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Immunity is known for its aggressive and real-world approach to assessments. <br /><br />Experts in their fields, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity's</span> team is like no other. When you purchase a product from <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity</span>, support is provided by its developer. 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SaaS software solutions has become a common delivery model for many business applications, including office software, messaging software, payroll processing software, DBMS software, management software, CAD software, development software, gamification, virtualization, accounting, collaboration, customer relationship management (CRM), Management Information Systems (MIS), enterprise resource planning (ERP), invoicing, human resource management (HRM), talent acquisition, learning management systems, content management (CM), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and service desk management. SaaS has been incorporated into the strategy of nearly all leading enterprise software companies.\r\nSaaS applications are also known as <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Web-based software</span>, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">on-demand software</span> and<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> hosted software</span>.\r\nThe term &quot;Software as a Service&quot; (SaaS) is considered to be part of the nomenclature of cloud computing, along with Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Desktop as a Service (DaaS),managed software as a service (MSaaS), mobile backend as a service (MBaaS), and information technology management as a service (ITMaaS).\r\nBecause SaaS is based on cloud computing it saves organizations from installing and running applications on their own systems. That eliminates or at least reduces the associated costs of hardware purchases and maintenance and of software and support. The initial setup cost for a SaaS application is also generally lower than it for equivalent enterprise software purchased via a site license.\r\nSometimes, the use of SaaS cloud software can also reduce the long-term costs of software licensing, though that depends on the pricing model for the individual SaaS offering and the enterprise’s usage patterns. In fact, it’s possible for SaaS to cost more than traditional software licenses. This is an area IT organizations should explore carefully.<br />SaaS also provides enterprises the flexibility inherent with cloud services: they can subscribe to a SaaS offering as needed rather than having to buy software licenses and install the software on a variety of computers. The savings can be substantial in the case of applications that require new hardware purchases to support the software.<br /><br /><br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">Who uses SaaS?</span></h1>\r\nIndustry analyst Forrester Research notes that SaaS adoption has so far been concentrated mostly in human resource management (HRM), customer relationship management (CRM), collaboration software (e.g., email), and procurement solutions, but is poised to widen. Today it’s possible to have a data warehouse in the cloud that you can access with business intelligence software running as a service and connect to your cloud-based ERP like NetSuite or Microsoft Dynamics.The dollar savings can run into the millions. And SaaS installations are often installed and working in a fraction of the time of on-premises deployments—some can be ready in hours. \r\nSales and marketing people are likely familiar with Salesforce.com, the leading SaaS CRM software, with millions of users across more than 100,000 customers. Sales is going SaaS too, with apps available to support sales in order management, compensation, quote production and configure, price, quoting, electronic signatures, contract management and more.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">Why SaaS? Benefits of software as a service</span></h1>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Lower cost of entry</span>. With SaaS solution, you pay for what you need, without having to buy hardware to host your new applications. Instead of provisioning internal resources to install the software, the vendor provides APIs and performs much of the work to get their software working for you. The time to a working solution can drop from months in the traditional model to weeks, days or hours with the SaaS model. In some businesses, IT wants nothing to do with installing and running a sales app. In the case of funding software and its implementation, this can be a make-or-break issue for the sales and marketing budget, so the lower cost really makes the difference.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Reduced time to benefit/rapid prototyping</span>. In the SaaS model, the software application is already installed and configured. Users can provision the server for the cloud and quickly have the application ready for use. This cuts the time to benefit and allows for rapid demonstrations and prototyping. With many SaaS companies offering free trials, this means a painless proof of concept and discovery phase to prove the benefit to the organization. </li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Pay as you go</span>. SaaS business software gives you the benefit of predictable costs both for the subscription and to some extent, the administration. Even as you scale, you can have a clear idea of what your costs will be. This allows for much more accurate budgeting, especially as compared to the costs of internal IT to manage upgrades and address issues for an owned instance.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The SaaS vendor is responsible for upgrades, uptime and security</span>. Under the SaaS model, since the software is hosted by the vendor, they take on the responsibility for maintaining the software and upgrading it, ensuring that it is reliable and meeting agreed-upon service level agreements, and keeping the application and its data secure.&nbsp; While some IT people worry about Software as a Service security outside of the enterprise walls, the likely truth is that the vendor has a much higher level of security than the enterprise itself would provide. Many will have redundant instances in very secure data centers in multiple geographies.&nbsp; Also, the data is being automatically backed up by the vendor, providing additional security and peace of mind. Because of the data center hosting, you’re getting the added benefit of at least some disaster recovery. Lastly, the vendor manages these issues as part of their core competencies—let them.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Integration and scalability.</span> Most SaaS apps are designed to support some amount of customization for the way you do business. SaaS vendors create APIs to allow connections not only to internal applications like ERPs or CRMs but also to other SaaS providers. One of the terrific aspects of integration is that orders written in the field can be automatically sent to the ERP. Now a salesperson in the field can check inventory through the catalog, write the order in front of the customer for approval, send it and receive confirmation, all in minutes. And as you scale with a SaaS vendor, there’s no need to invest in server capacity and software licenses. </li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Work anywhere</span>. Since the software is hosted in the cloud and accessible over the internet, users can access it via mobile devices wherever they are connected. This includes checking customer order histories prior to a sales call, as well as having access to real time data and real time order taking with the customer.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">&nbsp;</p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/SaaS__1_.png","alias":"saas-software-as-a-service"},"53":{"id":53,"title":"DaaS - Desktop as a Service","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">DaaS (Desktop as a service)</span> is a cloud computing offering in which a third party hosts the back end of a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) deployment.\r\nWith DaaS services, desktop operating systems run inside virtual machines on servers in a cloud provider's data center. All the necessary support infrastructure, including storage and network resources, also lives in the cloud. As with on-premises VDI, a DaaS providers stream virtual desktops over a network to a customer's endpoint devices, where end users may access them through client software or a web browser.\r\nThough it sounds a lot like VDI, there is a vital difference between DaaS and VDI. VDI refers to when virtual desktops are served through on-premise servers maintained by in-house IT teams. It’s the traditional way to deploy and manage virtual desktops. But since it’s on-premise, VDI technology technology must be maintained, managed, and upgraded in-house whenever necessary.\r\nDaaS service on the other hand, is a cloud-based virtual desktop solution that separates virtual desktops from on-premise servers, enabling brands to leverage a third-party hosting provider. It’s like VDI, but in the cloud instead of in the back of the office. \r\nHowever, it’s not necessary to choose one or the other. These two approaches can complement each other. Some users prefer to have a DaaS desktop overlay of their VDI deployment. For example, the Desktop as a Service providers allow the user to modernize legacy applications with zero code refactoring. Not all legacy Windows apps perform well in a DaaS environment, due to latency or hardware requirements. \r\nThe modern workplace requires agility, leading to many companies embracing mobile working and Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) policies against a backdrop of increased concern about security risk, compliance requirements and the ever-present need to reduce overheads. This is why, over a decade after analysts predicted the rise of remote desktop as a service, it is now finally being taken up in volume.\r\nBy adopting Desktop as a Service, companies can address the issues associated with end-user computing while giving their staff more freedom and increasing productivity. The pain associated with managing a multitude of devices, including those not supplied by the company, is eliminated. While remaining compliant, companies can greatly reduce risks. ","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">How does desktop as a service work?</span></h1>\r\nDaaS architecture is multi-tenant, and organizations purchase the service through a subscription model -- typically based on the number of virtual desktop instances used per month.\r\nIn the desktop-as-a-service delivery model, the cloud computing provider manages the back-end responsibilities of data storage, backup, security and upgrades. While the provider handles all the back-end infrastructure costs and maintenance, customers usually manage their own virtual desktop images, applications and security, unless those desktop management services are part of the subscription.\r\nTypically, an end user's personal data is copied to and from their virtual desktop during logon and logoff, and access to the desktop is device-, location- and network-independent.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">The benefits of Desktop as a Service</h1>\r\nMany organisations are undergoing digital transformation, and modernising the workplace is often a stream within the wider strategy. In order to manage remote and multi-device workforces using DaaS, you should think about the following seven benefits and how this will change, and hopefully improve, your currently way of working.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The modern workplace.</span> Digital transformation is redefining what we think about the workplace. At the heart of this evolution is technology and the introduction of digital-first natives into the workplace. Allowing staff to work remotely, through DaaS in cloud and via their own devices is a surefire way to attract and retain the best talent.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cost.</span> As with many cloud initiatives, DaaS pricing moves from CAPEX to OPEX, leaving you more cash in the bank to spend on growing your business. Per desktop pricing enables you to know exactly what workforce expansion will cost the IT department, removing unforeseen infrastructure or hardware purchases as this is handled by the provider, who bundle everything in with the price of each desktop.Virtual machines use the compute power of the data centre rather than their local machines, placing less demand on the endpoint. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Scalability</span>. Due to the ‘...as a service’ delivery model, DaaS platform enables you to add user workstations fast and easily. This is particularly handy when your organisation utilises contract resource or temporary project teams, as there’s no hardware to procure, meaning you have the flexibility to create a desktop almost instantly and delete it when no longer required. This also puts you in control.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Control.</span> DaaS helps you manage the risks that naturally come with giving your staff the freedom to work anywhere and on any device. It enables you to control the essentials such as data access and compliance without being overly restrictive. You no longer have to worry about what data is held on a user’s device as the data remains in the data centre at all times. This gives you control over all company assets because access can be revoked with the touch of a button.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Management.</span> With an increasingly dispersed workforce, rolling out new applications or patching existing software has become more of a logistical problem than a technical one. Trying to coordinate people bringing in physical devices to be patched is a real issue for many companies, something which is eliminated completely with DaaS. You operate on one central image (or a small number of images based on persona), a change is made once, and everyone is on the latest version. It removes the need to standardise builds of end-user compute hardware as DaaS applications will run on almost any device no matter its configuration.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Security.</span> DaaS moves the security risk from hundreds of end-user devices and put it all into the controlled and managed environment of a data centre. Lost or stolen laptops no longer provide a security risk. No data is on the local machine. As DaaS removes the need to create VPNs to access applications and data held by the company it also removes the problem of users trying to bypass the security in the belief that it will make their life easier.&nbsp;","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/DaaS_-_Desktop_as_a_Service.png","alias":"daas-desktop-as-a-service"},"79":{"id":79,"title":"VM - Vulnerability management","description":"Vulnerability management is the &quot;cyclical practice of identifying, classifying, prioritizing, remediating and mitigating&quot; software vulnerabilities. Vulnerability management is integral to computer security and network security, and must not be confused with a Vulnerability assessment.\r\nVulnerability management is an ongoing process that includes proactive asset discovery, continuous monitoring, mitigation, remediation and defense tactics to protect your organization's modern IT attack surface from Cyber Exposure.\r\nVulnerabilities can be discovered with a vulnerability scanner, which analyzes a computer system in search of known vulnerabilities, such as open ports, insecure software configurations, and susceptibility to malware infections. They may also be identified by consulting public sources, such as NVD, or subscribing to a commercial vulnerability alerting services. Unknown vulnerabilities, such as a zero-day, may be found with fuzz testing, which can identify certain kinds of vulnerabilities, such as a buffer overflow with relevant test cases. Such analysis can be facilitated by test automation. In addition, antivirus software capable of heuristic analysis may discover undocumented malware if it finds software behaving suspiciously (such as attempting to overwrite a system file).\r\nCorrecting vulnerabilities may variously involve the installation of a patch, a change in network security policy, reconfiguration of software, or educating users about social engineering.\r\nNetwork vulnerabilities represent security gaps that could be abused by attackers to damage network assets, trigger a denial of service, and/or steal potentially sensitive information. Attackers are constantly looking for new vulnerabilities to exploit — and taking advantage of old vulnerabilities that may have gone unpatched.\r\nHaving a vulnerability management framework in place that regularly checks for new vulnerabilities is crucial for preventing cybersecurity breaches. Without a vulnerability testing and patch management system, old security gaps may be left on the network for extended periods of time. This gives attackers more of an opportunity to exploit vulnerabilities and carry out their attacks.\r\nOne statistic that highlights how crucial vulnerability management was featured in an Infosecurity Magazine article. According to survey data cited in the article, of the organizations that “suffered a breach, almost 60% were due to an unpatched vulnerability.” In other words, nearly 60% of the data breaches suffered by survey respondents could have been easily prevented simply by having a vulnerability management plan that would apply critical patches before attackers leveraged the vulnerability.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is vulnerability management?</span>\r\nVulnerability management is a pro-active approach to managing network security by reducing the likelihood that flaws in code or design compromise the security of an endpoint or network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What processes does vulnerability management include?</span>\r\nVulnerability management processes include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Checking for vulnerabilities:</span> This process should include regular network scanning, firewall logging, penetration testing or use of an automated tool like a vulnerability scanner.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Identifying vulnerabilities:</span> This involves analyzing network scans and pen test results, firewall logs or vulnerability scan results to find anomalies that suggest a malware attack or other malicious event has taken advantage of a security vulnerability, or could possibly do so.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Verifying vulnerabilities:</span> This process includes ascertaining whether the identified vulnerabilities could actually be exploited on servers, applications, networks or other systems. This also includes classifying the severity of a vulnerability and the level of risk it presents to the organization.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mitigating vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of figuring out how to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited before a patch is available, or in the event that there is no patch. It can involve taking the affected part of the system off-line (if it's non-critical), or various other workarounds.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Patching vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of getting patches -- usually from the vendors of the affected software or hardware -- and applying them to all the affected areas in a timely way. This is sometimes an automated process, done with patch management tools. This step also includes patch testing.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/VM_-_Vulnerability_management1.png","alias":"vm-vulnerability-management"},"204":{"id":204,"title":"Managed Detection and Response","description":" MDR, which stands for Managed Detection &amp; Response, is an all-encompassing threat detection system, which arose from the need for small/medium-sized organizations who lack resources to be able to monitor their network systems in-house. It provides a cost-effective alternative to SIEM (Security Information and Event Management).\r\nEveryday, the capabilities of attackers get more sophisticated and the volume of alerts becomes overwhelming and unmanageable. In-house teams might struggle to analyze and log data, which makes it harder than ever to determine if these threats are harmful. MDR can put a stop to attacks before they even happen. MDR technology monitors your systems and detects any unusual behavior, whilst our expert team responds to the threats detected within your business.\r\nMDR offers real-time threat intelligence, and is able to analyse behaviour which can be missed by traditional endpoint security technology. MDR also provides rapid identification of known threats, which in turn minimises overall attacks. Having remote incident investigation will minimise damage to your business, and will allow you to get back to work in no time. It’s important to note that using MDR services will allow third party access to your company's data. You need to consider working with a provider who understands and respects your data policy.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Managed Detection and Response?</span>\r\nManaged Detection and Response (MDR) is a managed cybersecurity service that provides intrusion detection of malware and malicious activity in your network, and assists in rapid incident response to eliminate those threats with succinct remediation actions. MDR typically combines a technology solution with outsourced security analysts that extend your technologies and team.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Isn’t that What MSSPs or Managed SIEMs Do?</span>\r\nNo. Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) monitor network security controls and may send alerts when anomalies are identified. MSSPs typically do not investigate the anomalies to eliminate false positives, nor do they respond to real threats. This means that abnormalities in network usage are forwarded to your IT personnel who must then dig through the data to determine if there is a real threat and what to do about it.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Doesn’t My Firewall Protect My Network?</span>\r\nFirewalls and other preventive forms of cybersecurity are very important and effective at preventing basic cyberattacks. However, over the past decade, it has become clear that preventive cybersecurity technologies are not enough to secure an organization’s network. Further, they are yet another source of alerts, log messages, and events that contribute to the “alert fatigue” being universally suffered today. Recent major hacks such as the Marriot Hack of 2018, the Anthem Hack of 2015, and the Target Hack of 2013 demonstrate how easily cybercriminals can breach networks at enterprise organizations to steal millions of credit card numbers, medical records, and other forms of PII/PHI.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Endpoint_Detection_and_Response.png","alias":"managed-detection-and-response"},"206":{"id":206,"title":"Application Security Testing","description":" Applications form the lifeline of any business today – and they are under attack more than ever before. Where previously we focused our attention on securing organizations’ network parameters, today the application level is where the focus is for attackers.\r\nAccording to Verizon’s 2014 Data Breach Investigations Report, web applications “remain the proverbial punching bag of the internet,” with about 80% of attacks in the application layer, as Gartner has stated.&nbsp; Taking proactive measures to protect your company and customer data is no longer an option: It is a business imperative for enterprises across all industries.\r\nIn 2013, the Ponemon Institute’s ‘Cost of a Data Breach Report’ found that security incidents in the U.S. averaged a total cost of $5.4 million. Preventing just one similar security incident would more than cover the cost of application security and prove your security programs value.\r\nApplication Security is built around the concept of ensuring that the code written for an application does what it was built to do, and keeps the contained data secure.\r\nAccording to Gartner, application security puts a primary focus on three elements:\r\n<ul><li>Reducing security vulnerabilities and risks</li><li>Improving security features and functions such as authentication, encryption or auditing</li><li>Integrating with the enterprise security infrastructure</li></ul>","materialsDescription":" Security testing techniques scour for vulnerabilities or security holes in applications. These vulnerabilities leave applications open to exploitation. Ideally, security testing is implemented throughout the entire software development life cycle (SDLC) so that vulnerabilities may be addressed in a timely and thorough manner. Unfortunately, testing is often conducted as an afterthought at the end of the development cycle. With the growth of Continuous delivery and DevOps as popular software development and deployment models, continuous security models are becoming more popular.\r\nVulnerability scanners, and more specifically web application scanners, otherwise known as penetration testing tools (i.e. ethical hacking tools) have been historically used by security organizations within corporations and security consultants to automate the security testing of http request/responses; however, this is not a substitute for the need for actual source code review. Physical code reviews of an application's source code can be accomplished manually or in an automated fashion. Given the common size of individual programs (often 500,000 lines of code or more), the human brain cannot execute a comprehensive data flow analysis needed in order to completely check all circuitous paths of an application program to find vulnerability points. The human brain is suited more for filtering, interrupting and reporting the outputs of automated source code analysis tools available commercially versus trying to trace every possible path through a compiled code base to find the root cause level vulnerabilities.\r\nThere are many kinds of automated tools for identifying vulnerabilities in applications. Some require a great deal of security expertise to use and others are designed for fully automated use. The results are dependent on the types of information (source, binary, HTTP traffic, configuration, libraries, connections) provided to the tool, the quality of the analysis, and the scope of vulnerabilities covered. Common technologies used for identifying application vulnerabilities include:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Static Application Security Testing (SAST)</span> is a technology that is frequently used as a Source Code Analysis tool. The method analyzes source code for security vulnerabilities prior to the launch of an application and is used to strengthen code. This method produces fewer false positives but for most implementations requires access to an application's source code and requires expert configuration and lots of processing power.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)</span> is a technology, which is able to find visible vulnerabilities by feeding a URL into an automated scanner. This method is highly scalable, easily integrated and quick. DAST's drawbacks lie in the need for expert configuration and the high possibility of false positives and negatives.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)</span> is a solution that assesses applications from within using software instrumentation. This technique allows IAST to combine the strengths of both SAST and DAST methods as well as providing access to code, HTTP traffic, library information, backend connections and configuration information. Some IAST products require the application to be attacked, while others can be used during normal quality assurance testing.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Application_Security_Testing1.png","alias":"application-security-testing"},"467":{"id":467,"title":"Network Forensics","description":" Network forensics is a sub-branch of digital forensics relating to the monitoring and analysis of computer network traffic for the purposes of information gathering, legal evidence, or intrusion detection. Unlike other areas of digital forensics, network investigations deal with volatile and dynamic information. Network traffic is transmitted and then lost, so network forensics is often a pro-active investigation.\r\nNetwork forensics generally has two uses. The first, relating to security, involves monitoring a network for anomalous traffic and identifying intrusions. An attacker might be able to erase all log files on a compromised host; network-based evidence might therefore be the only evidence available for forensic analysis. The second form relates to law enforcement. In this case analysis of captured network traffic can include tasks such as reassembling transferred files, searching for keywords and parsing human communication such as emails or chat sessions.\r\nTwo systems are commonly used to collect network data; a brute force &quot;catch it as you can&quot; and a more intelligent &quot;stop look listen&quot; method.\r\nNetwork forensics is a comparatively new field of forensic science. The growing popularity of the Internet in homes means that computing has become network-centric and data is now available outside of disk-based digital evidence. Network forensics can be performed as a standalone investigation or alongside a computer forensics analysis (where it is often used to reveal links between digital devices or reconstruct how a crime was committed).\r\nMarcus Ranum is credited with defining Network forensics as &quot;the capture, recording, and analysis of network events in order to discover the source of security attacks or other problem incidents&quot;.\r\nCompared to computer forensics, where evidence is usually preserved on disk, network data is more volatile and unpredictable. Investigators often only have material to examine if packet filters, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems were set up to anticipate breaches of security.\r\nSystems used to collect network data for forensics use usually come in two forms:\r\n<ul><li>&quot;Catch-it-as-you-can&quot; – This is where all packets passing through a certain traffic point are captured and written to storage with analysis being done subsequently in batch mode. This approach requires large amounts of storage.</li><li>&quot;Stop, look and listen&quot; – This is where each packet is analyzed in a rudimentary way in memory and only certain information saved for future analysis. This approach requires a faster processor to keep up with incoming traffic.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is network forensics important?</span>\r\nNetwork forensics is important because so many common attacks entail some type of misuse of network resources.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the different ways in which the network can be attacked?</span>\r\nAttacks typically target availability confidentiality and integrity. Loss of any one of these items constitutes a security breach.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Where is the best place to search for information?</span>\r\nInformation can be found by either doing a live analysis of the network, analyzing IDS information, or examining logs that can be found in routers and servers.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How does a forensic analyst know how deeply to look for information?</span>\r\nSome amount of information can be derived from looking at the skill level of the attacker. Attackers with little skill are much less likely to use advanced hiding techniques.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Network_Forensics.png","alias":"network-forensics"},"485":{"id":485,"title":"Web security","description":" Web security basically means protecting a website or web application by detecting, preventing and responding to cyber threats.\r\nWebsites and web applications are just as prone to security breaches as physical homes, stores, and government locations. Unfortunately, cybercrime happens every day, and great web security measures are needed to protect websites and web applications from becoming compromised.\r\nThat’s exactly what web security does – it is a system of protection measures and protocols that can protect your website or web application from being hacked or entered by unauthorized personnel. This integral division of Information Security is vital to the protection of websites, web applications, and web services. Anything that is applied over the Internet should have some form of web security to protect it.\r\nThere are a lot of factors that go into web security and web protection. Any website or application that is secure is surely backed by different types of checkpoints and techniques for keeping it safe.\r\nThere are a variety of security standards that must be followed at all times, and these standards are implemented and highlighted by the OWASP. Most experienced web developers from top cybersecurity companies will follow the standards of the OWASP as well as keep a close eye on the Web Hacking Incident Database to see when, how, and why different people are hacking different websites and services.\r\nEssential steps in protecting web apps from attacks include applying up-to-date encryption, setting proper authentication, continuously patching discovered vulnerabilities, avoiding data theft by having secure software development practices. The reality is that clever attackers may be competent enough to find flaws even in a fairly robust secured environment, and so a holistic security strategy is advised.\r\nThere are different types of technologies available for maintaining the best security standards. Some popular technical solutions for testing, building, and preventing threats include black and white box testing tools, fuzzing tools, WAF, security or vulnerability scanners, password cracking tools, and so on.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Malware?</span>\r\nThe name malware is short for ‘malicioussoftware’. Malware includes any software program that has been created to perform an unauthorised — and often harmful — action on a user’s device. Examples of malware include:\r\n<ul><li>Computer viruses</li><li>Word and Excel macro viruses</li><li>Boot sector viruses</li><li>Script viruses — including batch, Windows shell, Java and others</li><li>Keyloggers</li><li>Password stealers</li><li>Backdoor Trojan viruses</li><li>Other Trojan viruses</li><li>Crimeware</li><li>Spyware</li><li>Adware... and many other types of malicious software programs</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is the difference between a computer virus and a worm?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Computer virus.</span> This is a type of malicious program that can replicate itself — so that it can spread from file to file on a computer, and can also spread from one computer to another. Computer viruses are often programmed to perform damaging actions — such as corrupting or deleting data. The longer a virus remains undetected on your machine, the greater the number of infected files that may be on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Worms.</span> Worms are generally considered to be a subset of computer viruses — but with some specific differences:\r\n<ul><li>A worm is a computer program that replicates, but does not infect other files.</li><li>The worm will install itself once on a computer — and then look for a way to spread to other computers.</li><li>Whereas a virus is a set of code that adds itself to existing files, a worm exists as a separate, standalone file.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Trojan virus?</span>\r\nA Trojan is effectively a program that pretends to be legitimate software — but, when launched, it will perform a harmful action. Unlike computer viruses and worms, Trojans cannot spread by themselves. Typically, Trojans are installed secretly and they deliver their malicious payload without the user’s knowledge.\r\nCybercriminals use many different types of Trojans — and each has been designed to perform a specific malicious function. The most common are:\r\n<ul><li>Backdoor Trojans (these often include a keylogger)</li><li>Trojan Spies</li><li>Password stealing Trojans</li><li>Trojan Proxies — that convert your computer into a spam distribution machine</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Why are Trojan viruses called Trojans?</span>\r\nIn Greek mythology — during the Trojan war — the Greeks used subterfuge to enter the city of Troy. The Greeks constructed a massive wooden horse — and, unaware that the horse contained Greek soldiers, the Trojans pulled the horse into the city. At night, the Greek soldiers escaped from the horse and opened the city gates — for the Greek army to enter Troy.\r\nToday, Trojan viruses use subterfuge to enter unsuspecting users’ computers and devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Keylogger?</span>\r\nA keylogger is a program that can record what you type on your computer keyboard. Criminals use keyloggers to obtain confidential data — such as login details, passwords, credit card numbers, PINs and other items. Backdoor Trojans typically include an integrated keylogger.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Phishing?</span>\r\nPhishing is a very specific type of cybercrime that is designed to trick you into disclosing valuable information — such as details about your bank account or credit cards. Often, cybercriminals will create a fake website that looks just like a legitimate site — such as a bank’s official website. The cybercriminal will try to trick you into visiting their fake site — typically by sending you an email that contains a hyperlink to the fake site. When you visit the fake website, it will generally ask you to type in confidential data — such as your login, password or PIN.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Spyware?</span>\r\nSpyware is software that is designed to collect your data and send it to a third party — without your knowledge or consent. Spyware programs will often:\r\n<ul><li>Monitor the keys you press on your keyboard — using a keylogger</li><li>Collect confidential information — such as your passwords, credit card numbers, PIN numbers and more</li><li>Gather — or ‘harvest’ — email addresses from your computer</li><li>Track your Internet browsing habits</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Rootkit?</span>\r\nRootkits are programs that hackers use in order to evade detection while trying to gain unauthorised access to a computer. Rootkits have been used increasingly as a form of stealth to hide Trojan virus activity. When installed on a computer, rootkits are invisible to the user and also take steps to avoid being detected by security software.\r\nThe fact that many people log into their computers with administrator rights — rather than creating a separate account with restricted access — makes it easier for cybercriminals to install a rootkit.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Botnet?</span>\r\nA botnet is a network of computers controlled by cybercriminals using a Trojan virus or other malicious program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a DDoS attack?</span>\r\nA Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack is similar to a DoS. However, a DDoS attack is conducted using multiple machines. Usually, for a DDoS attack, the hacker will use one security compromised computer as the ‘master’ machine that co-ordinates the attack by other ‘zombie machines’. Typically, the cybercriminal will compromise the security on the master and all of the zombie machines, by exploiting a vulnerability in an application on each computer — to install a Trojan or other piece of malicious code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/security-web-application-security.png","alias":"web-security"},"727":{"id":727,"title":"IT Security Audit","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">computer security audit</span> is a manual or systematic measurable technical assessment of a system or application. Manual assessments include interviewing staff, performing security vulnerability scans, reviewing application and operating system access controls, and analyzing physical access to the systems. Automated assessments, or CAAT's, include system generated audit reports or using software to monitor and report changes to files and settings on a system. Systems can include personal computers, servers, mainframes, network routers, switches.\r\nAt its root, an <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">IT security audit</span> includes two different assessments. The manual assessment occurs when an internal or external IT security audit companies interview employees, reviews access controls, analyzes physical access to hardware, and performs vulnerability scans. \r\nAudit, performed by IT security audit services or IT security audit software, analyzes individual technical infrastructure components at a detailed level, ensuring that each is functioning in a manner that reinforces appropriate information security. The stakes are made higher with a number of regulatory compliance requirements mandating that IT audits be included in organizational due diligence efforts. These reviews should occur, at a minimum, annually. Some organizations, however, prefer to do them more frequently.\r\nOrganizations should also review system-generated reports. Automated assessments not only incorporate that data, but also respond to software monitoring reports and changes to server and file settings.\r\nSecurity audits, vulnerability assessments, and penetration testing are the <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">three main types of security diagnostics. </span>Each of the three takes a different approach and may be best suited for a particular purpose. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Security audits</span> measure an information system's performance against a list of criteria. \r\nA <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">vulnerability assessment,</span> on the other hand, involves a comprehensive study of an entire information system, seeking potential security weaknesses. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Penetration testing</span> is a covert operation, in which a security expert tries a number of attacks to ascertain whether or not a system could withstand the same types of attacks from a malicious hacker. In penetration testing, the feigned attack can include anything a real attacker might try, such as social engineering. Each of the approaches has inherent strengths, and using two or more of them in conjunction may be the most effective approach of all.\r\n\r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a security audit?</span></h1>\r\nA Security Audit is a process or event where the IT security policy or standards are used as a basis to determine the overall state of existing protection and to verify whether existing protection is being performed properly. It aims to determine whether the current environment is securely protected in accordance with the defined IT security policy.<br />Before performing a security assessment or audit, the organization should define the scope of the security audit, and the budget and duration allowed for the assessment/audit.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How often should a security audit be performed?</span></h1>\r\nA security audit only provides a snapshot of the vulnerabilities in a system at a particular point in time. As technology and the business environment changes, periodic and ongoing reviews will inevitably be required. Depending on the criticality of the business, a security audit might be conducted yearly, or every two years.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who should perform a security audit?</span></h1>\r\nA security audit is a complex task requiring skilled and experienced personnel; it must be planned carefully. To perform the audit an independent and trusted third party is recommended. This third party can be another group of in-house staff or an external audit team, dependent on the skills of the internal staff and the criticality/sensitivity of the information being audited.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Security_Audit.png","alias":"it-security-audit"},"791":{"id":791,"title":"Vulnerability Scanner","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">vulnerability scanner</span> is a computer program designed to assess computers, network vulnerability or applications for known weaknesses. In plain words, these scanners are used to discover the weaknesses of a given system. They are utilized in the identification and detection of vulnerabilities arising from mis-configurations or flawed programming within a network-based asset such as a firewall, router, web server, application server, etc. They&nbsp; are typically available as SaaS (Software as a service); provided over the internet and delivered as a web application. \r\nMost vulnerability scanners will also attempt to log in to systems using default or other credentials in order to build a more detailed picture of the system. After building up an inventory, the vulnerability scanner checks each item in the inventory against one or more databases of known vulnerabilities to see if any items are subject to any of these vulnerabilities. The result of such scan is a systems vulnerability analysis, highlighting any that have known vulnerabilities that may need threat and vulnerability management.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How vulnerability scanning works</span>. Vulnerability scanning finds systems and software that have known security vulnerabilities, but this information is only useful to IT security teams when it is used as the first part of a four-part vulnerability management process. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Vulnerability management process involves:</span>\r\n<ul><li>Identification of vulnerabilities</li><li>Evaluation of the risk posed by any vulnerabilities identified</li><li>Treatment of any identified vulnerabilities</li><li>Reporting on vulnerabilities and how they have been handled</li></ul>\r\n<br /><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of vulnerability scans. </span>Not all vulnerability scans are alike, and to ensure compliance with certain regulations (such as those set by the PCI Security Standards Council) it is necessary to carry out two distinct types of vulnerability scans: an internal and an external vulnerability scan. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">External vulnerability scan.</span> As the name suggests, an external vulnerability scan is carried out from outside an organization's network, and its principal purpose is to detect vulnerabilities in the perimeter defenses such as open ports in the network firewall or specialized web application firewall. An external vulnerability scan can help organizations fix security issues that could enable hackers to gain access to the organization's network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Internal vulnerability scan. </span>By contrast, an internal vulnerability scan is carried out from inside an organization's perimeter defenses. Its purpose is to detect vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers who successfully penetrate the perimeter defenses, or equally by &quot;insider threats&quot; such as contractors or disgruntled employees who have legitimate access to parts of the network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans.</span> A similar but not always identical variation of internal and external vulnerability scans is the concept of unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans. Unauthenticated scans, like external scans, search for weaknesses in the network perimeter, while authenticated scans&nbsp; provide vulnerability scanners with various privileged credentials, allowing them to probe the inside of the network for weak passwords, configuration issues, and misconfigured databases or applications.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is Vulnerability Assessment?</h1>\r\nVulnerability Assessment is also known as Vulnerability Testing, is a vulnerability scanning software performed to evaluate the security risks in the software system in order to reduce the probability of a threat. Vulnerability Analysis depends upon two mechanisms namely Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT).\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of a vulnerability scanner:</span></p>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Host Based. </span>Identifies the issues in the host or the system. The process is carried out by using host-based scanners and diagnose the vulnerabilities. The host-based tools will load a mediator software onto the target system; it will trace the event and report it to the security analyst.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Network-Based.</span> It will detect the open port, and identify the unknown services running on these ports. Then it will disclose possible vulnerabilities associated with these services. This process is done by using Network-based Scanners.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Database-Based.</span> It will identify the security exposure in the database systems using tools and techniques to prevent from SQL Injections. (SQL Injections: - Injecting SQL statements into the database by the malicious users, which can read the sensitive data's from a database and can update the data in the Database.)\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How vulnerability scanners works?</h1>\r\nVulnerability scanning is an inspection of the potential points of exploit on a computer or network to identify security holes.\r\nA security scan detects and classifies system weaknesses in computers, networks and communications equipment and predicts the effectiveness of countermeasures. A scan may be performed by an organization’s IT department or a security service provide, possibly as a condition imposed by some authority.&nbsp; Vulnerability scans are also used by attackers looking for points of entry.\r\nA vulnerability scanner runs from the end point of the person inspecting the attack surface in question. The software compares details about the target attack surface to a database of information about known security holes in services and ports, anomalies in packet construction, and potential paths to exploitable programs or scripts. The scanner software attempts to exploit each vulnerability that is discovered.\r\nRunning a vulnerability scan can pose its own risks as it is inherently intrusive on the target machine’s running code. As a result, the scan can cause issues such as errors and reboots, reducing productivity.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How to choose the best vulnerability scanning tool?</h1>\r\nWhen researching vulnerability scanners, it's important to find out how they're rated for accuracy (the most important metric) as well as reliability, scalability and reporting. If accuracy is lacking, you'll end up running two different scanners, hoping that one picks up vulnerabilities that the other misses. This adds cost and effort to the scanning process. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Software-Based Vulnerability Scanners.</span> These types of scanning products generally include configuration auditing, target profiling, penetration testing and detailed vulnerability analysis. They integrate with Windows products, such as Microsoft System Center, to provide intelligent patch management; some work with mobile device managers. They can scan not only physical network devices, servers and workstations, but extend to virtual machines, BYOD mobile devices and databases.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud-Based Vulnerability Scanners: </span>Continuous, On-Demand Monitoring. A newer type of vulnerability finder&nbsp; is delivered on-demand as Software as a Service (SaaS). Like software-based scanners, on-demand scanners incorporate links for downloading vendor patches and updates for identified vulnerabilities, reducing remediation effort. These services also include scanning thresholds to prevent overloading devices during the scanning process, which can cause devices to crash.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is mobile application security scanner?</h1>\r\nMobile application security testing can help ensure there aren’t any loopholes in the software that may cause data loss. The sets of tests are meant to attack the app to identify possible threats and vulnerabilities that would allow external persons or systems to access private information stored on the mobile device. \r\nMobile application vulnerability scanner can help to ensure that applications are free from the flaws and weaknesses that hackers use to gain access to sensitive information. From backdoors, malicious code and other threats, these flaws may be present both in commercial and open source applications as well as software developed in-house.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Vulnerability_Scanner.png","alias":"vulnerability-scanner"},"834":{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security"},"840":{"id":840,"title":"ICS/SCADA Cyber Security","description":"SCADA security is the practice of protecting supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) networks, a common framework of control systems used in industrial operations. These networks are responsible for providing automated control and remote human management of essential commodities and services such as water, natural gas, electricity and transportation to millions of people. They can also be used to improve the efficiencies and quality in other less essential (but some would say very important!) real-world processes such as snowmaking for ski resorts and beer brewing. SCADA is one of the most common types of industrial control systems (ICS).\r\nThese networks, just like any other network, are under threat from cyber-attacks that could bring down any part of the nation's critical infrastructure quickly and with dire consequences if the right security is not in place. Capital expenditure is another key concern; SCADA systems can cost an organization from tens of thousands to millions of dollars. For these reasons, it is essential that organizations implement robust SCADA security measures to protect their infrastructure and the millions of people that would be affected by the disruption caused by an external attack or internal error.\r\nSCADA security has evolved dramatically in recent years. Before computers, the only way to monitor a SCADA network was to deploy several people to each station to report back on the state of each system. In busier stations, technicians were stationed permanently to manually operate the network and communicate over telephone wires.\r\nIt wasn't until the introduction of the local area network (LAN) and improvements in system miniaturization that we started to see advances in SCADA development such as the distributed SCADA network. Next came networked systems that were able to communicate over a wide area network (WAN) and connect many more components together.\r\nFrom local companies to federal governments, every business or organization that works with SCADA systems are vulnerable to SCADA security threats. These threats can have wide-reaching effects on both the economy and the community. Specific threats to SCADA networks include the following:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Hackers.</span> Individuals or groups with malicious intent could bring a SCADA network to its knees. By gaining access to key SCADA components, hackers could unleash chaos on an organization that can range from a disruption in services to cyber warfare.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Malware.</span> Malware, including viruses, spyware and ransomware can pose a risk to SCADA systems. While malware may not be able to specifically target the network itself, it can still pose a threat to the key infrastructure that helps to manage the SCADA network. This includes mobile SCADA applications that are used to monitor and manage SCADA systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Terrorists.</span> Where hackers are usually motivated by sordid gain, terrorists are driven by the desire to cause as much mayhem and damage as possible.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Employees.</span> Insider threats can be just as damaging as external threats. From human error to a disgruntled employee or contractor, it is essential that SCADA security addresses these risks.\r\nManaging today's SCADA networks can be a challenge without the right security precautions in place. Many networks are still without the necessary detection and monitoring systems and this leaves them vulnerable to attack. Because SCADA network attacks exploit both cyber and physical vulnerabilities, it is critical to align cybersecurity measures accordingly.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the difference between ICS/SCADA cybersecurity and information security?</span>\r\nAutomated process control systems (SCADA) have a lot of differences from “traditional” corporate information systems: from the destination, specific data transfer protocols and equipment used and ending with the environment in which they operate. In corporate networks and systems, as a rule, the main protected resource is information that is processed, transmitted and stored in automated systems, and the main goal is to ensure its confidentiality. In ICS, the protected resource, first of all, is the technological process itself, and the main goal is to ensure its continuity (accessibility of all nodes) and integrity (including information transmitted between the nodes of the ICS). Moreover, the field of potential risks and threats to ICS, in comparison with corporate systems, expands with risks of potential damage to life and health of personnel and the public, damage to the environment and infrastructure. That is why it is incorrect to talk about “information security” in relation to ICS/SCADA. In English sources, the term “cybersecurity” is used for this, a direct translation of which (cybersecurity) is increasingly found in our market in relation to the protection of process control systems.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Is it really necessary?</span>\r\nIt is necessary. There are a number of myths about process control systems, for example: “process control systems are completely isolated from the outside world”, “process control systems are too specific for someone to crack”, “process control systems are reliably protected by the developer”, or even “No one will ever try us, hacking us is not interesting. ” All this is no longer true. Many modern distributed process control systems have one or another connection with the corporate network, even if the system owners are unaware of this. Communication with the outside world greatly simplifies the task of the attacker, but does not remain the only possible option. Automated process control software and data transfer protocols are, as a rule, very, very insecure against cyber threats. This is evidenced by numerous articles and reports of experts involved in the study of the protection of industrial control systems and penetration tests. The PHDays III section on hacking automated process control systems impressed even ardent skeptics. Well, and, of course, the argument “they have NOT attacked us, therefore they will not” - can hardly be considered seriously. Everyone has heard about Stuxnet, which dispelled almost all the myths about the safety of ICS at once.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who needs this?</span>\r\nWith the phrase ICS/SCADA, most imagine huge plants, automated CNC machines or something similar. However, the application of process control systems is not limited to these objects - in the modern age of automation, process control systems are used everywhere: from large production facilities, the oil and gas industry, transport management to smart home systems. And, by the way, with the protection of the latter, as a rule, everything can be much worse, because the developer silently and imperceptibly shifts responsibility to the shoulders of the user.\r\nOf course, some of the objects with automated process control systems are more interesting for attackers, others less. But, given the ever-growing number of vulnerabilities discovered and published in the ICS, the spread of &quot;exclusive&quot; (written for specific protocols and ICS software) malware, considering your system safe &quot;by default&quot; is unreasonable.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Are ICS and SCADA the same thing?</span>\r\nNo. SCADA systems (supervisory control and data acquisition, supervisory control and data collection) are part of the control system. Usually, a SCADA system means centralized control and management systems with the participation of a person as a whole system or a complex of industrial control systems. SCADA is the central link between people (human-machine interfaces) and PLC levels (programmable logic controller) or RTU (remote terminal unit).\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is ICS/SCADA cybersecurity?</span>\r\nIn fact, ICS cybersecurity is a process similar to “information security” in a number of properties, but very different in details. And the devil, as you know, lies in them. ICS/SCADA also has similar information security-related processes: asset inventory, risk analysis and assessment, threat analysis, security management, change management, incident response, continuity, etc. But these processes themselves are different.<br />The cyber security of ICSs has the same basic target qualities - confidentiality, integrity and accessibility, but the significance and point of application for them are completely different. It should be remembered that in ICS/SCADA we, first of all, protect the technological process. Beyond this - from the risks of damage to human health and life and the environment.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_SCADA_Cyber_Security.png","alias":"icsscada-cyber-security"}},"branches":"Information Technology","companyUrl":"https://www.immunitysec.com/","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":true,"isSupplier":true,"isVendor":true,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"Immunity Inc.","keywords":"","description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity </span>was founded in 2002 and was immediately noticed for its breakthrough technologies and industry-recognized team. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity </span>has since evolved into a global leader in the ass","og:title":"Immunity Inc.","og:description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity </span>was founded in 2002 and was immediately noticed for its breakthrough technologies and industry-recognized team. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Immunity </span>has since evolved into a global leader in the ass","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/immunity.jpg"},"eventUrl":"","vendorPartners":[],"supplierPartners":[],"vendoredProducts":[{"id":4546,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/canvas-logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Immunity CANVAS","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"immunity-canvas","companyTitle":"Immunity Inc.","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":6966,"companyAlias":"immunity-inc","description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Single Installation License</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>includes one year of our standard monthly updates and support</li><li>unrestricted (no target IP address limitations)</li><li>full source code</li><li>Supported Platforms and Installations</li><li>Windows (requires Python &amp; PyGTK)</li><li>Linux</li><li>All other Python environments such as mobile phones and commercial Unixes (command line version only supported, GUI may also be available)</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Architecture</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>CANVAS' completely open design allows a team to adapt CANVAS to their environment and needs.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Documentation</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>all documentation is delivered in the form of demonstration movies</li><li>exploit modules have additional information</li><li>currently over 800 exploits</li></ul>\r\nImmunity carefully selects vulnerabilities for inclusion as CANVAS exploits. Top priorities are high-value vulnerabilities such as remote, pre-authentication, and new vulnerabilities in mainstream software.\r\nExploits span all common platforms and applications\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Payload Options</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>to provide maximum reliability, exploits always attempt to reuse socket</li><li>if socket reuse is not suitable, connect-back is used</li><li>subsequent MOSDEF session allows arbitrary code execution, and provides a listener shell for common actions (file management, screenshots, etc)</li><li>bouncing and split-bouncing automatically available via MOSDEF</li><li>adjustable covertness level</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Exploit Delivery</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>regular monthly updates made available via web</li><li>exploit modules and CANVAS engine are updated simultaneously</li><li>customers reminded of monthly updates via email</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Exploit Creation Time</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>exploits included in next release as soon as they are stable</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Effectiveness of Exploits</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>all exploits fully QA'd prior to release</li><li>exploits demonstrated via flash movies</li><li>exploit development team available via direct email for support</li><li>Ability to make Custom Exploits</li><li>unique MOSDEF development environment allows rapid exploit development</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Product Support and Maintenance</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>subscriptions include email and phone support M-F 9am - 5pm EST, directly with development team</li><li>minimum monthly updates</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Development</span></p>\r\nCANVAS is a platform that is designed to allow easy development of other security products. Examples include DSquare's D2 Exploitation Pack, Intevydis' VulnDisco, Gleg's Agora and SCADA.<br />CANVAS Early Updates Program\r\nImmunity CANVAS is heavily QA'd and on a monthly release cycle, however a select number of Immunity's clients rely on up-to-the-minute vulnerability information as Immunity produces material. Immunity is often first to market with new exploits and proof of concept exploit code following &quot;Microsoft Tuesdays&quot;. \r\nUntil they are included in the next reliable monthly release of CANVAS Professional, these codes are available through the CANVAS Early Updates program. \r\nThis code is often proof-of-concept early research, however its early availability allows our research team to share its results as soon as it is produced.\r\nCANVAS Early Updates customers include IDS vendors, vulnerability assessment vendors, and professional services organizations. End-users are provided with an increased level of confidence in our subscribers' products as they are able to verify protection or existence of a new vulnerability within hours of its announcement.<br /><br />","shortDescription":"Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":18,"sellingCount":9,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Immunity CANVAS","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center","og:title":"Immunity CANVAS","og:description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/canvas-logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4547,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":79,"title":"VM - Vulnerability management","alias":"vm-vulnerability-management","description":"Vulnerability management is the &quot;cyclical practice of identifying, classifying, prioritizing, remediating and mitigating&quot; software vulnerabilities. Vulnerability management is integral to computer security and network security, and must not be confused with a Vulnerability assessment.\r\nVulnerability management is an ongoing process that includes proactive asset discovery, continuous monitoring, mitigation, remediation and defense tactics to protect your organization's modern IT attack surface from Cyber Exposure.\r\nVulnerabilities can be discovered with a vulnerability scanner, which analyzes a computer system in search of known vulnerabilities, such as open ports, insecure software configurations, and susceptibility to malware infections. They may also be identified by consulting public sources, such as NVD, or subscribing to a commercial vulnerability alerting services. Unknown vulnerabilities, such as a zero-day, may be found with fuzz testing, which can identify certain kinds of vulnerabilities, such as a buffer overflow with relevant test cases. Such analysis can be facilitated by test automation. In addition, antivirus software capable of heuristic analysis may discover undocumented malware if it finds software behaving suspiciously (such as attempting to overwrite a system file).\r\nCorrecting vulnerabilities may variously involve the installation of a patch, a change in network security policy, reconfiguration of software, or educating users about social engineering.\r\nNetwork vulnerabilities represent security gaps that could be abused by attackers to damage network assets, trigger a denial of service, and/or steal potentially sensitive information. Attackers are constantly looking for new vulnerabilities to exploit — and taking advantage of old vulnerabilities that may have gone unpatched.\r\nHaving a vulnerability management framework in place that regularly checks for new vulnerabilities is crucial for preventing cybersecurity breaches. Without a vulnerability testing and patch management system, old security gaps may be left on the network for extended periods of time. This gives attackers more of an opportunity to exploit vulnerabilities and carry out their attacks.\r\nOne statistic that highlights how crucial vulnerability management was featured in an Infosecurity Magazine article. According to survey data cited in the article, of the organizations that “suffered a breach, almost 60% were due to an unpatched vulnerability.” In other words, nearly 60% of the data breaches suffered by survey respondents could have been easily prevented simply by having a vulnerability management plan that would apply critical patches before attackers leveraged the vulnerability.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is vulnerability management?</span>\r\nVulnerability management is a pro-active approach to managing network security by reducing the likelihood that flaws in code or design compromise the security of an endpoint or network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What processes does vulnerability management include?</span>\r\nVulnerability management processes include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Checking for vulnerabilities:</span> This process should include regular network scanning, firewall logging, penetration testing or use of an automated tool like a vulnerability scanner.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Identifying vulnerabilities:</span> This involves analyzing network scans and pen test results, firewall logs or vulnerability scan results to find anomalies that suggest a malware attack or other malicious event has taken advantage of a security vulnerability, or could possibly do so.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Verifying vulnerabilities:</span> This process includes ascertaining whether the identified vulnerabilities could actually be exploited on servers, applications, networks or other systems. This also includes classifying the severity of a vulnerability and the level of risk it presents to the organization.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mitigating vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of figuring out how to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited before a patch is available, or in the event that there is no patch. It can involve taking the affected part of the system off-line (if it's non-critical), or various other workarounds.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Patching vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of getting patches -- usually from the vendors of the affected software or hardware -- and applying them to all the affected areas in a timely way. This is sometimes an automated process, done with patch management tools. This step also includes patch testing.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/VM_-_Vulnerability_management1.png"},{"id":793,"title":"Web Application Vulnerability Scanner","alias":"web-application-vulnerability-scanner","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">web application vulnerability scanner,</span> also known as a <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">web application security scanner,</span> is an automated security tool. It scans web applications for malware, vulnerabilities, and logical flaws. Web application scanner use black box tests, as these tests do not require access to the source code but instead launch external attacks to test for security vulnerabilities. These simulated attacks can detect path traversal, cross-site scripting(XSS), and command injection.\r\nWeb app scanners are categorized as <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tools.</span> DAST tools provide insight into how your web applications behave while they are in production, enabling your business to address potential vulnerabilities before a hacker uses them to stage an attack. As your web applications evolve, DAST solutions continue to scan them so that your business can promptly identify and remediate emerging issues before they develop into serious risks.\r\nWeb app vulnerability scanner first crawls the entire website, analyzing in-depth each file it finds, and displaying the entire website structure. After this discovery stage, it performs an automatic audit for common security vulnerabilities by launching a series of Web attacks. Web application scanners check for vulnerabilities on the Web server, proxy server, Web application server and even on other Web services. Unlike source code scanners, web application scanners don't have access to the source code and therefore detect vulnerabilities by actually performing attacks.\r\nA web application vulnerability assessment is very different than a general vulnerability assessment where security focus on networks and hosts. App vulnerability scanner scans ports, connect to services, and use other techniques to gather information revealing the patch levels, configurations, and potential exposures of our infrastructure.\r\nAutomated web application scanning tools help the user making sure the whole website is properly crawled, and that no input or parameter is left unchecked.&nbsp; Automated web vulnerability scanners also help in finding a high percentage of the technical vulnerabilities, and give you a very good overview of the website’s structure, and security status.&nbsp; \r\nThe best way to identify web application security threats is to perform web application vulnerability assessment. The importance of these threats could leave your organization exposed if they are not properly identified and mitigated. Therefore, implementing a web app security scanner solution should be of paramount importance for your organizations security plans in the future. \r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">Why Web Application Vulnerability Scanning is important?</h1>\r\nWeb applications are the technological base of modern companies. That’s why more and more businesses are betting on the development of this type of digital platforms. They stand out because they allow to automate processes, simplify tasks, be more efficient and offer a better service to the customer.<br /><br />The objective of web applications is that the user completes a task, be it buying, making a bank transaction, accessing e-mail, editing photos, texts, among many other things. In fact, they are very useful for an endless number of services, hence their popularity. Their disadvantages are few, but there is one that requires special attention: vulnerabilities.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Main web application security risks</span></p>\r\nA web vulnerability scanner tools will help you keep your services protected. However, it is important to be aware of the major security risks that exist so that both developers and security professionals are always alert and can find the most appropriate solutions in a timely manner.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Injection</span></li></ul>\r\nThis is a vulnerability that affects the application databases. They occur when unreliable data is sent to an interpreter by means of a command or query. The attacker may inject malicious code to disrupt the normal operation of the application by making it access the data without authorization or execute involuntary commands.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Authentication failures</span></li></ul>\r\nIf a vulnerability scan in web applications finds a failure, it may be due to loss of authentication. This is a critical vulnerability, as it allows the attacker to impersonate another user. This can compromise important data such as usernames, passwords, session tokens, and more.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Sensitive data exposure</span></li></ul>\r\nA serious risk is the exposure of sensitive data especially financial information such as credit cards or account numbers, personal data such as place of residence, or health-related information. If an attacker scans for this type of vulnerability, he or she may modify or steal this data and use it fraudulently. Therefore, it is essential to use a web app scanning tools to find vulnerabilities in web applications.<br /><br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Web_Application_Vulnerability_Scanner.png"},{"id":791,"title":"Vulnerability Scanner","alias":"vulnerability-scanner","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">vulnerability scanner</span> is a computer program designed to assess computers, network vulnerability or applications for known weaknesses. In plain words, these scanners are used to discover the weaknesses of a given system. They are utilized in the identification and detection of vulnerabilities arising from mis-configurations or flawed programming within a network-based asset such as a firewall, router, web server, application server, etc. They&nbsp; are typically available as SaaS (Software as a service); provided over the internet and delivered as a web application. \r\nMost vulnerability scanners will also attempt to log in to systems using default or other credentials in order to build a more detailed picture of the system. After building up an inventory, the vulnerability scanner checks each item in the inventory against one or more databases of known vulnerabilities to see if any items are subject to any of these vulnerabilities. The result of such scan is a systems vulnerability analysis, highlighting any that have known vulnerabilities that may need threat and vulnerability management.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How vulnerability scanning works</span>. Vulnerability scanning finds systems and software that have known security vulnerabilities, but this information is only useful to IT security teams when it is used as the first part of a four-part vulnerability management process. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Vulnerability management process involves:</span>\r\n<ul><li>Identification of vulnerabilities</li><li>Evaluation of the risk posed by any vulnerabilities identified</li><li>Treatment of any identified vulnerabilities</li><li>Reporting on vulnerabilities and how they have been handled</li></ul>\r\n<br /><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of vulnerability scans. </span>Not all vulnerability scans are alike, and to ensure compliance with certain regulations (such as those set by the PCI Security Standards Council) it is necessary to carry out two distinct types of vulnerability scans: an internal and an external vulnerability scan. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">External vulnerability scan.</span> As the name suggests, an external vulnerability scan is carried out from outside an organization's network, and its principal purpose is to detect vulnerabilities in the perimeter defenses such as open ports in the network firewall or specialized web application firewall. An external vulnerability scan can help organizations fix security issues that could enable hackers to gain access to the organization's network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Internal vulnerability scan. </span>By contrast, an internal vulnerability scan is carried out from inside an organization's perimeter defenses. Its purpose is to detect vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers who successfully penetrate the perimeter defenses, or equally by &quot;insider threats&quot; such as contractors or disgruntled employees who have legitimate access to parts of the network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans.</span> A similar but not always identical variation of internal and external vulnerability scans is the concept of unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans. Unauthenticated scans, like external scans, search for weaknesses in the network perimeter, while authenticated scans&nbsp; provide vulnerability scanners with various privileged credentials, allowing them to probe the inside of the network for weak passwords, configuration issues, and misconfigured databases or applications.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is Vulnerability Assessment?</h1>\r\nVulnerability Assessment is also known as Vulnerability Testing, is a vulnerability scanning software performed to evaluate the security risks in the software system in order to reduce the probability of a threat. Vulnerability Analysis depends upon two mechanisms namely Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT).\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of a vulnerability scanner:</span></p>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Host Based. </span>Identifies the issues in the host or the system. The process is carried out by using host-based scanners and diagnose the vulnerabilities. The host-based tools will load a mediator software onto the target system; it will trace the event and report it to the security analyst.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Network-Based.</span> It will detect the open port, and identify the unknown services running on these ports. Then it will disclose possible vulnerabilities associated with these services. This process is done by using Network-based Scanners.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Database-Based.</span> It will identify the security exposure in the database systems using tools and techniques to prevent from SQL Injections. (SQL Injections: - Injecting SQL statements into the database by the malicious users, which can read the sensitive data's from a database and can update the data in the Database.)\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How vulnerability scanners works?</h1>\r\nVulnerability scanning is an inspection of the potential points of exploit on a computer or network to identify security holes.\r\nA security scan detects and classifies system weaknesses in computers, networks and communications equipment and predicts the effectiveness of countermeasures. A scan may be performed by an organization’s IT department or a security service provide, possibly as a condition imposed by some authority.&nbsp; Vulnerability scans are also used by attackers looking for points of entry.\r\nA vulnerability scanner runs from the end point of the person inspecting the attack surface in question. The software compares details about the target attack surface to a database of information about known security holes in services and ports, anomalies in packet construction, and potential paths to exploitable programs or scripts. The scanner software attempts to exploit each vulnerability that is discovered.\r\nRunning a vulnerability scan can pose its own risks as it is inherently intrusive on the target machine’s running code. As a result, the scan can cause issues such as errors and reboots, reducing productivity.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How to choose the best vulnerability scanning tool?</h1>\r\nWhen researching vulnerability scanners, it's important to find out how they're rated for accuracy (the most important metric) as well as reliability, scalability and reporting. If accuracy is lacking, you'll end up running two different scanners, hoping that one picks up vulnerabilities that the other misses. This adds cost and effort to the scanning process. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Software-Based Vulnerability Scanners.</span> These types of scanning products generally include configuration auditing, target profiling, penetration testing and detailed vulnerability analysis. They integrate with Windows products, such as Microsoft System Center, to provide intelligent patch management; some work with mobile device managers. They can scan not only physical network devices, servers and workstations, but extend to virtual machines, BYOD mobile devices and databases.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud-Based Vulnerability Scanners: </span>Continuous, On-Demand Monitoring. A newer type of vulnerability finder&nbsp; is delivered on-demand as Software as a Service (SaaS). Like software-based scanners, on-demand scanners incorporate links for downloading vendor patches and updates for identified vulnerabilities, reducing remediation effort. These services also include scanning thresholds to prevent overloading devices during the scanning process, which can cause devices to crash.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is mobile application security scanner?</h1>\r\nMobile application security testing can help ensure there aren’t any loopholes in the software that may cause data loss. The sets of tests are meant to attack the app to identify possible threats and vulnerabilities that would allow external persons or systems to access private information stored on the mobile device. \r\nMobile application vulnerability scanner can help to ensure that applications are free from the flaws and weaknesses that hackers use to gain access to sensitive information. From backdoors, malicious code and other threats, these flaws may be present both in commercial and open source applications as well as software developed in-house.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Vulnerability_Scanner.png"},{"id":445,"title":"Penetration Testing","alias":"penetration-testing","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">penetration test</span>, colloquially known as a pen test, <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">pentest </span>or <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">ethical hacking</span>, is an authorized simulated cyberattack on a computer system, performed to evaluate the security of the system.\r\nStandard penetration test is performed to identify both weaknesses (also referred to as <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">vulnerabilities</span>), including the potential for unauthorized parties to gain access to the system's features and data, as well as strengths, enabling a full risk assessment to be completed. \r\nThe main objective of system penetration testing is to identify security weaknesses. Vulnerability testing can also be used to test an organization's security policy, its adherence to compliance requirements, its employees' security awareness and the organization's ability to identify and respond to security incidents.\r\nTypically,<span style=\"font-size:11pt; font-family:Arial; font-style:normal; \">professional penetration testing</span>provides information about security weaknesses that are identified or exploited through pen testing is aggregated and provided to the organization's IT and network system managers, enabling them to make strategic decisions and prioritize remediation efforts. \r\nA wide variety of <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">software security testing tools </span>are available to assist with penetration testing, including free-of-charge, free software, and commercial software. Penetration tools scan code in order to identity malicious code in applications that could result in a security breach. Pen testing tools examine data encryption techniques and can identify hard-coded values, such as usernames and passwords, to verify security vulnerabilities in the system.\r\n&nbsp;Important aspect of any penetration testing program is defining the scope within which the pen testers must operate. Usually, the scope defines what systems, locations, techniques and tools can be used in a penetration test. Limiting the scope of the penetration test helps focus team members - and defenders - on the systems over which the organization has control.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Here are several of the main vulnerability penetration testing approaches:</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Targeted testing</span> is performed by the organization's IT team and the penetration testing team working together. It's sometimes referred to as a &quot;lights turned on&quot; approach because everyone can see the test being carried out.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">External testing</span> targets a company's externally visible servers or devices including domain name servers, email servers, web servers or firewalls. The<span style=\"font-size:11pt; font-family:Arial; font-style:normal; \">objective of penetration testing</span>is to find out if an outside attacker can get in and how far they can get in once they've gained access.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Internal testing</span> mimics an inside attack behind the firewall by an authorized user with standard access privileges. This kind of test is useful for estimating how much damage a disgruntled employee could cause.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Blind testing simulates</span> the actions and procedures of a real attacker by severely limiting the information given to the person or team performing the test beforehand. Typically, the pen testers may only be given the name of the company.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Double-blind testing</span> takes the blind test and carries it a step further. In this type of pen test, only one or two people within the organization might be aware a test is being conducted. Double-blind tests can be useful for testing an organization's security monitoring and incident identification as well as its response procedures.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Black box</span> testing is basically the same as blind testing, but the tester receives no information before the test takes place. Rather, the pen testers must find their own way into the system.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">White box</span> testing provides the penetration testers information about the target network before they start their work. This information can include such details as IP addresses, network infrastructure schematics and the protocols used plus the source code.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What Is Penetration Testing?</span></h1>\r\nThere is a considerable amount of confusion in the industry regarding the differences between vulnerability assessment and penetration testing tool,as the two phrases are commonly interchanged. However, their meaning and implications are very different. A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">vulnerability assessment </span>simply identifies and reports noted vulnerabilities, whereas a pentest attempts to exploit the vulnerabilities to determine whether unauthorized access or other malicious activity is possible.<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \"> Penetration testing</span> typically includes network penetration testing and web application security testing as well as controls and processes around the networks and applications, and should occur from both outside the network trying to come in (external testing) and from inside the network.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What is a pentesting tool ?</span></h1>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Penetration tools are used as part testing to automate certain tasks, improve testing efficiency and discover issues that might be difficult to find using manual analysis techniques alone. Two common penetration testing tools are <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">static analysis </span>tools and <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">dynamic analysis</span> tools. Tools for attack include software designed to produce <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">brute-force attacks</span> or <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">SQL injections</span>. There is also hardware specifically designed for pen testing, such as small inconspicuous boxes that can be plugged into a computer on the network to provide the hacker with remote access to that network. In addition, an ethical hacker may use social engineering techniques to find vulnerabilities. For example, sending phishing emails to company employees, or even disguising themselves as delivery people to gain physical access to the building.</p>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What are the benefits of penetration testing?</span></h1>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Manage the Risk Properly. </span>For many organizations, one of the most popular benefits of pen testing services is that they will give you a baseline to work upon to cure the risk in a structured and optimal way. It will show you the list of vulnerabilities in the target environment and the risks associated with it.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Increase Business Continuity.</span> Business continuity is the prime concern for any successful organization. A break in the business continuity can happen for many reasons. Lack of security loopholes is one of them. Insecure systems suffer more breaches in their availability than the secured ones. Today attackers are hired by other organizations to stop the continuity of business by exploiting the vulnerabilities to gain the access and to produce a denial of service condition which usually crashes the vulnerable service and breaks the server availability.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Protect Clients, Partners, and Third Parties.</span> A security breach can affect not only the target organization but also their associated clients, partners and third parties working with it. However, if company schedules a penetration test regularly and takes necessary actions towards security, it will help professionals build trust and confidence in the organization.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Helps to Evaluate Security Investment.&nbsp;</span> The pen test results will give us an independent view of the effectiveness of existing security processes, ensuring that configuration management practices have been followed correctly. This is an ideal opportunity to review the efficiency of the current security investment. What needs to be improved and what is working and what is not working and how much investment needed to build the more secure environment in the organization.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Help Protect Public Relationships and Guard the reputation of your company.</span>A good public relationship and company reputation are built up after taking many years struggle and hard work and with a huge amount of investment. This can be suddenly changed due to a single security breach.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Protection from Financial Damage.</span> A simple breach of the security system may cause millions of dollars of damage. Penetration testing can protect your organization from such damages.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Helps to tests cyber-defense capability.</span> During a penetration test, the target company’s security team should be able to detect multiple attacks and respond accordingly on time. Furthermore, if an intrusion is detected, the security and forensic teams should start investigations, and the penetration testers should be blocked and their tools removed. The effectiveness of your protection devices like IDS, IPS or WAF can also be tested during a penetration test.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Client-side Attacks. </span>Pen tests are an effective way of ensuring that successful highly targeted client-side attacks against key members of your staff. Security should be treated with a holistic approach. Companies only assessing the security of their servers run the risk of being targeted with client-side attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in software like web browsers, pdf readers, etc. It is important to ensure that the patch management processes are working properly updating the operating system and third-party applications.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Penetration_Testing.png"},{"id":206,"title":"Application Security Testing","alias":"application-security-testing","description":" Applications form the lifeline of any business today – and they are under attack more than ever before. Where previously we focused our attention on securing organizations’ network parameters, today the application level is where the focus is for attackers.\r\nAccording to Verizon’s 2014 Data Breach Investigations Report, web applications “remain the proverbial punching bag of the internet,” with about 80% of attacks in the application layer, as Gartner has stated.&nbsp; Taking proactive measures to protect your company and customer data is no longer an option: It is a business imperative for enterprises across all industries.\r\nIn 2013, the Ponemon Institute’s ‘Cost of a Data Breach Report’ found that security incidents in the U.S. averaged a total cost of $5.4 million. Preventing just one similar security incident would more than cover the cost of application security and prove your security programs value.\r\nApplication Security is built around the concept of ensuring that the code written for an application does what it was built to do, and keeps the contained data secure.\r\nAccording to Gartner, application security puts a primary focus on three elements:\r\n<ul><li>Reducing security vulnerabilities and risks</li><li>Improving security features and functions such as authentication, encryption or auditing</li><li>Integrating with the enterprise security infrastructure</li></ul>","materialsDescription":" Security testing techniques scour for vulnerabilities or security holes in applications. These vulnerabilities leave applications open to exploitation. Ideally, security testing is implemented throughout the entire software development life cycle (SDLC) so that vulnerabilities may be addressed in a timely and thorough manner. Unfortunately, testing is often conducted as an afterthought at the end of the development cycle. With the growth of Continuous delivery and DevOps as popular software development and deployment models, continuous security models are becoming more popular.\r\nVulnerability scanners, and more specifically web application scanners, otherwise known as penetration testing tools (i.e. ethical hacking tools) have been historically used by security organizations within corporations and security consultants to automate the security testing of http request/responses; however, this is not a substitute for the need for actual source code review. Physical code reviews of an application's source code can be accomplished manually or in an automated fashion. Given the common size of individual programs (often 500,000 lines of code or more), the human brain cannot execute a comprehensive data flow analysis needed in order to completely check all circuitous paths of an application program to find vulnerability points. The human brain is suited more for filtering, interrupting and reporting the outputs of automated source code analysis tools available commercially versus trying to trace every possible path through a compiled code base to find the root cause level vulnerabilities.\r\nThere are many kinds of automated tools for identifying vulnerabilities in applications. Some require a great deal of security expertise to use and others are designed for fully automated use. The results are dependent on the types of information (source, binary, HTTP traffic, configuration, libraries, connections) provided to the tool, the quality of the analysis, and the scope of vulnerabilities covered. Common technologies used for identifying application vulnerabilities include:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Static Application Security Testing (SAST)</span> is a technology that is frequently used as a Source Code Analysis tool. The method analyzes source code for security vulnerabilities prior to the launch of an application and is used to strengthen code. This method produces fewer false positives but for most implementations requires access to an application's source code and requires expert configuration and lots of processing power.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)</span> is a technology, which is able to find visible vulnerabilities by feeding a URL into an automated scanner. This method is highly scalable, easily integrated and quick. DAST's drawbacks lie in the need for expert configuration and the high possibility of false positives and negatives.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)</span> is a solution that assesses applications from within using software instrumentation. This technique allows IAST to combine the strengths of both SAST and DAST methods as well as providing access to code, HTTP traffic, library information, backend connections and configuration information. Some IAST products require the application to be attacked, while others can be used during normal quality assurance testing.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Application_Security_Testing1.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"suppliedProducts":[{"id":4546,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/canvas-logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Immunity CANVAS","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"immunity-canvas","companyTitle":"Immunity Inc.","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":6966,"companyAlias":"immunity-inc","description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Single Installation License</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>includes one year of our standard monthly updates and support</li><li>unrestricted (no target IP address limitations)</li><li>full source code</li><li>Supported Platforms and Installations</li><li>Windows (requires Python &amp; PyGTK)</li><li>Linux</li><li>All other Python environments such as mobile phones and commercial Unixes (command line version only supported, GUI may also be available)</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Architecture</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>CANVAS' completely open design allows a team to adapt CANVAS to their environment and needs.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Documentation</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>all documentation is delivered in the form of demonstration movies</li><li>exploit modules have additional information</li><li>currently over 800 exploits</li></ul>\r\nImmunity carefully selects vulnerabilities for inclusion as CANVAS exploits. Top priorities are high-value vulnerabilities such as remote, pre-authentication, and new vulnerabilities in mainstream software.\r\nExploits span all common platforms and applications\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Payload Options</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>to provide maximum reliability, exploits always attempt to reuse socket</li><li>if socket reuse is not suitable, connect-back is used</li><li>subsequent MOSDEF session allows arbitrary code execution, and provides a listener shell for common actions (file management, screenshots, etc)</li><li>bouncing and split-bouncing automatically available via MOSDEF</li><li>adjustable covertness level</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Exploit Delivery</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>regular monthly updates made available via web</li><li>exploit modules and CANVAS engine are updated simultaneously</li><li>customers reminded of monthly updates via email</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Exploit Creation Time</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>exploits included in next release as soon as they are stable</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Effectiveness of Exploits</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>all exploits fully QA'd prior to release</li><li>exploits demonstrated via flash movies</li><li>exploit development team available via direct email for support</li><li>Ability to make Custom Exploits</li><li>unique MOSDEF development environment allows rapid exploit development</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Product Support and Maintenance</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>subscriptions include email and phone support M-F 9am - 5pm EST, directly with development team</li><li>minimum monthly updates</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Development</span></p>\r\nCANVAS is a platform that is designed to allow easy development of other security products. Examples include DSquare's D2 Exploitation Pack, Intevydis' VulnDisco, Gleg's Agora and SCADA.<br />CANVAS Early Updates Program\r\nImmunity CANVAS is heavily QA'd and on a monthly release cycle, however a select number of Immunity's clients rely on up-to-the-minute vulnerability information as Immunity produces material. Immunity is often first to market with new exploits and proof of concept exploit code following &quot;Microsoft Tuesdays&quot;. \r\nUntil they are included in the next reliable monthly release of CANVAS Professional, these codes are available through the CANVAS Early Updates program. \r\nThis code is often proof-of-concept early research, however its early availability allows our research team to share its results as soon as it is produced.\r\nCANVAS Early Updates customers include IDS vendors, vulnerability assessment vendors, and professional services organizations. End-users are provided with an increased level of confidence in our subscribers' products as they are able to verify protection or existence of a new vulnerability within hours of its announcement.<br /><br />","shortDescription":"Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":18,"sellingCount":9,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Immunity CANVAS","keywords":"","description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center","og:title":"Immunity CANVAS","og:description":"<p class=\"align-left\">Immunity's CANVAS makes available hundreds of exploits, an automated exploitation system, and a comprehensive, reliable exploit development framework to penetration testers and security professionals worldwide.</p>\r\n<p class=\"align-center","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/canvas-logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4547,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":79,"title":"VM - Vulnerability management","alias":"vm-vulnerability-management","description":"Vulnerability management is the &quot;cyclical practice of identifying, classifying, prioritizing, remediating and mitigating&quot; software vulnerabilities. Vulnerability management is integral to computer security and network security, and must not be confused with a Vulnerability assessment.\r\nVulnerability management is an ongoing process that includes proactive asset discovery, continuous monitoring, mitigation, remediation and defense tactics to protect your organization's modern IT attack surface from Cyber Exposure.\r\nVulnerabilities can be discovered with a vulnerability scanner, which analyzes a computer system in search of known vulnerabilities, such as open ports, insecure software configurations, and susceptibility to malware infections. They may also be identified by consulting public sources, such as NVD, or subscribing to a commercial vulnerability alerting services. Unknown vulnerabilities, such as a zero-day, may be found with fuzz testing, which can identify certain kinds of vulnerabilities, such as a buffer overflow with relevant test cases. Such analysis can be facilitated by test automation. In addition, antivirus software capable of heuristic analysis may discover undocumented malware if it finds software behaving suspiciously (such as attempting to overwrite a system file).\r\nCorrecting vulnerabilities may variously involve the installation of a patch, a change in network security policy, reconfiguration of software, or educating users about social engineering.\r\nNetwork vulnerabilities represent security gaps that could be abused by attackers to damage network assets, trigger a denial of service, and/or steal potentially sensitive information. Attackers are constantly looking for new vulnerabilities to exploit — and taking advantage of old vulnerabilities that may have gone unpatched.\r\nHaving a vulnerability management framework in place that regularly checks for new vulnerabilities is crucial for preventing cybersecurity breaches. Without a vulnerability testing and patch management system, old security gaps may be left on the network for extended periods of time. This gives attackers more of an opportunity to exploit vulnerabilities and carry out their attacks.\r\nOne statistic that highlights how crucial vulnerability management was featured in an Infosecurity Magazine article. According to survey data cited in the article, of the organizations that “suffered a breach, almost 60% were due to an unpatched vulnerability.” In other words, nearly 60% of the data breaches suffered by survey respondents could have been easily prevented simply by having a vulnerability management plan that would apply critical patches before attackers leveraged the vulnerability.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is vulnerability management?</span>\r\nVulnerability management is a pro-active approach to managing network security by reducing the likelihood that flaws in code or design compromise the security of an endpoint or network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What processes does vulnerability management include?</span>\r\nVulnerability management processes include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Checking for vulnerabilities:</span> This process should include regular network scanning, firewall logging, penetration testing or use of an automated tool like a vulnerability scanner.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Identifying vulnerabilities:</span> This involves analyzing network scans and pen test results, firewall logs or vulnerability scan results to find anomalies that suggest a malware attack or other malicious event has taken advantage of a security vulnerability, or could possibly do so.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Verifying vulnerabilities:</span> This process includes ascertaining whether the identified vulnerabilities could actually be exploited on servers, applications, networks or other systems. This also includes classifying the severity of a vulnerability and the level of risk it presents to the organization.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Mitigating vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of figuring out how to prevent vulnerabilities from being exploited before a patch is available, or in the event that there is no patch. It can involve taking the affected part of the system off-line (if it's non-critical), or various other workarounds.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Patching vulnerabilities:</span> This is the process of getting patches -- usually from the vendors of the affected software or hardware -- and applying them to all the affected areas in a timely way. This is sometimes an automated process, done with patch management tools. This step also includes patch testing.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/VM_-_Vulnerability_management1.png"},{"id":793,"title":"Web Application Vulnerability Scanner","alias":"web-application-vulnerability-scanner","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">web application vulnerability scanner,</span> also known as a <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">web application security scanner,</span> is an automated security tool. It scans web applications for malware, vulnerabilities, and logical flaws. Web application scanner use black box tests, as these tests do not require access to the source code but instead launch external attacks to test for security vulnerabilities. These simulated attacks can detect path traversal, cross-site scripting(XSS), and command injection.\r\nWeb app scanners are categorized as <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST) tools.</span> DAST tools provide insight into how your web applications behave while they are in production, enabling your business to address potential vulnerabilities before a hacker uses them to stage an attack. As your web applications evolve, DAST solutions continue to scan them so that your business can promptly identify and remediate emerging issues before they develop into serious risks.\r\nWeb app vulnerability scanner first crawls the entire website, analyzing in-depth each file it finds, and displaying the entire website structure. After this discovery stage, it performs an automatic audit for common security vulnerabilities by launching a series of Web attacks. Web application scanners check for vulnerabilities on the Web server, proxy server, Web application server and even on other Web services. Unlike source code scanners, web application scanners don't have access to the source code and therefore detect vulnerabilities by actually performing attacks.\r\nA web application vulnerability assessment is very different than a general vulnerability assessment where security focus on networks and hosts. App vulnerability scanner scans ports, connect to services, and use other techniques to gather information revealing the patch levels, configurations, and potential exposures of our infrastructure.\r\nAutomated web application scanning tools help the user making sure the whole website is properly crawled, and that no input or parameter is left unchecked.&nbsp; Automated web vulnerability scanners also help in finding a high percentage of the technical vulnerabilities, and give you a very good overview of the website’s structure, and security status.&nbsp; \r\nThe best way to identify web application security threats is to perform web application vulnerability assessment. The importance of these threats could leave your organization exposed if they are not properly identified and mitigated. Therefore, implementing a web app security scanner solution should be of paramount importance for your organizations security plans in the future. \r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">Why Web Application Vulnerability Scanning is important?</h1>\r\nWeb applications are the technological base of modern companies. That’s why more and more businesses are betting on the development of this type of digital platforms. They stand out because they allow to automate processes, simplify tasks, be more efficient and offer a better service to the customer.<br /><br />The objective of web applications is that the user completes a task, be it buying, making a bank transaction, accessing e-mail, editing photos, texts, among many other things. In fact, they are very useful for an endless number of services, hence their popularity. Their disadvantages are few, but there is one that requires special attention: vulnerabilities.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Main web application security risks</span></p>\r\nA web vulnerability scanner tools will help you keep your services protected. However, it is important to be aware of the major security risks that exist so that both developers and security professionals are always alert and can find the most appropriate solutions in a timely manner.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Injection</span></li></ul>\r\nThis is a vulnerability that affects the application databases. They occur when unreliable data is sent to an interpreter by means of a command or query. The attacker may inject malicious code to disrupt the normal operation of the application by making it access the data without authorization or execute involuntary commands.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Authentication failures</span></li></ul>\r\nIf a vulnerability scan in web applications finds a failure, it may be due to loss of authentication. This is a critical vulnerability, as it allows the attacker to impersonate another user. This can compromise important data such as usernames, passwords, session tokens, and more.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Sensitive data exposure</span></li></ul>\r\nA serious risk is the exposure of sensitive data especially financial information such as credit cards or account numbers, personal data such as place of residence, or health-related information. If an attacker scans for this type of vulnerability, he or she may modify or steal this data and use it fraudulently. Therefore, it is essential to use a web app scanning tools to find vulnerabilities in web applications.<br /><br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Web_Application_Vulnerability_Scanner.png"},{"id":791,"title":"Vulnerability Scanner","alias":"vulnerability-scanner","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">vulnerability scanner</span> is a computer program designed to assess computers, network vulnerability or applications for known weaknesses. In plain words, these scanners are used to discover the weaknesses of a given system. They are utilized in the identification and detection of vulnerabilities arising from mis-configurations or flawed programming within a network-based asset such as a firewall, router, web server, application server, etc. They&nbsp; are typically available as SaaS (Software as a service); provided over the internet and delivered as a web application. \r\nMost vulnerability scanners will also attempt to log in to systems using default or other credentials in order to build a more detailed picture of the system. After building up an inventory, the vulnerability scanner checks each item in the inventory against one or more databases of known vulnerabilities to see if any items are subject to any of these vulnerabilities. The result of such scan is a systems vulnerability analysis, highlighting any that have known vulnerabilities that may need threat and vulnerability management.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How vulnerability scanning works</span>. Vulnerability scanning finds systems and software that have known security vulnerabilities, but this information is only useful to IT security teams when it is used as the first part of a four-part vulnerability management process. <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Vulnerability management process involves:</span>\r\n<ul><li>Identification of vulnerabilities</li><li>Evaluation of the risk posed by any vulnerabilities identified</li><li>Treatment of any identified vulnerabilities</li><li>Reporting on vulnerabilities and how they have been handled</li></ul>\r\n<br /><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of vulnerability scans. </span>Not all vulnerability scans are alike, and to ensure compliance with certain regulations (such as those set by the PCI Security Standards Council) it is necessary to carry out two distinct types of vulnerability scans: an internal and an external vulnerability scan. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">External vulnerability scan.</span> As the name suggests, an external vulnerability scan is carried out from outside an organization's network, and its principal purpose is to detect vulnerabilities in the perimeter defenses such as open ports in the network firewall or specialized web application firewall. An external vulnerability scan can help organizations fix security issues that could enable hackers to gain access to the organization's network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Internal vulnerability scan. </span>By contrast, an internal vulnerability scan is carried out from inside an organization's perimeter defenses. Its purpose is to detect vulnerabilities that could be exploited by hackers who successfully penetrate the perimeter defenses, or equally by &quot;insider threats&quot; such as contractors or disgruntled employees who have legitimate access to parts of the network.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans.</span> A similar but not always identical variation of internal and external vulnerability scans is the concept of unauthenticated and authenticated vulnerability scans. Unauthenticated scans, like external scans, search for weaknesses in the network perimeter, while authenticated scans&nbsp; provide vulnerability scanners with various privileged credentials, allowing them to probe the inside of the network for weak passwords, configuration issues, and misconfigured databases or applications.<br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is Vulnerability Assessment?</h1>\r\nVulnerability Assessment is also known as Vulnerability Testing, is a vulnerability scanning software performed to evaluate the security risks in the software system in order to reduce the probability of a threat. Vulnerability Analysis depends upon two mechanisms namely Vulnerability Assessment and Penetration Testing (VAPT).\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Types of a vulnerability scanner:</span></p>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Host Based. </span>Identifies the issues in the host or the system. The process is carried out by using host-based scanners and diagnose the vulnerabilities. The host-based tools will load a mediator software onto the target system; it will trace the event and report it to the security analyst.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Network-Based.</span> It will detect the open port, and identify the unknown services running on these ports. Then it will disclose possible vulnerabilities associated with these services. This process is done by using Network-based Scanners.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Database-Based.</span> It will identify the security exposure in the database systems using tools and techniques to prevent from SQL Injections. (SQL Injections: - Injecting SQL statements into the database by the malicious users, which can read the sensitive data's from a database and can update the data in the Database.)\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How vulnerability scanners works?</h1>\r\nVulnerability scanning is an inspection of the potential points of exploit on a computer or network to identify security holes.\r\nA security scan detects and classifies system weaknesses in computers, networks and communications equipment and predicts the effectiveness of countermeasures. A scan may be performed by an organization’s IT department or a security service provide, possibly as a condition imposed by some authority.&nbsp; Vulnerability scans are also used by attackers looking for points of entry.\r\nA vulnerability scanner runs from the end point of the person inspecting the attack surface in question. The software compares details about the target attack surface to a database of information about known security holes in services and ports, anomalies in packet construction, and potential paths to exploitable programs or scripts. The scanner software attempts to exploit each vulnerability that is discovered.\r\nRunning a vulnerability scan can pose its own risks as it is inherently intrusive on the target machine’s running code. As a result, the scan can cause issues such as errors and reboots, reducing productivity.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">How to choose the best vulnerability scanning tool?</h1>\r\nWhen researching vulnerability scanners, it's important to find out how they're rated for accuracy (the most important metric) as well as reliability, scalability and reporting. If accuracy is lacking, you'll end up running two different scanners, hoping that one picks up vulnerabilities that the other misses. This adds cost and effort to the scanning process. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Software-Based Vulnerability Scanners.</span> These types of scanning products generally include configuration auditing, target profiling, penetration testing and detailed vulnerability analysis. They integrate with Windows products, such as Microsoft System Center, to provide intelligent patch management; some work with mobile device managers. They can scan not only physical network devices, servers and workstations, but extend to virtual machines, BYOD mobile devices and databases.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud-Based Vulnerability Scanners: </span>Continuous, On-Demand Monitoring. A newer type of vulnerability finder&nbsp; is delivered on-demand as Software as a Service (SaaS). Like software-based scanners, on-demand scanners incorporate links for downloading vendor patches and updates for identified vulnerabilities, reducing remediation effort. These services also include scanning thresholds to prevent overloading devices during the scanning process, which can cause devices to crash.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">What is mobile application security scanner?</h1>\r\nMobile application security testing can help ensure there aren’t any loopholes in the software that may cause data loss. The sets of tests are meant to attack the app to identify possible threats and vulnerabilities that would allow external persons or systems to access private information stored on the mobile device. \r\nMobile application vulnerability scanner can help to ensure that applications are free from the flaws and weaknesses that hackers use to gain access to sensitive information. From backdoors, malicious code and other threats, these flaws may be present both in commercial and open source applications as well as software developed in-house.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Vulnerability_Scanner.png"},{"id":445,"title":"Penetration Testing","alias":"penetration-testing","description":" A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">penetration test</span>, colloquially known as a pen test, <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">pentest </span>or <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">ethical hacking</span>, is an authorized simulated cyberattack on a computer system, performed to evaluate the security of the system.\r\nStandard penetration test is performed to identify both weaknesses (also referred to as <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">vulnerabilities</span>), including the potential for unauthorized parties to gain access to the system's features and data, as well as strengths, enabling a full risk assessment to be completed. \r\nThe main objective of system penetration testing is to identify security weaknesses. Vulnerability testing can also be used to test an organization's security policy, its adherence to compliance requirements, its employees' security awareness and the organization's ability to identify and respond to security incidents.\r\nTypically,<span style=\"font-size:11pt; font-family:Arial; font-style:normal; \">professional penetration testing</span>provides information about security weaknesses that are identified or exploited through pen testing is aggregated and provided to the organization's IT and network system managers, enabling them to make strategic decisions and prioritize remediation efforts. \r\nA wide variety of <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">software security testing tools </span>are available to assist with penetration testing, including free-of-charge, free software, and commercial software. Penetration tools scan code in order to identity malicious code in applications that could result in a security breach. Pen testing tools examine data encryption techniques and can identify hard-coded values, such as usernames and passwords, to verify security vulnerabilities in the system.\r\n&nbsp;Important aspect of any penetration testing program is defining the scope within which the pen testers must operate. Usually, the scope defines what systems, locations, techniques and tools can be used in a penetration test. Limiting the scope of the penetration test helps focus team members - and defenders - on the systems over which the organization has control.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Here are several of the main vulnerability penetration testing approaches:</span></p>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Targeted testing</span> is performed by the organization's IT team and the penetration testing team working together. It's sometimes referred to as a &quot;lights turned on&quot; approach because everyone can see the test being carried out.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">External testing</span> targets a company's externally visible servers or devices including domain name servers, email servers, web servers or firewalls. The<span style=\"font-size:11pt; font-family:Arial; font-style:normal; \">objective of penetration testing</span>is to find out if an outside attacker can get in and how far they can get in once they've gained access.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Internal testing</span> mimics an inside attack behind the firewall by an authorized user with standard access privileges. This kind of test is useful for estimating how much damage a disgruntled employee could cause.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Blind testing simulates</span> the actions and procedures of a real attacker by severely limiting the information given to the person or team performing the test beforehand. Typically, the pen testers may only be given the name of the company.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Double-blind testing</span> takes the blind test and carries it a step further. In this type of pen test, only one or two people within the organization might be aware a test is being conducted. Double-blind tests can be useful for testing an organization's security monitoring and incident identification as well as its response procedures.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Black box</span> testing is basically the same as blind testing, but the tester receives no information before the test takes place. Rather, the pen testers must find their own way into the system.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">White box</span> testing provides the penetration testers information about the target network before they start their work. This information can include such details as IP addresses, network infrastructure schematics and the protocols used plus the source code.</li></ul>","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What Is Penetration Testing?</span></h1>\r\nThere is a considerable amount of confusion in the industry regarding the differences between vulnerability assessment and penetration testing tool,as the two phrases are commonly interchanged. However, their meaning and implications are very different. A <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">vulnerability assessment </span>simply identifies and reports noted vulnerabilities, whereas a pentest attempts to exploit the vulnerabilities to determine whether unauthorized access or other malicious activity is possible.<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \"> Penetration testing</span> typically includes network penetration testing and web application security testing as well as controls and processes around the networks and applications, and should occur from both outside the network trying to come in (external testing) and from inside the network.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What is a pentesting tool ?</span></h1>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Penetration tools are used as part testing to automate certain tasks, improve testing efficiency and discover issues that might be difficult to find using manual analysis techniques alone. Two common penetration testing tools are <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">static analysis </span>tools and <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">dynamic analysis</span> tools. Tools for attack include software designed to produce <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">brute-force attacks</span> or <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">SQL injections</span>. There is also hardware specifically designed for pen testing, such as small inconspicuous boxes that can be plugged into a computer on the network to provide the hacker with remote access to that network. In addition, an ethical hacker may use social engineering techniques to find vulnerabilities. For example, sending phishing emails to company employees, or even disguising themselves as delivery people to gain physical access to the building.</p>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">What are the benefits of penetration testing?</span></h1>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Manage the Risk Properly. </span>For many organizations, one of the most popular benefits of pen testing services is that they will give you a baseline to work upon to cure the risk in a structured and optimal way. It will show you the list of vulnerabilities in the target environment and the risks associated with it.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Increase Business Continuity.</span> Business continuity is the prime concern for any successful organization. A break in the business continuity can happen for many reasons. Lack of security loopholes is one of them. Insecure systems suffer more breaches in their availability than the secured ones. Today attackers are hired by other organizations to stop the continuity of business by exploiting the vulnerabilities to gain the access and to produce a denial of service condition which usually crashes the vulnerable service and breaks the server availability.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Protect Clients, Partners, and Third Parties.</span> A security breach can affect not only the target organization but also their associated clients, partners and third parties working with it. However, if company schedules a penetration test regularly and takes necessary actions towards security, it will help professionals build trust and confidence in the organization.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Helps to Evaluate Security Investment.&nbsp;</span> The pen test results will give us an independent view of the effectiveness of existing security processes, ensuring that configuration management practices have been followed correctly. This is an ideal opportunity to review the efficiency of the current security investment. What needs to be improved and what is working and what is not working and how much investment needed to build the more secure environment in the organization.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Help Protect Public Relationships and Guard the reputation of your company.</span>A good public relationship and company reputation are built up after taking many years struggle and hard work and with a huge amount of investment. This can be suddenly changed due to a single security breach.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Protection from Financial Damage.</span> A simple breach of the security system may cause millions of dollars of damage. Penetration testing can protect your organization from such damages.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Helps to tests cyber-defense capability.</span> During a penetration test, the target company’s security team should be able to detect multiple attacks and respond accordingly on time. Furthermore, if an intrusion is detected, the security and forensic teams should start investigations, and the penetration testers should be blocked and their tools removed. The effectiveness of your protection devices like IDS, IPS or WAF can also be tested during a penetration test.<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"></span></li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Client-side Attacks. </span>Pen tests are an effective way of ensuring that successful highly targeted client-side attacks against key members of your staff. Security should be treated with a holistic approach. Companies only assessing the security of their servers run the risk of being targeted with client-side attacks exploiting vulnerabilities in software like web browsers, pdf readers, etc. It is important to ensure that the patch management processes are working properly updating the operating system and third-party applications.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Penetration_Testing.png"},{"id":206,"title":"Application Security Testing","alias":"application-security-testing","description":" Applications form the lifeline of any business today – and they are under attack more than ever before. Where previously we focused our attention on securing organizations’ network parameters, today the application level is where the focus is for attackers.\r\nAccording to Verizon’s 2014 Data Breach Investigations Report, web applications “remain the proverbial punching bag of the internet,” with about 80% of attacks in the application layer, as Gartner has stated.&nbsp; Taking proactive measures to protect your company and customer data is no longer an option: It is a business imperative for enterprises across all industries.\r\nIn 2013, the Ponemon Institute’s ‘Cost of a Data Breach Report’ found that security incidents in the U.S. averaged a total cost of $5.4 million. Preventing just one similar security incident would more than cover the cost of application security and prove your security programs value.\r\nApplication Security is built around the concept of ensuring that the code written for an application does what it was built to do, and keeps the contained data secure.\r\nAccording to Gartner, application security puts a primary focus on three elements:\r\n<ul><li>Reducing security vulnerabilities and risks</li><li>Improving security features and functions such as authentication, encryption or auditing</li><li>Integrating with the enterprise security infrastructure</li></ul>","materialsDescription":" Security testing techniques scour for vulnerabilities or security holes in applications. These vulnerabilities leave applications open to exploitation. Ideally, security testing is implemented throughout the entire software development life cycle (SDLC) so that vulnerabilities may be addressed in a timely and thorough manner. Unfortunately, testing is often conducted as an afterthought at the end of the development cycle. With the growth of Continuous delivery and DevOps as popular software development and deployment models, continuous security models are becoming more popular.\r\nVulnerability scanners, and more specifically web application scanners, otherwise known as penetration testing tools (i.e. ethical hacking tools) have been historically used by security organizations within corporations and security consultants to automate the security testing of http request/responses; however, this is not a substitute for the need for actual source code review. Physical code reviews of an application's source code can be accomplished manually or in an automated fashion. Given the common size of individual programs (often 500,000 lines of code or more), the human brain cannot execute a comprehensive data flow analysis needed in order to completely check all circuitous paths of an application program to find vulnerability points. The human brain is suited more for filtering, interrupting and reporting the outputs of automated source code analysis tools available commercially versus trying to trace every possible path through a compiled code base to find the root cause level vulnerabilities.\r\nThere are many kinds of automated tools for identifying vulnerabilities in applications. Some require a great deal of security expertise to use and others are designed for fully automated use. The results are dependent on the types of information (source, binary, HTTP traffic, configuration, libraries, connections) provided to the tool, the quality of the analysis, and the scope of vulnerabilities covered. Common technologies used for identifying application vulnerabilities include:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Static Application Security Testing (SAST)</span> is a technology that is frequently used as a Source Code Analysis tool. The method analyzes source code for security vulnerabilities prior to the launch of an application and is used to strengthen code. This method produces fewer false positives but for most implementations requires access to an application's source code and requires expert configuration and lots of processing power.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Dynamic Application Security Testing (DAST)</span> is a technology, which is able to find visible vulnerabilities by feeding a URL into an automated scanner. This method is highly scalable, easily integrated and quick. DAST's drawbacks lie in the need for expert configuration and the high possibility of false positives and negatives.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST)</span> is a solution that assesses applications from within using software instrumentation. This technique allows IAST to combine the strengths of both SAST and DAST methods as well as providing access to code, HTTP traffic, library information, backend connections and configuration information. Some IAST products require the application to be attacked, while others can be used during normal quality assurance testing.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Application_Security_Testing1.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"partnershipProgramme":null}},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"implementations":{"implementationsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"agreements":{"agreementById":{},"ids":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"comparison":{"loading":false,"error":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{},"products":[],"selectedTemplateId":null},"presentation":{"type":null,"company":{},"products":[],"partners":[],"formData":{},"dataLoading":false,"dataError":false,"loading":false,"error":false},"catalogsGlobal":{"subMenuItemTitle":""}}