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The company was founded in 2015 and is based in San Francisco, California.\r\nSource: https://www.bloomberg.com/research//stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=419416619","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"products":{},"vendoredProductsCount":1,"suppliedProductsCount":1,"supplierImplementations":[],"vendorImplementations":[],"userImplementations":[],"userImplementationsCount":0,"supplierImplementationsCount":0,"vendorImplementationsCount":0,"vendorPartnersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"b4r":0,"categories":{"5":{"id":5,"title":"Security Software","description":" Computer security software or cybersecurity software is any computer program designed to enhance information security. Security software is a broad term that encompasses a suite of different types of software that deliver data and computer and network security in various forms. \r\nSecurity software can protect a computer from viruses, malware, unauthorized users and other security exploits originating from the Internet. Different types of security software include anti-virus software, firewall software, network security software, Internet security software, malware/spamware removal and protection software, cryptographic software, and more.\r\nIn end-user computing environments, anti-spam and anti-virus security software is the most common type of software used, whereas enterprise users add a firewall and intrusion detection system on top of it. \r\nSecurity soft may be focused on preventing attacks from reaching their target, on limiting the damage attacks can cause if they reach their target and on tracking the damage that has been caused so that it can be repaired. As the nature of malicious code evolves, security software also evolves.<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \"></span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Firewall. </span>Firewall security software prevents unauthorized users from accessing a computer or network without restricting those who are authorized. Firewalls can be implemented with hardware or software. Some computer operating systems include software firewalls in the operating system itself. For example, Microsoft Windows has a built-in firewall. Routers and servers can include firewalls. There are also dedicated hardware firewalls that have no other function other than protecting a network from unauthorized access.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Antivirus.</span> Antivirus solutions work to prevent malicious code from attacking a computer by recognizing the attack before it begins. But it is also designed to stop an attack in progress that could not be prevented, and to repair damage done by the attack once the attack abates. Antivirus software is useful because it addresses security issues in cases where attacks have made it past a firewall. New computer viruses appear daily, so antivirus and security software must be continuously updated to remain effective.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Antispyware.</span> While antivirus software is designed to prevent malicious software from attacking, the goal of antispyware software is to prevent unauthorized software from stealing information that is on a computer or being processed through the computer. Since spyware does not need to attempt to damage data files or the operating system, it does not trigger antivirus software into action. However, antispyware software can recognize the particular actions spyware is taking by monitoring the communications between a computer and external message recipients. When communications occur that the user has not authorized, antispyware can notify the user and block further communications.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Home Computers.</span> Home computers and some small businesses usually implement&nbsp; security software at the desktop level - meaning on the PC itself. This category of computer security and protection, sometimes referred to as end-point security, remains resident, or continuously operating, on the desktop. Because the software is running, it uses system resources, and can slow the computer's performance. However, because it operates in real time, it can react rapidly to attacks and seek to shut them down when they occur.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Network Security.</span> When several computers are all on the same network, it's more cost-effective to implement security at the network level. Antivirus software can be installed on a server and then loaded automatically to each desktop. However firewalls are usually installed on a server or purchased as an independent device that is inserted into the network where the Internet connection comes in. All of the computers inside the network communicate unimpeded, but any data going in or out of the network over the Internet is filtered trough the firewall.<br /><br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> <span style=\"font-weight: normal; \">What is IT security software?</span></h1>\r\nIT security software provides protection to businesses’ computer or network. It serves as a defense against unauthorized access and intrusion in such a system. It comes in various types, with many businesses and individuals already using some of them in one form or another.\r\nWith the emergence of more advanced technology, cybercriminals have also found more ways to get into the system of many organizations. Since more and more businesses are now relying their crucial operations on software products, the importance of security system software assurance must be taken seriously – now more than ever. Having reliable protection such as a security software programs is crucial to safeguard your computing environments and data. \r\n<p class=\"align-left\">It is not just the government or big corporations that become victims of cyber threats. In fact, small and medium-sized businesses have increasingly become targets of cybercrime over the past years. </p>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal; \">What are the features of IT security software?</span></h1>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Automatic updates. </span>This ensures you don’t miss any update and your system is the most up-to-date version to respond to the constantly emerging new cyber threats.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Real-time scanning.</span> Dynamic scanning features make it easier to detect and infiltrate malicious entities promptly. Without this feature, you’ll risk not being able to prevent damage to your system before it happens.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Auto-clean.</span> A feature that rids itself of viruses even without the user manually removing it from its quarantine zone upon detection. Unless you want the option to review the malware, there is no reason to keep the malicious software on your computer which makes this feature essential.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Multiple app protection.</span> This feature ensures all your apps and services are protected, whether they’re in email, instant messenger, and internet browsers, among others.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application level security.</span> This enables you to control access to the application on a per-user role or per-user basis to guarantee only the right individuals can enter the appropriate applications.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Role-based menu.</span> This displays menu options showing different users according to their roles for easier assigning of access and control.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Row-level (multi-tenant) security.</span> This gives you control over data access at a row-level for a single application. This means you can allow multiple users to access the same application but you can control the data they are authorized to view.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Single sign-on.</span> A session or user authentication process that allows users to access multiple related applications as long as they are authorized in a single session by only logging in their name and password in a single place.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">User privilege parameters.</span> These are customizable features and security as per individual user or role that can be accessed in their profile throughout every application.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application activity auditing.</span> Vital for IT departments to quickly view when a user logged in and off and which application they accessed. Developers can log end-user activity using their sign-on/signoff activities.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\"><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Security_Software.png","alias":"security-software"},"834":{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security"},"856":{"id":856,"title":"Secure Communications","description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Secure communication</span> is when two entities are communicating and do not want a third party to listen in. For that, they need to communicate in a way not susceptible to eavesdropping or interception. Secure communication includes means by which people can share information with varying degrees of certainty that third parties cannot intercept what was said. Other than spoken face-to-face communication with no possible eavesdropper, it is probably safe to say that no communication is guaranteed secure in this sense, although practical obstacles such as legislation, resources, technical issues (interception and encryption), and the sheer volume of communication serve to limit surveillance.\r\nWith many communications taking place over long distances and mediated by technology, and increasing awareness of the importance of interception issues, technology, and its compromise are at the heart of this debate.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Encryption</span></span> is a method in which data is rendered hard to read by an unauthorized party. Since encryption methods are created to extremely hard to break, many communication methods either use deliberately weaker encryption than possible or have backdoors inserted to permit rapid decryption. In some cases, government authorities have required backdoors to be installed in secret. Many methods of encryption are also subject to &quot;man in the middle&quot; attack whereby a third party who can 'see' the establishment of the secure communication is made privy to the encryption method, this would apply for example to the interception of computer use at an ISP. Provided it is correctly programmed, sufficiently powerful, and the keys not intercepted, encryption would usually be considered secure.\r\nEncryption can be implemented in a way that requires the use of encryption, i.e. if encrypted communication is impossible then no traffic is sent, or opportunistically. Opportunistic encryption is a lower security method to generally increase the percentage of generic traffic which is encrypted. This is analogous to beginning every conversation with &quot;Do you speak Navajo?&quot; If the response is affirmative, then the conversation proceeds in Navajo, otherwise, it uses the common language of the two speakers. This method does not generally provide authentication or anonymity but it does protect the content of the conversation from eavesdropping.\r\nAn Information-theoretic security technique known as physical layer encryption ensures that a wireless communication link is provably secure with communications and coding techniques.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steganography</span></span> (&quot;hidden writing&quot;) is also the means by which data can be hidden within other more innocuous data. Thus a watermark proving ownership embedded in the data of a picture, in such a way it is hard to find or remove unless you know how to find it. Or, for communication, the hiding of important data (such as a telephone number) in apparently innocuous data (an MP3 music file). An advantage of steganography is plausible deniability, that is unless one can prove the data is there (which is usually not easy), it is deniable that the file contains any.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Identity-based networks</span></span> are one of the tools to obtain security. Unwanted or malicious behavior is possible on the web since the internet is inherently anonymous. True identity-based networks replace the ability to remain anonymous and are inherently more trustworthy since the identity of the sender and recipient are known. (The telephone system is an example of an identity-based network.)\r\nRecently, <span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">anonymous networking</span></span> also has been used to secure communications. In principle, a large number of users running the same system can have communications routed between them in such a way that it is very hard to detect what the complete message is, which user sent it, and where it is ultimately coming from or going to. Examples are Crowds, Tor, I2P, Mixminion, various anonymous P2P networks, and others.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Anonymous communication devices</span></span> are also one of the tools to obtain security.&nbsp; In theory, an unknown device would not be noticed, since so many other devices are in use. This is not altogether the case in reality, due to the presence of systems such as Carnivore and Echelon, which can monitor communications over entire networks and the fact that the far end may be monitored as before. Examples include payphones, Internet cafes, etc.\r\nPrograms offering more security are <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">secure instant messaging, VoIP, secure email, IRC and webchat,</span> and so on.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the types of security?</span>\r\nSecurity can be broadly categorized under the following headings, with examples:\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">1. Hiding the content or nature of a communication</span></span>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Code</span> – a rule to convert a piece of information (for example, a letter, word, phrase, or gesture) into another form or representation (one sign into another sign), not necessarily of the same type. In communications and information processing, encoding is the process by which information from a source is converted into symbols to be communicated. Decoding is the reverse process, converting these code symbols back into information understandable by a receiver. One reason for coding is to enable communication in places where ordinary spoken or written language is difficult or impossible. For example, semaphore, where the configuration of flags held by a signaler or the arms of a semaphore tower encodes parts of the message, typically individual letters, and numbers. Another person standing a great distance away can interpret the flags and reproduce the words sent.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Encryption</span></li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Steganography</span></li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic; \">Identity-Based</span></li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">2. Hiding the parties to a communication – preventing identification, promoting anonymity</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>&quot;Crowds&quot; and similar anonymous group structures – it is difficult to identify who said what when it comes from a &quot;crowd&quot;</li><li>Anonymous communication devices – unregistered cellphones, Internet cafes</li><li>Anonymous proxies</li><li>Hard to trace routing methods – through unauthorized third-party systems, or relays</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">3. Hiding the fact that communication takes place</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>&quot;Security by obscurity&quot; – similar to a needle in a haystack</li><li>Random traffic – creating random data flow to make the presence of genuine communication harder to detect and traffic analysis less reliable</li></ul>\r\nEach of the three is important, and depending on the circumstances any of these may be critical. For example, if a communication is not readily identifiable, then it is unlikely to attract attention for identification of parties, and the mere fact communication has taken place (regardless of content) is often enough by itself to establish an evidential link in legal prosecutions. It is also important with computers, to be sure where the security is applied, and what is covered.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the methods used to &quot;break&quot; security?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Bugging</span></span>\r\nThe placing covertly of monitoring and/or transmission devices either within the communication device, or in the premises concerned.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Computers (general)</span></span>\r\nAny security obtained from a computer is limited by the many ways it can be compromised – by hacking, keystroke logging, backdoors, or even in extreme cases by monitoring the tiny electrical signals given off by keyboard or monitors to reconstruct what is typed or seen (TEMPEST, which is quite complex).\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Laser audio surveillance</span></span>\r\nSounds, including speech, inside rooms, can be sensed by bouncing a laser beam off a window of the room where a conversation is held and detecting and decoding the vibrations in the glass caused by the sound waves.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the systems offering partial security?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Anonymous cellphones.</span> Cellphones can easily be obtained, but are also easily traced and &quot;tapped&quot;. There is no (or only limited) encryption, the phones are traceable – often even when switched off – since the phone and SIM card broadcast their International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI). It is possible for a cellphone company to turn on some cellphones when the user is unaware and use the microphone to listen in on you, and according to James Atkinson, a counter-surveillance specialist cited in the same source, &quot;Security-conscious corporate executives routinely remove the batteries from their cell phones&quot; since many phones' software can be used &quot;as-is&quot;, or modified, to enable transmission without user awareness and the user can be located within a small distance using signal triangulation and now using built-in GPS features for newer models. Transceivers may also be defeated by jamming or Faraday cage.\r\nSome cellphones (Apple's iPhone, Google's Android) track and store users' position information so that movements for months or years can be determined by examining the phone.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Landlines.</span> Analog landlines are not encrypted, it lends itself to being easily tapped. Such tapping requires physical access to the line which can be easily obtained from a number of places, e.g. the phone location, distribution points, cabinets and the exchange itself. Tapping a landline in this way can enable an attacker to make calls that appear to originate from the tapped line.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Anonymous Internet.</span> Using a third-party system of any kind (payphone, Internet cafe) is often quite secure, however, if that system is used to access known locations (a known email account or 3rd party) then it may be tapped at the far end, or noted, and this will remove any security benefit obtained. Some countries also impose mandatory registration of Internet cafe users.\r\nAnonymous proxies are another common type of protection, which allows one to access the net via a third party (often in a different country) and make tracing difficult. Note that there is seldom any guarantee that the plaintext is not tappable, nor that the proxy does not keep its own records of users or entire dialogs. As a result, anonymous proxies are a generally useful tool but may not be as secure as other systems whose security can be better assured. Their most common use is to prevent a record of the originating IP, or address, being left on the target site's own records. Typical anonymous proxies are found at both regular websites such as Anonymizer.com and spynot.com, and on proxy sites which maintain up to date lists of large numbers of temporary proxies in operation.\r\nA recent development on this theme arises when wireless Internet connections (&quot;Wi-Fi&quot;) are left in their unsecured state. The effect of this is that any person in range of the base unit can piggyback the connection – that is, use it without the owner being aware. Since many connections are left open in this manner, situations where piggybacking might arise (willful or unaware) have successfully led to a defense in some cases, since it makes it difficult to prove the owner of the connection was the downloader or had knowledge of the use to which unknown others might be putting their connection. An example of this was the Tammie Marson case, where neighbors and anyone else might have been the culprit in the sharing of copyright files. Conversely, in other cases, people deliberately seek out businesses and households with unsecured connections, for illicit and anonymous Internet usage, or simply to obtain free bandwidth.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Programs offering more security.</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Secure instant messaging</span></span> – Some instant messaging clients use end-to-end encryption with forwarding secrecy to secure all instant messages to other users of the same software. Some instant messaging clients also offer end-to-end encrypted file transfer support and group messaging.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">VoIP</span></span> – Some VoIP clients implement ZRTP and SRTP encryption for calls.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Secure email</span></span> – some email networks are designed to provide encrypted and/or anonymous communication. They authenticate and encrypt on the users own computer, to prevent transmission of plain text, and mask the sender and recipient. Mixminion and I2P-Bote provide a higher level of anonymity by using a network of anonymizing intermediaries, similar to how Tor works, but at a higher latency.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">IRC and webchat</span></span> – Some IRC clients and systems use client-to-server encryption such as SSL/TLS. This is not standardized.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/diseno-plano-de-icon.png","alias":"secure-communications"},"858":{"id":858,"title":"Secure File Sharing","description":" Secure file sharing is the process of sharing one or more files securely or privately.\r\nIt enables sharing files between different users/organizations confidentially and/or within a protected mode, secure from intruders or unauthorized users.\r\nSecure file sharing is also known as protected file sharing.\r\nSecure file sharing is generally performed by encrypting the file, either before sharing or when being transmitted over the network. This is done through an encryption algorithm. The file can be shared within a local network or over a standard Internet connection. Secure file sharing can also be done through a private network connection such as a VPN.\r\nMost file-sharing services or software enable secure file sharing by restricting access to the file, such as only granting authorized personnel rights to access, view and download the file.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is file-sharing security?</span>\r\nFile sharing has grown in popularity and frequency as people work remotely and enterprises move to the cloud. However, any time employees use technology to share files between devices, there are security risks involved. File-sharing can introduce risks of malware infection, hacking, and loss or exposure of sensitive information. Without proper security measures in place, the benefits of file sharing can be significantly outweighed by the potential for exposing your company’s sensitive data to new security threats.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What Are The Pros and Cons of File Sharing?</span>\r\nThere are a number of factors to keep in mind before you start actively file sharing.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Pros:</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>It allows you to transfer large files over a network connection.</li><li>It makes it easier to collaborate with other people across the globe.</li><li>It reduces the need to maintain a central file server that is always online.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Cons:</span></span>\r\n<ul><li>The amount of bandwidth required can be costly.</li><li>Hard to trace what happens to a file after it is shared publicly.</li><li>Higher risk of acquiring a virus or other type of malware from a remote file.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are file-sharing stats?</span>\r\nWhen the topic of file-sharing comes up, most people recall the days of tools like Napster which became popular methods for illegally transferring music content around the internet in the ’90s. Today, however, file sharing is a key function for many businesses and other use cases.\r\n<ul><li>39% of business data that is uploaded to the cloud is used for file-sharing purposes.</li><li>The average company shares files with over 800 different online domains, which includes partners and vendors.</li><li>About 60% of files uploaded to a file sharing service are never actually shared with other people and are instead used as a backup copy.</li><li>About 70% of shared files are spread to only internal users in an organization.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Secure file-sharing for businesses</span>\r\nSome of the best practices when it comes to ensuring your file-sharing sessions are secure at all times.\r\n<ul><li>Pick a service that offers <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">end-to-end encryption.</span> This protects you from external hackers and also prevents the host itself from viewing your data.</li><li>Always <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">double-check permission settings.</span> Most services allow for a public sharing option, but that means that anyone with the right link can obtain your files.</li><li>Run <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">audits on your files</span> to see who is accessing them. If a file is no longer needed, remove it from your cloud system entirely.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of file sharing?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">File Transfer Protocol (FTP)</span></span>\r\nFTP was one of the first methods invented for moving data across networks and it remains very popular today thanks to its reliability and efficiency. FTP actions can be run through a command prompt window or a tool with a user interface. All it requires is for you to specify the source file you want to move and the destination where it should be placed.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Great for:</span> Large files, unusual file types, or legacy data.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Example programs:</span> FileZilla, Telnet, WinSCP.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Peer to Peer (P2P)</span></span>\r\nThe purpose of a P2P file transfer is to remove the need for a central server that hosts the data. Instead, individual clients connect to a distributed network of peers and complete the file transfers over their own network connections. P2P might eventually be used to create an unstoppable TOR. Whether or not The Onion Router (TOR) is a truly P2P environment depends on many factors, but its popularity in creating a more secure online connection is unquestioned.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Great for:</span> Sharing files with a small group of people, files that are unavailable in public repositories.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Example programs:</span> Limewire, Gnutella, BearShare.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Cloud Services</span></span>\r\nWith a cloud file sharing service, one user uploads their data to a central repository and then other users can download the files to their own devices. All data is hosted by a third party provider, although users can specify what types of permission levels to put on the files.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Great for:</span> Fast sharing of files, creating backups of data.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Example programs:</span> Dropbox, Box, OneDrive, iCloud.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Email Providers</span></span>\r\nSome people don’t realize that email can actually function as a file transfer system. Every time you attach a document to an outgoing message, you are initiating a transfer of that data over the open internet.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Great for:</span> Small files, data that need explanation.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Example programs:</span> Gmail, Outlook, Yahoo! Mail.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Removable Storage</span></span>\r\nWhen no network-based option will fulfill your needs, you can always rely on a physical drive to serve as your file transfer operation. This means you are literally copying data to a USB flash drive or external hard drive and plugging that device into the destination computer.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Great for:</span> Massive files, sensitive data.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Example programs:</span> USB thumb drives or external hard drives.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/sharefiledocumentcopying-icon.png","alias":"secure-file-sharing"}},"branches":"Information Technology","companySizes":"1 to 50 Employees","companyUrl":"https://www.nucypher.com/","countryCodes":["USA"],"certifications":[],"isSeller":true,"isSupplier":true,"isVendor":true,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"NuCypher","keywords":"","description":" NuCypher is a company that develops a data-centric zero-trust encryption platform for big data. The company offers Hadoop, a product for sharing sensitive data in compliance with governance and residency requirements. Its big data encryption layer enables org","og:title":"NuCypher","og:description":" NuCypher is a company that develops a data-centric zero-trust encryption platform for big data. The company offers Hadoop, a product for sharing sensitive data in compliance with governance and residency requirements. Its big data encryption layer enables org","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/NuCypher_logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","vendorPartners":[],"supplierPartners":[],"vendoredProducts":[{"id":4902,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/NuCypher_Logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"NuCypher","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"nucypher","companyTitle":"NuCypher","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5284,"companyAlias":"nucypher","description":"The <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">NuCypher</span> network provides accessible, intuitive, and extensible runtimes and interfaces for secrets management and dynamic access control.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Accessible</span> - The network is permissionless and censorship-resistant. There are no gate-keepers and anyone can use it.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Intuitive</span> - The network leverages the classic cryptological narrative of Alice and Bob (with additional characters where appropriate). This character-based narrative permeates the code-base and helps developers write safe, misuse-resistant code.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Extensible</span> - The network currently supports proxy re-encryption but can be extended to provide support for other cryptographic primitives.</li></ul>\r\nAccess permissions are baked into the underlying encryption, and access can only be explicitly granted by the data owner via sharing policies. Consequently, the data owner has ultimate control over access to their data. At no point is the data decrypted nor can the underlying private keys be determined by the NuCypher network.\r\nUnder the hood, the NuCypher network uses the Umbral threshold proxy re-encryption scheme to provide cryptographic access control.\r\n<ol><li>Alice, the data owner, grants access to her encrypted data to anyone she wants by creating a policy and uploading it to the NuCypher network.</li><li>A group of Ursulas, which are nodes on the NuCypher network, receive information about the policy, called a PolicyArrangement that include a re-encryption key share. The Ursulas stand ready to re-encrypt data in exchange for payment in fees and token rewards. Thanks to the use of proxy re-encryption, Ursulas and the storage layer never have access to Alice’s plaintext data.</li><li>Each policy created by Alice has an associated encryption key, which can be used by any entity (Enrico) to encrypt data on Alice’s behalf. This entity could be an IoT device in her car, a collaborator assigned the task of writing data to her policy, or even a third-party creating data that belongs to her – for example, a lab analyzing medical tests. The resulting encrypted data can be uploaded to IPFS, Swarm, S3, or any other storage layer.</li><li>Bob, a data recipient, obtains the encrypted data from the storage layer and sends an access request to the NuCypher network. If the policy is satisfied, the data is re-encrypted to his public key and he can decrypt it with his private key.</li><li>Ursulas earn fees and token rewards for performing re-encryption operations.</li></ol>","shortDescription":"A decentralized cryptological network offering accessible, intuitive, and extensible runtimes and interfaces for secrets management and dynamic access control.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":19,"sellingCount":20,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"NuCypher","keywords":"","description":"The <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">NuCypher</span> network provides accessible, intuitive, and extensible runtimes and interfaces for secrets management and dynamic access control.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Accessible</span> - The network is","og:title":"NuCypher","og:description":"The <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">NuCypher</span> network provides accessible, intuitive, and extensible runtimes and interfaces for secrets management and dynamic access control.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Accessible</span> - The network is","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/NuCypher_Logo.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":4903,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"suppliedProducts":[{"id":4902,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/NuCypher_Logo.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"NuCypher","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"nucypher","companyTitle":"NuCypher","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5284,"companyAlias":"nucypher","description":"The <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">NuCypher</span> network provides accessible, intuitive, and extensible runtimes and interfaces for secrets management and dynamic access control.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Accessible</span> - The network is permissionless and censorship-resistant. There are no gate-keepers and anyone can use it.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Intuitive</span> - The network leverages the classic cryptological narrative of Alice and Bob (with additional characters where appropriate). This character-based narrative permeates the code-base and helps developers write safe, misuse-resistant code.</li><li><span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Extensible</span> - The network currently supports proxy re-encryption but can be extended to provide support for other cryptographic primitives.</li></ul>\r\nAccess permissions are baked into the underlying encryption, and access can only be explicitly granted by the data owner via sharing policies. Consequently, the data owner has ultimate control over access to their data. 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