications with many concurrent users.","shortDescription":"Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management system developed by Microsoft.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":3,"sellingCount":4,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Microsoft SQL Server","keywords":"Microsoft, computer, applications, different, with, Server, software, editions","description":"As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications—which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet).\r\nMic","og:title":"Microsoft SQL Server","og:description":"As a database server, it is a software product with the primary function of storing and retrieving data as requested by other software applications—which may run either on the same computer or on another computer across a network (including the Internet).\r\nMic","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Microsoft_SQL_Server.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":635,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":239,"title":"Relational Database Management Systems","alias":"relational-database-management-systems","description":" Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a DBMS designed specifically for relational databases. Therefore, RDBMSes are a subset of DBMSes.\r\nA relational database refers to a database that stores data in a structured format, using rows and columns. This makes it easy to locate and access specific values within the database. It is &quot;relational&quot; because the values within each table are related to each other. Tables may also be related to other tables. The relational structure makes it possible to run queries across multiple tables at once.\r\nWhile a relational database describes the type of database an RDMBS manages, the RDBMS refers to the database program itself. It is the software that executes queries on the data, including adding, updating, and searching for values.\r\nAn RDBMS may also provide a visual representation of the data. For example, it may display data in a tables like a spreadsheet, allowing you to view and even edit individual values in the table. Some relational database softwareallow you to create forms that can streamline entering, editing, and deleting data.\r\nMost well known DBMS applications fall into the RDBMS category. Examples include Oracle Database, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, and IBM DB2. Some of these programs support non-relational databases, but they are primarily used for relational database management.\r\nExamples of non-relational databases include Apache HBase, IBM Domino, and Oracle NoSQL Database. These type of databases are managed by other DMBS programs that support NoSQL, which do not fall into the RDBMS category.\r\nElements of the relational DBMS that overarch the basic relational database are so intrinsic to operations that it is hard to dissociate the two in practice.\r\nThe most basic features of RDBMS are related to create, read, update and delete operations, collectively known as CRUD. They form the foundation of a well-organized system that promotes consistent treatment of data.\r\nThe RDBMS typically provides data dictionaries and metadata collections useful in data handling. These programmatically support well-defined data structures and relationships. Data storage management is a common capability of the RDBMS, and this has come to be defined by data objects that range from binary large object (blob) strings to stored procedures. Data objects like this extend the scope of basic relational database operations and can be handled in a variety of ways in different RDBMSes.\r\nThe most common means of data access for the RDBMS is via SQL. Its main language components comprise data manipulation language (DML) and data definition language (DDL) statements. Extensions are available for development efforts that pair SQL use with common programming languages, such as COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language), Java and .NET.\r\nRDBMSes use complex algorithms that support multiple concurrent user access to the database, while maintaining data integrity. Security management, which enforces policy-based access, is yet another overlay service that the RDBMS provides for the basic database as it is used in enterprise settings.\r\nRDBMSes support the work of database administrators (DBAs) who must manage and monitor database activity. Utilities help automate data loading and database backup. RDBMS systems manage log files that track system performance based on selected operational parameters. This enables measurement of database usage, capacity and performance, particularly query performance. RDBMSes provide graphical interfaces that help DBAs visualize database activity.\r\nRelational database management systems are central to key applications, such as banking ledgers, travel reservation systems and online retailing. As RDBMSes have matured, they have achieved increasingly higher levels of query optimization, and they have become key parts of reporting, analytics and data warehousing applications for businesses as well. \r\nRDBMSes are intrinsic to operations of a variety of enterprise applications and are at the center of most master data management (MDM) systems.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What are the advantages of a Relational Database Management System?</span></h1>\r\nA Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a software system that provides access to a relational database. The software system is a collection of software applications that can be used to create, maintain, manage and use the database. A &quot;relational database&quot; is a database structured on the &quot;relational&quot; model. Data are stored and presented in a tabular format, organized in rows and columns with one record per row.\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Data Structure.</span> The table format is simple and easy for database users to understand and use. Relational database management software provide data access using a natural structure and organization of the data. Database queries can search any column for matching entries.</li></ul>\r\n<dl></dl>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Multi-User Access.</span> RDBMS database program allow multiple database users to access a database simultaneously. Built-in locking and transactions management functionality allow users to access data as it is being changed, prevents collisions between two users updating the data, and keeps users from accessing partially updated records.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Privileges. </span>Authorization and privilege control features in an RDBMS allow the database administrator to restrict access to authorized users, and grant privileges to individual users based on the types of database tasks they need to perform. Authorization can be defined based on the remote client IP address in combination with user authorization, restricting access to specific external computer systems.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Network Access.</span> RDBMSs provide access to the database through a server daemon, a specialized software program that listens for requests on a network, and allows database clients to connect to and use the database. Users do not need to be able to log in to the physical computer system to use the database, providing convenience for the users and a layer of security for the database. Network access allows developers to build desktop tools and Web applications to interact with databases.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Speed.</span> The relational database model is not the fastest data structure. RDBMS software advantages, such as simplicity, make the slower speed a fair trade-off. Optimizations built into an RDBMS, and the design of the databases, enhance performance, allowing RDBMSs to perform more than fast enough for most applications and data sets. Improvements in technology, increasing processor speeds and decreasing memory and storage costs allow systems administrators to build incredibly fast systems that can overcome any database performance shortcomings.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Maintenance. </span>RDBMSs feature maintenance utilities that provide database administrators with tools to easily maintain, test, repair and back up the databases housed in the system. Many of the functions can be automated using built-in automation in the RDBMS, or automation tools available on the operating system.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Language.</span> RDBMSs support a generic language called &quot;Structured Query Language&quot; (SQL). The SQL syntax is simple, and the language uses standard English language keywords and phrasing, making it fairly intuitive and easy to learn. Many RDBMSs add non-SQL, database-specific keywords, functions and features to the SQL language.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Relational_Database_Management_Systems.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"jobRoles":[{"id":60,"title":"Chief Information Officer"},{"id":62,"title":"Chief Technical Officer"},{"id":58,"title":"Chief Executive Officer"}],"organizationalFeatures":["Internet access is available for employees","GDPR Compliance"],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":["Low bandwidth data channels","High costs","Total high cost of ownership of IT infrastructure (TCO)"],"materials":[{"id":913,"title":"","description":"Amazon RDS Features","uri":"https://aws.amazon.com/rds/features/"},{"id":914,"title":"","description":"Analyze and tune Amazon RDS database performance","uri":"https://aws.amazon.com/rds/performance-insights/"}],"useCases":[{"id":194,"title":"Amazon RDS for Oracle","description":"Oracle® Database is a relational database management system developed by Oracle. Amazon RDS makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale Oracle Database deployments in the cloud. With Amazon RDS, you can deploy multiple editions of Oracle Database in minutes with cost-efficient and re-sizable hardware capacity. Amazon RDS frees you up to focus on application development by managing time-consuming database administration tasks including provisioning, backups, software patching, monitoring, and hardware scaling. <link https://aws.amazon.com/rds/oracle/?nc=sn&loc=3&dn=5>Read more</link>","imageURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/aws.png"},{"id":432,"title":"Web and mobile applications","description":" Web and mobile applications that are built to operate at very large scale need a database with high throughput, massive storage scalability, and high availability. Amazon RDS fulfills the needs of such highly demanding applications with room for future growth. Since Amazon RDS does not have any licensing constraints, it perfectly fits the variable usage pattern of these applications.","imageURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/aws_rds.png"},{"id":433,"title":"Ecommerce applications","description":" Amazon RDS offers small and large ecommerce businesses a flexible, secured, highly scalable, and low-cost database solution for online sales and retailing. Amazon RDS provides a managed database offering helping ecommerce companies meet PCI compliance and focus on building high quality customer experiences without worrying about managing the underlying database.","imageURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/aws_rds.png"},{"id":434,"title":"Mobile and online games","description":" Mobile and Online games need a database platform with high throughput and availability. Amazon RDS manages the database infrastructure so game developers don’t have to worry about provisioning, scaling, or monitoring database servers. Amazon RDS provides familiar database engines that can rapidly grow capacity to meet user demand.","imageURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/aws_rds.png"}],"best_practices":[],"values":["Ensure Compliance","Reduce Costs","Ensure Security and Business Continuity"],"implementations":[{"id":809,"title":"AWS for Coinbase","url":"https://old.roi4cio.com/vnedrenija/vnedrenie/aws-for-coinbase/"},{"id":813,"title":"AWS for international energy company","url":"https://old.roi4cio.com/vnedrenija/vnedrenie/aws-for-international-energy-company/"},{"id":819,"title":"AWS for publishing company","url":"https://old.roi4cio.com/vnedrenija/vnedrenie/aws-for-publishing-company/"},{"id":823,"title":"AWS for NASA","url":"https://old.roi4cio.com/vnedrenija/vnedrenie/aws-for-nasa/"}],"presenterCodeLng":"","productImplementations":[{"id":809,"title":"AWS for Coinbase","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">&nbsp;The Challenge</span>\r\nSince its founding in 2012, Coinbase has quickly become the leader in bitcoin transactions. As it prepared to respond to ever-increasing customer demand for bitcoin transactions, the company knew it needed to invest in the right underlying technology. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We’re now in the phase of legitimizing this currency and bringing it to the masses,”</span> says Rob Witoff , director at Coinbase . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“As part of that, our core tenets are security, scalability, and availability.”</span>\r\nSecurity is the most important of those tenets, according to Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We control hundreds of millions of dollars of bitcoin for our customers, placing us among the largest reserves in our industry,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Just as a traditional bank would heavily guard its customers’ assets inside a physical bank vault, we take the same or greater precautions with our servers.”</span>\r\nScalability is also critical because Coinbase needs to be able to elastically scale its services globally without consuming precious engineering resources. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“As a startup, we’re meticulous about where we invest our time,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We want to focus on how our customers interact with our product and the services we’re offering. We don’t want to reinvent solutions to already-solved foundational infrastructure.”</span> Coinbase also strives to give its developers more time to focus on innovation. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We have creative, envelope-pushing engineers who are driving our startup with innovative new services that balance a delightful experience with uncompromising security,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“That’s why we need to have our exchange on something we know will work.”</span>\r\nAdditionally, Coinbase sought a better data analytics solution. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We generate massive amounts of data from the top to the bottom of our infrastructure that would traditionally be stored in a remote and dated warehouse. But we’ve increasingly focused on adopting new technologies without losing a reliable, trusted core,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“At the same time, we wanted the best possible real-time insight into how our services are running.”</span>\r\nTo support its goals, Coinbase decided to deploy its new bitcoin exchange in the cloud. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“When I joined Coinbase in 2014, the company was bootstrapped by quite a few third-party hosting providers,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“But because we’re managing actual value and real assets on our machines, we needed to have complete control over our environment.”</span><br /><br />\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why Amazon Web Services</span>\r\nCoinbase evaluated different cloud technology vendors in late 2014, but it was most confident in Amazon Web Services (AWS). In his previous role at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Witoff gained experience running secure and sensitive workloads on AWS. Based on this, Witoff says he <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“came to trust a properly designed AWS cloud.”</span>\r\nThe company began designing the new Coinbase Exchange by using AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), which securely controls access to AWS services. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Cloud computing provides an API for everything, including accidentally destroying the company,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We think security and identity and access management done correctly can empower our engineers to focus on products within clear and trusted walls, and that’s why we implemented an auditable self-service security foundation with AWS IAM.”</span> The exchange runs inside the Coinbase production environment on AWS, powered by a custom-built transactional data engine alongside Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) instances and PostgreSQL databases. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances also power the exchange.\r\nThe organization provides reliable delivery of its wallet and exchange to global customers by distributing its applications natively across multiple AWS Availability Zones.\r\nCoinbase created a streaming data insight pipeline in AWS, with real-time exchange analytics processed by an Amazon Kinesis managed big-data processing service. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“All of our operations analytics are piped into Kinesis in real time and then sent to our analytics engine so engineers can search, query, and find trends from the data,” </span>Witoff says. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We also take that data from Kinesis into a separate disaster recovery environment.”</span> Coinbase also integrates the insight pipeline with AWS CloudTrail log files, which are sent to Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) buckets, then to the AWS Lambda compute service, and on to Kinesis containers based on Docker images. This gives Coinbase complete, transparent, and indexed audit logs across its entire IT environment.\r\nEvery day, 1 TB of data—about 1 billion events—flows through that path. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Whenever our security groups or network access controls are modified, we see alerts in real time, so we get full insight into everything happening across the exchange,”</span> says Witoff . For additional big-data insight, Coinbase uses Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR), a web service that uses the Hadoop open-source framework to process data, and Amazon Redshift, a managed petabyte-scale data warehouse. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We use Amazon EMR to crunch our growing databases into structured, actionable Redshift data that tells us how our company is performing and where to steer our ship next,”</span> says Witoff .\r\nAll of the company’s networks are designed, built, and maintained through AWS CloudFormation templates. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“This gives us the luxury of version-controlling our network, and it allows for seamless, exact network duplication for on-demand development and staging environments,” </span>says Witoff . Coinbase also uses Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) endpoints to optimize throughput to Amazon S3, and Amazon WorkSpaces to provision cloud-based desktops for global workers. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“As we scale our services around the world, we also scale our team. We rely on Amazon WorkSpaces for on-demand access by our contractors to appropriate slices of our network,”</span> Witoff says.\r\nCoinbase launched the U.S. Coinbase Exchange on AWS in February 2015, and recently expanded to serve European users.<br /><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Benefits</span>\r\nCoinbase is able to securely store its customers’ funds using AWS. “I consider Amazon’s cloud to be our own private cloud, and when we deploy something there, I trust that my staff and administrators are the only people who have access to those assets,” says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Also, securely storing bitcoin remains a major focus area for us that has helped us gain the trust of consumers across the world. Rather than spending our resources replicating and securing a new data center with solved challenges, AWS has allowed us to hone in on one of our core competencies: securely storing private keys.”</span>\r\nCoinbase has also relied on AWS to quickly grow its customer base. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“In three years, our bitcoin wallet base has grown from zero to more than 3 million. We’ve been able to drive that growth by providing a fast, global wallet service, which would not be possible without AWS,”</span> says Witoff .\r\nAdditionally, the company has better visibility into its business with its insight pipeline. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Using Kinesis for our insight pipeline, we can provide analytical insights to our engineering team without forcing them to jump through complex hoops to traverse our information,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“They can use the pipeline to easily view all the metadata about how the Coinbase Exchange is performing.”</span> And because Kinesis provides a one-to-many analytics delivery method, Coinbase can collect metrics in its primary database as well as through new, experimental data stores. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“As a result, we can keep up to speed with the latest, greatest, most exciting tools in the data science and data analytics space without having to take undue risk on unproven technologies,”</span> says Witoff .\r\nAs a startup company that built its bitcoin exchange in the cloud from day one, Coinbase has more agility than it would have had if it created the exchange internally. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“By starting with the cloud at our core, we’ve been able to move fast where others dread,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Evolving our network topology, scaling across the globe, and deploying new services are never more than a few actions away. This empowers us to spend more time thinking about what we want to do instead of what we’re able to do.”</span> That agility is helping Coinbase meet the demands of fast business growth. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Our exchange is in hyper-growth mode, and we’re in the process of scaling it all across the world,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“For each new country we bring on board, we are able to scale geographically and at the touch of a button launch more machines to support more users.”</span>\r\nBy using AWS, Coinbase can concentrate even more on innovation. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We trust AWS to manage the lowest layers of our stack, which helps me sleep at night,”</span> says Witoff . <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“And as we go higher up into that stack—for example, with our insight pipeline—we are able to reach new heights as a business, so we can focus on innovating for the future of finance.”</span>","alias":"aws-for-coinbase","roi":0,"seo":{"title":"AWS for Coinbase","keywords":"","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">&nbsp;The Challenge</span>\r\nSince its founding in 2012, Coinbase has quickly become the leader in bitcoin transactions. 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The bitcoin network is made up of thousands of computers run by individuals all over the world.\r\nThe company, which supports 3 million global users, facilitates bitcoin transactions in 190 countries and exchanges between bitcoin and flat currencies in 26 countries. 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It is based in San Francisco, California.\r\nBitcoin is the world's most wid","og:title":"Coinbase","og:description":" Founded in June of 2012, Coinbase is a digital currency wallet and platform where merchants and consumers can transact with new digital currencies like bitcoin, ethereum, and litecoin. It is based in San Francisco, California.\r\nBitcoin is the world's most wid","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/Coinbase-Logo.png"},"eventUrl":""},"supplier":{"id":176,"title":"Amazon Web Services","logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/aws_logo.png","alias":"amazon-web-services","address":"","roles":[],"description":"&nbsp;<span lang=\"EN-US\">Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world's largest cloud service provider. Since 2006, the company has been offering customers various elements of a virtual IT infrastructure in the form of web services. Today AWS offers about 70 cloud services deployed on the basis of more than a hundred of its own data centers located in the United States, Europe, Brazil, Singapore, Japan, and Australia. Services include computing power, secure storage, analytics, mobile applications, databases, IoT solutions, and more. Customers pay only for the services they consume, dynamically expanding or contracting cloud resources as needed.</span> \r\n<span lang=\"EN-US\">&nbsp;</span>\r\n<span lang=\"EN-US\"><span lang=\"en\">Through</span></span> cloud computing, companies do not need to pre-plan the use of servers and other IT infrastructure and pay for all this for several weeks or months in advance. 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Today AWS offers about 70 cloud s","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/aws_logo.png"},"eventUrl":""}],"products":[],"countries":[],"startDate":"0000-00-00","endDate":"0000-00-00","dealDate":"0000-00-00","price":0,"status":"finished","isImplementation":true,"isAgreement":false,"confirmed":1,"implementationDetails":{},"categories":[],"additionalInfo":{"budgetNotExceeded":"-1","functionallyTaskAssignment":"-1","projectWasPut":"-1","price":0,"source":{"url":"https://aws.amazon.com/ru/solutions/case-studies/coinbase/?nc1=h_ls","title":"-"}},"comments":[],"referencesCount":0},{"id":813,"title":"AWS for international energy company","description":"<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Challenge</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">With the acquisition of hardware and platform partner, AlertMe, in 2015, Centrica Connected Home was faced with the prospect of a significant shift in focus. Previously the relationship had been one of vendor-customer with AlertMe also pursuing it's own goals for expansion and licensing of its software. After the acquisition, Centrica Connected Home moved to quickly integrate the technical talent from the two companies and then to realign the development efforts of the teams.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The new common goals of product evolution, feature enhancement and international launch, presented a number of challenges in the form of a rapid scaling requirement for their live platform, whilst maintaining stability and availability. Added to these demands on the company were an expansion into new markets, and brand new product launches, including smart boiler service and a growing ecosystem of new Hive smart home devices. They even found the time to develop deeply functional Alexa skills for their products and hence be a Smart Home Launch Partner for the Amazon Echo in the UK in 2016.<br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why Amazon Web Services</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The entire end-to-end infrastructure on which the Hive Platform is based—including marketing and support websites, data collection services, and the real-time store for user and analytics data—runs on AWS technologies. The core technologies used to power Hive are Amazon Elastic Cloud Compute (Amazon EC2), Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS), and Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3). The new challenges meant they had to seek solutions in additional specialised, managed AWS services.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Working with the AWS IoT Service Team under the EMEA IOT Lead for Amazon Web Services, Claudiu Pasa, they began a proof of concept project for migration from their existing device management platform to a specialised AWS IoT based service for new and existing devices. This deeper AWS integration enabled the replacement of other platform components with a leaner, faster Lambda based microservices infrastructure, with Amazon EC2 and Amazon RDS still playing a large part in their infrastructure for longer lived components such as data stores and platform UIs.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Additional use of integrated AWS services such as Amazon S3 data storage and web hosting, Amazon API Gateway, Amazon Cognito and Amazon Cloudfront offer attractive benefits, when used in concert with more traditional infrastructure, such as lower latency to the customer, less scalability limitations and more resilience, allowing their engineering team to focus on systems that add value to the business such as advanced monitoring using AWS partner Wavefront, aggregated logging and application analysis using Amazon Elasticsearch Service, and cost analysis and attribution using resource tags and consolidated billing in Amazon Organisations.<br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Benefits</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Centrica Connected Home is a great example of lean enterprise in action. Although it’s part of one of the UK’s biggest corporations, it operates in an agile way, learning quickly while delivering a cutting-edge product to hundreds of thousands of satisfied customers.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Our teams are empowered to make their own decisions and mistakes, and can pick up the tools and run with them, trying new things and innovating. AWS helps us to achieve this lean, agile infrastructure because it we can work flexibly and without constraint but within a consistent environment.”,</span> says Adrian Heesom, COO Centrica Connected Home.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Heesom continues, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Our ability to develop new features is much easier in our AWS environment. Plus, the AWS cloud delivers a consistently available hosting platform for our services. The ease of deploying resources in multiple physical AWS locations gives us confidence in the reliability of our environment.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Christopher Livermore, Centrica Connected Homes Head of Site Reliability Engineering says, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&quot;Leveraging managed, optimised services such as Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, AWS IoT, API Gateway, AWS Lambda, Amazon Cloudfront, Amazon RDS and Amazon Cognito allows our developers and engineers to focus on product delivery and its value to our customers. It abstracts away some of the common problems of operating system configuration and architecture design. It also makes it easier to maintain a good, common framework for product development across all our teams, internationally.&quot;</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Cost is a two-fold benefit for Centrica Connected Home. It can access a range of environments to experiment cost-effectively, while paying only for IT resources as they’re consumed. It’s a model that the team have adopted for its own products and related services.<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“More and more of our customers want to “pay as they go” for our Centrica Connected Home products and services,”</span>Heesom says.<span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“This not only aligns with the way we pay for AWS and make our finance model easier, but it enables us to focus even more resources on innovating our services further.”</span></span>","alias":"aws-for-international-energy-company","roi":0,"seo":{"title":"AWS for international energy company","keywords":"","description":"<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Challenge</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">With the acquisition of hardware and platform partner, AlertMe, in 2015, Centrica Connected Home was faced with th","og:title":"AWS for international energy company","og:description":"<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Challenge</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">With the acquisition of hardware and platform partner, AlertMe, in 2015, Centrica Connected Home was faced with th"},"deal_info":"","user":{"id":5587,"title":"Centrica","logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/Centrica.jpg","alias":"centrica","address":"","roles":[],"description":" Centrica is an international energy and services company. Centrica supplies energy and energy-related services to around 28 million customer accounts mainly in the UK, Ireland and North America, through brands such as British Gas, Direct Energy and Bord Gáis Energy supported by around 12,000 engineers and technicians.\r\nConnected Home was started by Centrica, as part of British Gas, in 2012 to empower the consumer by enabling them to flexibly control their homes. Through its Hive smart home products - Hive Active Heating, Hive Active Plugs, Hive Active Light bulbs, Hive motion sensors and Hive window and door sensors, residential customers can control their homes from a smartphone, tablet, or PC.\r\nHive products and services are the UK's most popular smart home ecosystem, with more than half a million Hive hubs.","companyTypes":[],"products":{},"vendoredProductsCount":0,"suppliedProductsCount":0,"supplierImplementations":[],"vendorImplementations":[],"userImplementations":[],"userImplementationsCount":1,"supplierImplementationsCount":0,"vendorImplementationsCount":0,"vendorPartnersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"b4r":0,"categories":{},"companyUrl":"https://www.centrica.com/","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":false,"isSupplier":false,"isVendor":false,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"Centrica","keywords":"","description":" Centrica is an international energy and services company. Centrica supplies energy and energy-related services to around 28 million customer accounts mainly in the UK, Ireland and North America, through brands such as British Gas, Direct Energy and Bord Gáis ","og:title":"Centrica","og:description":" Centrica is an international energy and services company. Centrica supplies energy and energy-related services to around 28 million customer accounts mainly in the UK, Ireland and North America, through brands such as British Gas, Direct Energy and Bord Gáis ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/Centrica.jpg"},"eventUrl":""},"supplier":{"id":176,"title":"Amazon Web Services","logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/aws_logo.png","alias":"amazon-web-services","address":"","roles":[],"description":"&nbsp;<span lang=\"EN-US\">Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world's largest cloud service provider. 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Instead, they can deploy hundreds or thousands of servers in minutes and achieve results quickly.\r\n<span lang=\"EN-US\">&nbsp;</span>\r\n<span lang=\"EN-US\">Today, Amazon Web Services provides a highly reliable, scalable, infrastructure platform in the cloud that powers hundreds of thousands of organizations in every industry and government in nearly every country in the world.</span>","companyTypes":[],"products":{},"vendoredProductsCount":36,"suppliedProductsCount":36,"supplierImplementations":[],"vendorImplementations":[],"userImplementations":[],"userImplementationsCount":0,"supplierImplementationsCount":18,"vendorImplementationsCount":20,"vendorPartnersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":4,"b4r":0,"categories":{},"companyUrl":"http://aws.amazon.com/","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":false,"isSupplier":false,"isVendor":false,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"Amazon Web Services","keywords":"Amazon, services, known, computing, also, tools, Services, than","description":"&nbsp;<span lang=\"EN-US\">Amazon Web Services (AWS) is the world's largest cloud service provider. 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To avoid the costs of acquiring and configuring new hardware infrastructure and the required staff to maintain it, the company initially chose a fully managed hosting vendor. But after several months, The Times' software engineering team found it had sacrificed flexibility and agility in exchange for less maintenance responsibility. As the hosted platform struggled with managing traffic under a vastly fluctuating load, The Seattle Times team was hamstrung in its ability to scale up to meet customer demand.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Tom Bain, the software engineering manager overseeing the migration effort, says, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">&quot;We had a fairly standard architecture in mind when we set out to do the migration, and we encouraged our vendor to adapt to our needs, but they struggled with the idea of altering their own business model to satisfy our very unique hosting needs.&quot;</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why Amazon Web Services</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">To address these core scalability concerns, The Seattle Times engineering team considered several alternative hosting options, including self-hosting on premises, more flexible managed hosting options, and various cloud providers. The team concluded that the available cloud options provided the needed flexibility, appropriate architecture, and desired cost savings. The company ultimately chose Amazon Web Services (AWS), in part because of the maturity of the product offering and, most significantly, the auto-scaling capabilities built into the service. The Seattle Times' new software is built on the LAMP stack, and the added benefits of native, Linux-based cloud hosting made the most sense when choosing a new vendor.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The Seattle Times developed a proof-of-concept and implementation plan, which was reviewed by a team from AWS Support. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“They looked over our architecture and said, ‘Here are some things that we recommend you do, some best practices, and some lessons learned,’ ”</span> says Rob Grutko, director of technology for The Seattle Times. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“They were very helpful in making sure we were production ready.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">After implementing the desired system architecture and vetting the chosen components and configuration with AWS, The Times deployed its new system in just six hours. The website moved to the AWS platform between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m. and final testing was completed by 5 a.m. — in time for the next news day.<br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How Seattle Times Uses AWS</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Seattletimes.com is now hosted in an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC), a logically isolated section of the AWS cloud. It uses Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) for resizable compute capacity and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) for persistent block-level storage volumes. Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) serves as a scalable cloud-based database, Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) provides a fully redundant infrastructure for storing and retrieving data, and Amazon Route 53 offers a highly available and scalable Domain Name System (DNS) web service.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The Times is using Amazon CloudFront in front of several Amazon S3 buckets to distribute a huge collection of photo imagery. The combination of Amazon CloudFront and Amazon S3 is used to embed photos into news stories distributed to The Times readers with low latency and high transfer speeds. Additionally, Amazon ElastiCache serves as an in-memory “cache in the cloud” in The Times’ new configuration. The Times is also using AWS Lambda to resize images for viewing on different devices such as desktop computers, tablets, and smartphones.<br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Benefits</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">With AWS, The Seattle Times can now automatically scale up very rapidly to accommodate spikes in website traffic when big stories break, and scale down during slower traffic periods to reduce costs. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Auto-scaling is really the clincher to this,”</span> Grutko says. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“With AWS, we can now serve our online readers with speed and efficiency, scaling to meet demand and delivering a better reader experience.’’</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Moreover, news images can now be rapidly resized for different viewing environments, allowing breaking-news stories to reach readers faster. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“AWS Lambda provides us with extremely fast image resizing,” </span>Grutko says. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Before, if we needed an image resized in 10 different sizes, it would happen serially. With AWS Lambda, all 10 images get created at the same time, so it’s quite a bit faster and it involves no server maintenance.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Rather than relying on a hosting service to fix inevitable systems issues, The Times now has complete control over its back-end environment, enabling it to troubleshoot problems as soon as they occur. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“When an issue happens, we can go under the hood and troubleshoot to get around nearly any problem,”</span> says Grutko.<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> “It’s our environment, and we control it.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">When the company encounters a problem that it can’t solve, it relies on AWS Support.<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> “Our on-boarding experience was quite good with the AWS support team,”</span> says Miles Van Pelt, senior development engineer at The Seattle Times. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“It really felt like they went out of their way to answer our questions and research topics that we couldn't readily find in their extensive documentation.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">By choosing AWS, The Seattle Times is now better positioned to deliver in its pursuit of being a leading-edge digital news media company. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“By moving to AWS, we’ve regained the agility and flexibility we need to support the company’s journalistic mission without incurring the expense and demands required of a pile of physical hardware,”</span> says Grutko .</span>","alias":"aws-for-publishing-company","roi":0,"seo":{"title":"AWS for publishing company","keywords":"","description":"<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Challenge</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">After maintaining on-premises hardware and custom publishing software for nearly two decades, The Seattle Times so","og:title":"AWS for publishing company","og:description":"<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The Challenge</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">After maintaining on-premises hardware and custom publishing software for nearly two decades, The Seattle Times so"},"deal_info":"","user":{"id":5642,"title":"The Seattle Times","logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/The_Seattle_Times.png","alias":"the-seattle-times","address":"","roles":[],"description":" Founded in 1896, The Seattle Times is a family-owned news media business serving the Pacific Northwest. The Seattle Times is the winner of 10 Pulitzer Prizes, journalism’s highest honor, and two prestigious Online Journalism Awards for its digital news coverage. Seattletimes.com attracts nearly 7 million unique visitors a month, making it the biggest local digital network in the region. The Seattle Times print edition is the second largest newspaper on the West Coast, setting the news agenda for Seattle and the region.","companyTypes":[],"products":{},"vendoredProductsCount":0,"suppliedProductsCount":0,"supplierImplementations":[],"vendorImplementations":[],"userImplementations":[],"userImplementationsCount":1,"supplierImplementationsCount":0,"vendorImplementationsCount":0,"vendorPartnersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"b4r":0,"categories":{},"companyUrl":"https://www.seattletimes.com/","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":false,"isSupplier":false,"isVendor":false,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"The Seattle Times","keywords":"","description":" Founded in 1896, The Seattle Times is a family-owned news media business serving the Pacific Northwest. 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What can we learn there, or learn just by trying to get there, that will make life better here on Earth?<br /></span>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Exploring Space: No Rocket Science Degree Needed</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Have you ever looked up at night and wondered about the mysteries of space? Or marveled at the expansiveness of our galaxy? You can easily explore all this and more at the NASA Image and Video Library, which provides easy access to more than 140,000 still images, audio recordings, and videos—documenting NASA’s more than half a century of achievements in exploring the vast unknown. For NASA, providing the public with such easy access to the wonders of space has been a journey all its own.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">NASA began providing online access to photos, video, and audio in the early 2000’s, when media capture began to shift from analog and film to digital. Before long, each of NASA’s 10 field centers was making its imagery available online, including digitized versions of some older assets.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Therein was the challenge: <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“With media in so many different places, you needed institutional knowledge of NASA to know where to look,”</span> says Rodney Grubbs, imagery experts program manager at NASA. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“If you wanted a video of the space shuttle launch, you had to go to the Kennedy Space Center website. If you wanted pictures from the Hubble Space Telescope, you went to the Goddard Space Flight Center website. With 10 different centers and dozens of distributed image collections, it took a lot of digging around to find what you wanted.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Early efforts to provide a one-stop shop consisted of essentially “scraping” content from the different sites, bringing it together in one place, and layering a search engine on top. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“In large part, those initial efforts were unsuccessful because each center categorized its imagery in different ways,”</span> says Grubbs.<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"> “As a result, we often had five to six copies of the same image, each described in different ways, which made searches difficult and delivered a poor user experience.”</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">In 2011, NASA decided that the best approach to address this issue was to start over. By late 2014, all the necessary pieces for a second attempt were in place:<br /></span>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The Imagery Experts Program had developed and published a common metadata standard, which all NASA’s centers had adopted.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The Web Enterprise Service Technologies (WESTPrime) service contract, one of five agency-wide service contracts under NASA’s Enterprise Services program, provided a delivery vehicle for building and managing the new site.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP), which provides a standardized approach to security assessment, authorization, and continuous monitoring for cloud products and services.</span><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"></span><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"></span></li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“We wanted to build our new solution in the cloud for two reasons,”</span> says Grubbs. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“By 2014, like with many government agencies, NASA was trying to get away from buying hardware and building data centers, which are expensive to build and manage. The cloud also provided the ability to scale with ease, as needed, paying for only the capacity we use instead of having to make a large up-front investment.”</span><br /></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Decades of NASA Achievements – All in One Place</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Development of the new NASA Image and Video Library was handled by the Web Services Office within NASA’s Enterprise Service and Integration Division. Technology selection, solution design, and implementation was managed by InfoZen, the WESTPrime contract service provider. As an Advanced Consulting Partner of the AWS Partner Network (APN), InfoZen chose to build the solution on Amazon Web Services (AWS). <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">“Amazon was the largest cloud services provider, had a strong government cloud presence, and offered the most suitable cloud in terms of elasticity,”</span> recalls Sandeep Shilawat, Cloud Program Manager at InfoZen.</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">NASA formally launched its Image and Video Library in March 2017. Key features include:<br /></span>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">A user interface that automatically scales for PCs, tablets, and mobile phones across virtually every browser and operating system.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">A search interface that lets people easily find what they’re looking for, including the ability to choose from gallery view or list view and to narrow-down search results by media type and/or by year.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The ability to easily download any media found on the site—or share it on Pinterest, Facebook, Twitter, or Google+.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Access to the metadata associated with each asset, such as file size, file format, which center created the asset, and when it was created. When available, users can also view EXIF/camera data for still images such as exposure, shutter speed, and lens used.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">An application programming interface (API) for automated uploads of new content—including integration with NASA’s existing authentication mechanism.</span></li></ul>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Architecture</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">The NASA Image and Video Library is a cloud-native solution, with the front-end web app separated from the backend API. It runs as immutable infrastructure in a fully automated environment, with all infrastructure defined in code to support continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD).</span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">In building the solution, InfoZen took advantage of the following Amazon Web Services:<br /></span>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2), which provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud. This enables NASA to scale up under load and scale down during periods of inactivity to save money, and pay for only what it uses.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), which is used to distribute incoming traffic across multiple Amazon EC2 instances, as required to achieve redundancy and fault-tolerance.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3), which supports object storage for incoming (uploaded) media, metadata, and published assets.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS), which is used to decouple incoming jobs from pipeline processes.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS), which is used for automatic synchronization and failover.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon DynamoDB, a fast and flexible NoSQL database service, which is used to track incoming jobs, published assets, and users.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Elastic Transcoder, which is used to transcode audio and video to various resolutions.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon CloudSearch, which is used to support searching by free text or fields.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS), which is used to trigger the processing pipeline when new content is uploaded.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">AWS CloudFormation, which enables automated creation, updating, and destruction of AWS resources. InfoZen also used the Troposphere library, which enables the creation of objects via AWS CloudFormation using Python instead of hand-coded JSON—each object representing one AWS resource such as an instance, an Elastic IP (EIP) address, or a security group.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Amazon CloudWatch, which provides a monitoring service for AWS cloud resources and the applications running on AWS.</span></li></ul>\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">An Image and Video Library for the Future</span></span>\r\n<span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Through its use of AWS, with support from InfoZen, NASA is making its vast wealth of pictures, videos, and audio files—previously in some 60 “collections” across NASA’s 10 centers—easily discoverable in one centralized location, delivering these benefits:<br /></span>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Easy Access to the Wonders of Space. The Image and Video Library automatically optimizes the user experience for each user’s particular device. It is also fully compliant with Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act, which requires federal agencies to make their technology solutions accessible to people with disabilities. Captions can be turned on or off for videos played on the site, and text-based caption files can be downloaded for any video.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Built-in Scalability. All components of the NASA Image and Video Library are built to scale on demand, as needed to handle usage spikes. “On-demand scalability will be invaluable for events such as the solar eclipse that’s happening later this summer—both as we upload new media and as the public comes to view that content,” says Bryan Walls, Imagery Experts Deputy Program Manager at NASA.</span></li></ul>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(97, 97, 97); \">Good Use of Taxpayer Dollars. By building its Image and Video Library in the cloud, NASA avoided the costs associated with deploying and maintaining server and storage hardware in-house. 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