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Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yields, the more complex and technology-intensive your project, the more we like working on it.\r\nCTP delivers a broad range of IoT consulting and implementation services that use the power of the cloud to solve today’s most challenging business problems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud Native Development</span>\r\nBuild cloud-native software solutions that scales dynamically to meet your global business needs.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Application Modernization</span>\r\nModernize your application for the cloud to improve performance, scalability and security.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Big Data & Analytics</span>\r\nMake better decisions by leveraging the power of the cloud to turn data into insights.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">New Tools & Technologies</span>\r\nStay ahead of the technology curve using Blockchain, Machine Learning and more.","shortDescription":"Build cloud-native software to rapidly scale and grow your business.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":4,"sellingCount":13,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"CTP Digital Innovation Solutions","keywords":"","description":"We specialize in building cloud-based software solutions that solve the most challenging problems today’s enterprises face. Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yiel","og:title":"CTP Digital Innovation Solutions","og:description":"We specialize in building cloud-based software solutions that solve the most challenging problems today’s enterprises face. Whether it’s an IoT system that improves the reliability of locomotives or a big data analytics platform that predicts agricultural yiel","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/cloud_technology_partners_logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":3491,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":591,"title":"Software Development","alias":"software-development","description":" Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.\r\nSoftware can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific client/business (the case with custom software), to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users (the case with commercial and open-source software), or for personal use (e.g. a scientist may write software to automate a mundane task). Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself and is often developed separately.\r\nThe need for better quality control of the software development process has given rise to the discipline of software engineering, which aims to apply the systematic approach exemplified in the engineering paradigm to the process of software development.\r\nThere are many approaches to software project management, known as software development life cycle models, methodologies, processes, or models. The waterfall model is a traditional version, contrasted with the more recent innovation of agile software development.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software development?</span>\r\nSoftware itself is the set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do. It is independent of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three basic types:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">System software</span> to provide core functions such as operating systems, disk management, utilities, hardware management, and other operational necessities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programming software</span> to give programmers tools such as text editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers and other tools to create code.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application software</span> (applications or apps) to help users perform tasks. Office productivity suites, data management software, media players and security programs are examples. Applications also refer to web and mobile applications like those used to shop on Amazon.com, socialize with Facebook or post pictures to Instagram.\r\nA possible fourth type is <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">embedded software.</span> Embedded systems software is used to control machines and devices not typically considered computers — telecommunications networks, cars, industrial robots and more. These devices, and their software, can be connected as part of the Internet of Things (IoT).\r\nSoftware development is primarily conducted by programmers, software engineers, and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them vary greatly across development departments and communities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programmers, or coders,</span> write source code to program computers for specific tasks like merging databases, processing online orders, routing communications, conducting searches or displaying text and graphics. Programmers typically interpret instructions from software developers and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to carry them out.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software engineers</span> apply engineering principles to build software and systems to solve problems. They use modeling language and other tools to devise solutions that can often be applied to problems in a general way, as opposed to merely solving for a specific instance or client. Software engineering solutions adhere to the scientific method and must work in the real world, as with bridges or elevators.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software developers</span> have a less formal role than engineers and can be closely involved with specific project areas — including writing code. At the same time, they drive the overall software development lifecycle — including working across functional teams to transform requirements into features, managing development teams and processes, and conducting software testing and maintenance.\r\nThe work of software development isn’t confined to coders or development teams. Professionals such as scientists, device fabricators, and hardware makers also create software code even though they are not primarily software developers. Nor is it confined to traditional information technology industries such as software or semiconductor businesses. In fact, according to the Brookings Institute, those businesses “account for less than half of the companies performing software development.”\r\nAn important distinction is custom software development as opposed to commercial software development. Custom software development is the process of designing, creating, deploying and maintaining software for a specific set of users, functions or organizations. In contrast, commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) is designed for a broad set of requirements, allowing it to be packaged and commercially marketed and distributed.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steps in the software development process</span>\r\nDeveloping software typically involves the following steps:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Selecting a methodology</span> to establish a framework in which the steps of software development are applied. It describes an overall work process or roadmap for the project. Methodologies can include Agile development, DevOps, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Waterfall and others.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gathering requirements</span> to understand and document what is required by users and other stakeholders.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Choosing or building architecture</span> as the underlying structure within which the software will operate.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Developing a design</span> around solutions to the problems presented by requirements, often involving process models and storyboards.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Constructing code</span> in the appropriate programming language. Involves peer and team review to eliminate problems early and produce quality software faster.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Testing</span> with pre-planned scenarios as part of software design and coding — and conducting performance testing to simulate load testing on the application.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing configuration and defects</span> to understand all the software artifacts (requirements, design, code, test) and build distinct versions of the software. Establish quality assurance priorities and release criteria to address and track defects.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying</span> the software for use and responding to and resolving user problems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Migrating data</span> to the new or updated software from existing applications or data sources if necessary.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing and measuring the project</span> to maintain quality and delivery over the application lifecycle, and to evaluate the development process with models such as the Capability Maturity Model (CMM).</li></ul>\r\nThe steps of the software development process fit into application lifecycle management.\r\n<ul><li>Requirements analysis and specification</li><li>Design and development</li><li>Testing</li><li>Deployment</li><li>Maintenance and support</li></ul>\r\nSoftware development process steps can be grouped into the phases of the lifecycle, but the importance of the lifecycle is that it recycles to enable continuous improvement. For example, user issues that surface in the maintenance and support phase can become requirements at the beginning of the next cycle.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is software development important?</span>\r\nSoftware development is important because it helps businesses differentiate themselves and be more competitive. It can improve customer experiences, bring more innovative, feature-rich products to market faster, and make operations more efficient, safe and productive.\r\nSoftware development is also important because it is pervasive.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software_Development.png"},{"id":717,"title":"Consulting","alias":"consulting","description":" Even large international companies often face difficulties in their work. This may be due to both external factors and internal problems. Most often, problems arise because of price fluctuations in the market, the appearance or departure of a competitor, but firms also have difficulties with the relations themselves between employees within the enterprise. Because of this, there is no opportunity and strength within the company to fight for their survival, therefore an excellent solution, in this case, would be to use consulting services.\r\nConsulting is a type of service, which essentially means consulting. One company or person provides services in solving certain problems to another company.\r\nThe issues that can be solved with the help of consulting are very diverse. Sometimes it can be a whole complex of tasks, and sometimes it is provided only in a narrow area. For example, accounting consulting is the involvement of a specialized company or employee to solve accounting problems. That is why, when they talk about the concept of consulting, there is no clear definition.\r\nConsulting services are the solution of organizational or managerial tasks within a firm with the help of external specialists. Professional consultants in a particular area are invited to work at a company. Experts evaluate the condition, see the cause of the problems and create a system for solving these errors.\r\nThe company turns to consulting, not only in the case when experiencing difficulties in development. Often the manager decides on the expansion, so an urgent need to increase the number of specialists. But even if hiring them to work, then it will be necessary to spend more months on training, control over the execution of tasks, and only after that set challenging tasks for them. And in a developing company there is not so much time.<br />Consulting firms are specialized companies that provide consulting services. There can work a staff of staff who simultaneously collaborate with different organizations.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of consulting services?</span>\r\nThere are basic types of consulting services:\r\n<link https://roi4cio.com/en/categories/category/it-Consulting/ - external-link-new-window \"Opens internal link in current window\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IT consulting</span></link> is one of the newest and most sought-after types of consulting in Ukraine. This advice and assistance in the field of information technology. In fact, IT-consulting solves all the issues related to the Internet and information business processes.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Marketing consulting.</span> Not all companies can afford to open a marketing department or hire a professional employee who will solve these issues. And today it is necessary to engage in advertising, because this is the only way to stay on the market and be a leader. In many cases, marketing consulting services are provided along with IT consulting.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Legal consulting</span> is related to the solution of current tasks that are related to the state law. This will allow to properly evaluate the activities of the company and make the most profitable decisions. Legal advice is especially important during the expansion of the enterprise when it is necessary to open new branches or enter into agreements with intermediaries and suppliers.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Financial consulting</span> - services that are associated with the effective management of funds, the distribution of the budget within the company, as well as proper external investments.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Personnel consulting</span> assumes the establishment of internal relations between employees, the selection of new professionals who will meet the requirements of the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who is engaged in consulting services?</span>\r\nThe task of consultants consulting firms include:\r\n<ul><li>Search for problems within the company.</li><li>Analysis of the enterprise.</li><li>Development of strategies and programs to solve the problems found.</li><li>Advice on any issues: management, accounting, logistics, finance, etc.</li></ul>\r\nConsultants have all the necessary knowledge to help small, medium or large businesses solve problems and quickly adapt to a constantly changing market or regularly growing competition.\r\nIn particular, consultants of consulting companies have the following knowledge:\r\n<ul><li>computer science (computer skills and various software);</li><li>marketing and advertising;</li><li>finance and accounting;</li><li>sales and management;</li><li>logistics and investment.</li></ul>\r\nThey must also understand personnel issues, environmental issues, as well as computer technology, basic software and more.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">When it is advisable to resort to consulting services:</span>\r\n<ol><li>If there are disagreements between partners in the business regarding the further development of the company, production, marketing, investments, etc.</li><li>When a business is in a critical situation, for example, on the verge of bankruptcy or bankruptcy, and the manager or entrepreneur is not able to solve the problems and save the company.</li><li>With the expansion of the business and its scaling. When work is planned on other regions of the country or even entering the international market.</li><li>When you need to find fresh ideas for the rapid promotion of a new service, product or product.</li><li>When the need arises to conduct an audit of a business to understand how effective it is and what are the future prospects in the current state of affairs.</li><li>When you plan to sell a business and you need to check all the important points.</li><li>In the absence of new ideas for the promotion of business, products, services or goods. Or to develop a new product, instead of an outdated or lost consumer demand.</li></ol>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Consulting.png"},{"id":718,"title":"IT Consulting","alias":"it-consulting","description":" In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) as a field of activity focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives.\r\nThe IT consulting industry can be viewed as a Four-tier system:\r\n<ul><li>Professional services firms which maintain large professional workforces and command high bill rates.</li><li>Staffing firms, which place technologists with businesses on a temporary basis, typically in response to employee absences, temporary skill shortages and technical projects.</li><li>Independent consultants, who are self-employed or who function as employees of staffing firms (for US tax purposes, employed on Form W-2), or as independent contractors in their own right (for US tax purposes, on "1099").</li><li>Information Technology security consultants</li></ul>\r\nThere are different reasons why consultants are called in:\r\n<ul><li>To gain external, objective advice and recommendations</li><li>To gain access to the consultants' specialized expertise</li><li>Temporary help during a one-time project where the hiring of a permanent employee(s) is not required or necessary</li><li>To outsource all or part of the IT services from a specific company.</li></ul>\r\nThere is a relatively unclear line between management consulting and IT consulting. There are sometimes overlaps between the two fields, but IT consultants often have degrees in computer science, electronics, technology, or management information systems while management consultants often have degrees in accounting, economics, Industrial Engineering, finance, or a generalized MBA (Masters in Business Administration).\r\nAccording to the Institute for Partner Education & Development, IT consultants' revenues come predominantly from design and planning based consulting with a mixture of IT and business consulting. This is different from a systems integrator in that you do not normally take title to product. Their value comes from their ability to integrate and support technologies as well as determining product and brands. ","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Who is an information technology (IT) consultant?</span>\r\nAn information technology consultant is a third-party service provider who is qualified to advise clients on the best use of IT to meet specific business requirements. IT consultants may work with a professional IT consultancy firm or as independent contractors. They may conduct a business needs assessment and develop an information systems solution that meets the organization's objectives.\r\nSome information technology consultants emphasize technical issues while others help organizations use IT to manage business processes. Still others specialize in a specific IT area such as information security.\r\nIT consultants need a deep knowledge of both business and information technology. A bachelor's degree in management information systems, computer science, or information science is the typical path into a technical consultancy career. IT certifications supplement this foundation with specialized technical training. Information technology degree and certification programs are available online to accommodate working IT professionals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the prerequisites and major obstacles?</span>\r\nOnce a business owner defined the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time-frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project scoping and planning</span></span>\r\nThe usual problem is that a business owner doesn't know the detail of what the project is going to deliver until it starts the process. In many cases, the incremental effort in some projects can lead to significant financial loss.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Business process and system design</span></span>\r\nThe scope of a project is linked intimately to the proposed business processes and systems that the project is going to deliver. Regardless of whether the project is to launch a new product range or discontinue unprofitable parts of the business, the change will have some impact on business processes and systems. The documentation of your business processes and system requirements are as fundamental to project scoping as an architects plans would be to the costing and scoping of the construction of a building.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project management support</span></span>\r\nThe most successful business projects are always those that are driven by an employee who has the authority, vision and influence to drive the required changes in a business. It is highly unlikely that a business owner (decision maker or similar) will realize the changes unless one has one of these people in the employment. However, the project leadership role typically requires significant experience and skills which are not usually found within a company focused on day-to-day operations. Due to this requirement within more significant business change projects/programs, outside expertise is often sought from firms which can bring this specific skill set to the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the skills of IT-consulting?</span>\r\nAn IT consultant needs to possess the following skills:\r\n<ul><li>Advisory skills</li><li>Technical skills</li><li>Business skills</li><li>Communication skills</li><li>Management skills</li><li>Advisory language skills</li><li>Business and management language skills</li><li>Technical language skills</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Consulting.png"},{"id":538,"title":"Services","alias":"services","description":" Service - any activity or work that one party can offer the other, characterized by the absence of the proposed material tangibility of such activities and not expressed in possession of something.\r\nA service from the point of view of marketing is a sale object in the form of an artist’s action, bringing benefits to the consumer or a useful result. In the process of providing services, a new, previously non-existent material product is not created, but the quality of an existing, created product changes. These are goods provided not in the form of commodities or exchange, but in the form of activities. The very provision of services creates the desired result for the consumer.\r\nServices have four main characteristics that significantly affect the development of marketing programs:\r\n<ul><li>intangibility - it is impossible to demonstrate, see, try, transport, store, pack or study. All this is possible only in relation to the final result (it was - it became);</li><li>inseparability - a service can be provided only when an order arrives or a client appears, i.e. services are provided and consumed simultaneously;</li><li>variability (non-standardization) - customers are direct participants in the service process and affect its final result;</li><li>impossibility of storage - unlike tangible goods, they cannot be made for future use.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of services?</span>\r\nThe provision (provision) of services may include, for example, the following:\r\n<ul><li>activities carried out on material products supplied by the consumer (for example, repair of a faulty car);</li><li>activities carried out on intangible products supplied by the consumer (for example, preparing a statement of income required to determine the amount of tax);</li><li>the provision of intangible products (for example, information in the sense of knowledge transfer);</li><li>creating favorable conditions for consumers (for example, in hotels and restaurants).</li></ul>\r\nThe services provided to the population, by appointment, are divided into material and socio-cultural:\r\n<ul><li>Material service - a service to satisfy the material and domestic needs of a consumer of services. It provides restoration (change, preservation) of consumer properties of products or the manufacture of new products by orders of citizens, as well as the movement of goods and people, the creation of conditions for consumption. In particular, material services may include household services related to the repair and manufacture of products, housing and communal services, catering services, transportation services, etc.</li><li>Socio-cultural service (intangible service) - a service to satisfy spiritual, intellectual needs and the maintenance of normal consumer life. Provides maintenance and restoration of health, spiritual and physical development of the individual, increasing professional skills. Social and cultural services cannot include medical care and compulsory educational process.</li></ul>\r\nServices can be: private or commercial, voluntary or forced, paid or free, instant or long-term, mutual and anonymous, public, etc.\r\nThe generalizing category, which includes all types of commercial and non-commercial services and is part of the economy, is the service sector.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Service Examples</span>\r\nRealtor services - services of a realtor, real estate agent, aimed at satisfying the needs of the client when performing operations to manage real estate, as well as creating additional benefits for the client when carrying out operations with real estate (additional income or an additional increase in the value of real estate both in the short and long term), the receipt of which would be impossible without the participation of a realtor (real estate agent) and the use of special professional tools and skills. At the same time, the effectiveness of the realtor (real estate agent) is estimated by the value of the benefit received by the client, and his remuneration is only part of it.\r\nLegal services - the services of a lawyer and attorney in many cases are vital, therefore, the choice of performers for their provision should be with particular seriousness and responsibility. The main areas of lawyer and advocate services:\r\n<ul><li>Comprehensive legal services for organizations of various forms of ownership;</li><li>Arbitration - representing the interests of organizations in arbitration courts;</li><li>Representation of interests of companies in courts of various instances;</li><li>Professional legal support of transactions and contracts of organizations;</li><li>Services to legal entities related to bankruptcy of enterprises;</li><li>Services of professional lawyers in returning and collecting debts;</li><li>Representation of interests of organizations in the event of tax disputes;</li><li>Processes related to registration of the inheritance;</li><li>Services of a professional lawyer in the event of a traffic accident (Legal assistance in road accidents);</li><li>Services of a lawyer and advocate in the event of housing disputes;</li><li>Family lawyer services;</li><li>Providing the services of a lawyer and criminal lawyer;</li><li>Ensuring consumer protection.</li></ul>\r\nAccounting services are necessary for both newly opened companies and existing structures that need to establish an accounting service or monitor the work of a full-time accountant. Accounting services are also relevant in the case of business expansion, as new employees appear in the company, salaries are revised, and associated costs arise. Professional accounting services are the foundation of successful business activities, ensuring the prosperity of the business due to the precise control of all financial resources of the company.\r\nPsychological assistance services.\r\nIT-services (IT-services, IT-services; including IT-consulting) - services related to assisting in the development of computer literacy of users, training them in new software products. The list of services also includes services for installation, updating and maintenance of software products and computer equipment.\r\nInformation Services.\r\nand etc.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Services.png"},{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each "thing" is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. 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