{"global":{"lastError":{},"locale":"en","locales":{"data":[{"id":"de","name":"Deutsch"},{"id":"en","name":"English"}],"loading":false,"error":false},"currency":{"id":49,"name":"EUR"},"currencies":{"data":[{"id":49,"name":"EUR"},{"id":124,"name":"RUB"},{"id":153,"name":"UAH"},{"id":155,"name":"USD"}],"loading":false,"error":false},"translations":{"company":{"role-vendor":{"ru":"Производитель","_type":"localeString","en":"Vendor"},"role-supplier":{"en":"Supplier","ru":"Поставщик","_type":"localeString"},"products-popover":{"ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Products","de":"die produkte"},"introduction-popover":{"ru":"внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"introduction"},"partners-popover":{"ru":"партнеры","_type":"localeString","en":"partners"},"update-profile-button":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Update profile","ru":"Обновить профиль"},"read-more-button":{"en":"Show more","ru":"Показать ещё","_type":"localeString"},"hide-button":{"ru":"Скрыть","_type":"localeString","en":"Hide"},"user-implementations":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments","ru":"Внедрения"},"categories":{"en":"Categories","ru":"Компетенции","_type":"localeString"},"description":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Description","ru":"Описание"},"role-user":{"ru":"Пользователь","_type":"localeString","en":"User"},"partnership-vendors":{"ru":"Партнерство с производителями","_type":"localeString","en":"Partnership with vendors"},"partnership-suppliers":{"ru":"Партнерство с поставщиками","_type":"localeString","en":"Partnership with suppliers"},"reference-bonus":{"ru":"Бонус за референс","_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus 4 reference"},"partner-status":{"ru":"Статус партнёра","_type":"localeString","en":"Partner status"},"country":{"ru":"Страна","_type":"localeString","en":"Country"},"partner-types":{"ru":"Типы партнеров","_type":"localeString","en":"Partner types"},"branch-popover":{"ru":"область деятельности","_type":"localeString","en":"branch"},"employees-popover":{"en":"number of employees","ru":"количество сотрудников","_type":"localeString"},"partnership-programme":{"ru":"Партнерская программа","_type":"localeString","en":"Partnership program"},"partner-discounts":{"ru":"Партнерские скидки","_type":"localeString","en":"Partner discounts"},"registered-discounts":{"ru":"Дополнительные преимущества за регистрацию сделки","_type":"localeString","en":"Additional benefits for registering a deal"},"additional-advantages":{"ru":"Дополнительные преимущества","_type":"localeString","en":"Additional Benefits"},"additional-requirements":{"ru":"Требования к уровню партнера","_type":"localeString","en":"Partner level requirements"},"certifications":{"ru":"Сертификация технических специалистов","_type":"localeString","en":"Certification of technical specialists"},"sales-plan":{"ru":"Годовой план продаж","_type":"localeString","en":"Annual Sales Plan"},"partners-vendors":{"en":"Partners-vendors","ru":"Партнеры-производители","_type":"localeString"},"partners-suppliers":{"ru":"Партнеры-поставщики","_type":"localeString","en":"Partners-suppliers"},"all-countries":{"ru":"Все страны","_type":"localeString","en":"All countries"},"supplied-products":{"ru":"Поставляемые продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Supplied products"},"vendored-products":{"en":"Produced products","ru":"Производимые продукты","_type":"localeString"},"vendor-implementations":{"ru":"Производимые внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Produced deployments"},"supplier-implementations":{"ru":"Поставляемые внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Supplied deployments"},"show-all":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Show all","ru":"Показать все"},"not-yet-converted":{"ru":"Данные модерируются и вскоре будут опубликованы. Попробуйте повторить переход через некоторое время.","_type":"localeString","en":"Data is moderated and will be published soon. Please, try again later."},"schedule-event":{"en":"Events schedule","ru":"Pасписание событий","_type":"localeString"},"implementations":{"ru":"Внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments"},"register":{"en":"Register","ru":"Регистрация ","_type":"localeString"},"login":{"ru":"Вход","_type":"localeString","en":"Login"},"auth-message":{"ru":"Для просмотра ивентов компании авторизируйтесь или зарегистрируйтесь на сайт.","_type":"localeString","en":"To view company events please log in or register on the sit."},"company-presentation":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Company presentation","ru":"Презентация компании"}},"header":{"help":{"en":"Help","de":"Hilfe","ru":"Помощь","_type":"localeString"},"how":{"en":"How does it works","de":"Wie funktioniert es","ru":"Как это работает","_type":"localeString"},"login":{"de":"Einloggen","ru":"Вход","_type":"localeString","en":"Log in"},"logout":{"ru":"Выйти","_type":"localeString","en":"Sign out"},"faq":{"ru":"FAQ","_type":"localeString","en":"FAQ","de":"FAQ"},"references":{"de":"References","ru":"Мои запросы","_type":"localeString","en":"Requests"},"solutions":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Solutions","ru":"Возможности"},"find-it-product":{"ru":"Подбор и сравнение ИТ продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Selection and comparison of IT product"},"autoconfigurator":{"en":" Price calculator","ru":"Калькулятор цены","_type":"localeString"},"comparison-matrix":{"ru":"Матрица сравнения","_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison Matrix"},"roi-calculators":{"ru":"ROI калькуляторы","_type":"localeString","en":"ROI calculators"},"b4r":{"ru":"Бонус за референс","_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus for reference"},"business-booster":{"ru":"Развитие бизнеса","_type":"localeString","en":"Business boosting"},"catalogs":{"ru":"Каталоги","_type":"localeString","en":"Catalogs"},"products":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Products","ru":"Продукты"},"implementations":{"ru":"Внедрения","_type":"localeString","en":"Deployments"},"companies":{"en":"Companies","ru":"Компании","_type":"localeString"},"categories":{"ru":"Категории","_type":"localeString","en":"Categories"},"for-suppliers":{"en":"For suppliers","ru":"Поставщикам","_type":"localeString"},"blog":{"ru":"Блог","_type":"localeString","en":"Blog"},"agreements":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Deals","ru":"Сделки"},"my-account":{"ru":"Мой кабинет","_type":"localeString","en":"My account"},"register":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Register","ru":"Зарегистрироваться"},"comparison-deletion":{"en":"Deletion","ru":"Удаление","_type":"localeString"},"comparison-confirm":{"ru":"Подтвердите удаление","_type":"localeString","en":"Are you sure you want to delete"},"search-placeholder":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Enter your search term","ru":"Введите поисковый запрос"},"my-profile":{"en":"My profile","ru":"Мои данные","_type":"localeString"},"about":{"_type":"localeString","en":"About Us"},"it_catalogs":{"en":"IT catalogs","_type":"localeString"},"roi4presenter":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Roi4Presenter"},"roi4webinar":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pitch Avatar"},"sub_it_catalogs":{"en":"Find IT product","_type":"localeString"},"sub_b4reference":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Get reference from user"},"sub_roi4presenter":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Make online presentations"},"sub_roi4webinar":{"en":"Create an avatar for the event","_type":"localeString"},"catalogs_new":{"en":"Products","_type":"localeString"},"b4reference":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus4Reference"},"it_our_it_catalogs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Our IT Catalogs"},"it_products":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Find and compare IT products"},"it_implementations":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Learn implementation reviews"},"it_companies":{"en":"Find vendor and company-supplier","_type":"localeString"},"it_categories":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Explore IT products by category"},"it_our_products":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Our Products"},"it_it_catalogs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"IT catalogs"}},"footer":{"copyright":{"de":"Alle rechte vorbehalten","ru":"Все права защищены","_type":"localeString","en":"All rights reserved"},"company":{"en":"My Company","de":"Über die Firma","ru":"О компании","_type":"localeString"},"about":{"de":"Über uns","ru":"О нас","_type":"localeString","en":"About us"},"infocenter":{"en":"Infocenter","de":"Infocenter","ru":"Инфоцентр","_type":"localeString"},"tariffs":{"ru":"Тарифы","_type":"localeString","en":"Subscriptions","de":"Tarife"},"contact":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Contact us","de":"Kontaktiere uns","ru":"Связаться с нами"},"marketplace":{"de":"Marketplace","ru":"Marketplace","_type":"localeString","en":"Marketplace"},"products":{"en":"Products","de":"Produkte","ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString"},"compare":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pick and compare","de":"Wähle und vergleiche","ru":"Подобрать и сравнить"},"calculate":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Calculate the cost","de":"Kosten berechnen","ru":"Расчитать стоимость"},"get_bonus":{"de":"Holen Sie sich einen Rabatt","ru":"Бонус за референс","_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus for reference"},"salestools":{"ru":"Salestools","_type":"localeString","en":"Salestools","de":"Salestools"},"automatization":{"en":"Settlement Automation","de":"Abwicklungsautomatisierung","ru":"Автоматизация расчетов","_type":"localeString"},"roi_calcs":{"en":"ROI calculators","de":"ROI-Rechner","ru":"ROI калькуляторы","_type":"localeString"},"matrix":{"de":"Vergleichsmatrix","ru":"Матрица сравнения","_type":"localeString","en":"Comparison matrix"},"b4r":{"ru":"Rebate 4 Reference","_type":"localeString","en":"Rebate 4 Reference","de":"Rebate 4 Reference"},"our_social":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Our social networks","de":"Unsere sozialen Netzwerke","ru":"Наши социальные сети"},"subscribe":{"de":"Melden Sie sich für den Newsletter an","ru":"Подпишитесь на рассылку","_type":"localeString","en":"Subscribe to newsletter"},"subscribe_info":{"en":"and be the first to know about promotions, new features and recent software reviews","ru":"и узнавайте первыми об акциях, новых возможностях и свежих обзорах софта","_type":"localeString"},"policy":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Privacy Policy","ru":"Политика конфиденциальности"},"user_agreement":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Agreement","ru":"Пользовательское соглашение "},"solutions":{"en":"Solutions","ru":"Возможности","_type":"localeString"},"find":{"ru":"Подбор и сравнение ИТ продукта","_type":"localeString","en":"Selection and comparison of IT product"},"quote":{"ru":"Калькулятор цены","_type":"localeString","en":"Price calculator"},"boosting":{"en":"Business boosting","ru":"Развитие бизнеса","_type":"localeString"},"4vendors":{"ru":"поставщикам","_type":"localeString","en":"4 vendors"},"blog":{"en":"blog","ru":"блог","_type":"localeString"},"pay4content":{"en":"we pay for content","ru":"платим за контент","_type":"localeString"},"categories":{"en":"categories","ru":"категории","_type":"localeString"},"showForm":{"ru":"Показать форму","_type":"localeString","en":"Show form"},"subscribe__title":{"_type":"localeString","en":"We send a digest of actual news from the IT world once in a month!","ru":"Раз в месяц мы отправляем дайджест актуальных новостей ИТ мира!"},"subscribe__email-label":{"ru":"Email","_type":"localeString","en":"Email"},"subscribe__name-label":{"ru":"Имя","_type":"localeString","en":"Name"},"subscribe__required-message":{"_type":"localeString","en":"This field is required","ru":"Это поле обязательное"},"subscribe__notify-label":{"en":"Yes, please, notify me about news, events and propositions","ru":"Да, пожалуйста уведомляйте меня о новостях, событиях и предложениях","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__agree-label":{"en":"By subscribing to the newsletter, you agree to the %TERMS% and %POLICY% and agree to the use of cookies and the transfer of your personal data","ru":"Подписываясь на рассылку, вы соглашаетесь с %TERMS% и %POLICY% и даете согласие на использование файлов cookie и передачу своих персональных данных*","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__submit-label":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Subscribe","ru":"Подписаться"},"subscribe__email-message":{"en":"Please, enter the valid email","ru":"Пожалуйста, введите корректный адрес электронной почты","_type":"localeString"},"subscribe__email-placeholder":{"ru":"username@gmail.com","_type":"localeString","en":"username@gmail.com"},"subscribe__name-placeholder":{"ru":"Имя Фамилия","_type":"localeString","en":"Last, first name"},"subscribe__success":{"_type":"localeString","en":"You are successfully subscribed! Check you mailbox.","ru":"Вы успешно подписаны на рассылку. Проверьте свой почтовый ящик."},"subscribe__error":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Subscription is unsuccessful. Please, try again later.","ru":"Не удалось оформить подписку. Пожалуйста, попробуйте позднее."},"roi4presenter":{"de":"roi4presenter","ru":"roi4presenter","_type":"localeString","en":"Roi4Presenter"},"it_catalogs":{"_type":"localeString","en":"IT catalogs"},"roi4webinar":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Pitch Avatar"},"b4reference":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Bonus4Reference"}},"breadcrumbs":{"home":{"en":"Home","ru":"Главная","_type":"localeString"},"companies":{"ru":"Компании","_type":"localeString","en":"Companies"},"products":{"ru":"Продукты","_type":"localeString","en":"Products"},"implementations":{"en":"Deployments","ru":"Внедрения","_type":"localeString"},"login":{"en":"Login","ru":"Вход","_type":"localeString"},"registration":{"en":"Registration","ru":"Регистрация","_type":"localeString"},"b2b-platform":{"en":"B2B platform for IT buyers, vendors and suppliers","ru":"Портал для покупателей, поставщиков и производителей ИТ","_type":"localeString"}},"comment-form":{"title":{"ru":"Оставить комментарий","_type":"localeString","en":"Leave comment"},"firstname":{"en":"First name","ru":"Имя","_type":"localeString"},"lastname":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Last name","ru":"Фамилия"},"company":{"ru":"Компания","_type":"localeString","en":"Company name"},"position":{"ru":"Должность","_type":"localeString","en":"Position"},"actual-cost":{"en":"Actual cost","ru":"Фактическая стоимость","_type":"localeString"},"received-roi":{"ru":"Полученный ROI","_type":"localeString","en":"Received ROI"},"saving-type":{"ru":"Тип экономии","_type":"localeString","en":"Saving type"},"comment":{"_type":"localeString","en":"Comment","ru":"Комментарий"},"your-rate":{"en":"Your rate","ru":"Ваша оценка","_type":"localeString"},"i-agree":{"ru":"Я согласен","_type":"localeString","en":"I agree"},"terms-of-use":{"ru":"С пользовательским соглашением и политикой конфиденциальности","_type":"localeString","en":"With user agreement and privacy policy"},"send":{"ru":"Отправить","_type":"localeString","en":"Send"},"required-message":{"_type":"localeString","en":"{NAME} is required filed","ru":"{NAME} - это обязательное поле"}},"maintenance":{"title":{"ru":"На сайте проводятся технические работы","_type":"localeString","en":"Site under maintenance"},"message":{"ru":"Спасибо за ваше понимание","_type":"localeString","en":"Thank you for your understanding"}}},"translationsStatus":{"company":"success"},"sections":{},"sectionsStatus":{},"pageMetaData":{"company":{"title":{"ru":"ROI4CIO: Компания","_type":"localeString","en":"ROI4CIO: Company"},"meta":[{"name":"og:image","content":"https://roi4cio.com/fileadmin/templates/roi4cio/image/roi4cio-logobig.jpg"},{"name":"og:type","content":"website"}],"translatable_meta":[{"name":"title","translations":{"ru":"Компания","_type":"localeString","en":"Company"}},{"name":"description","translations":{"ru":"Описание компании","_type":"localeString","en":"Company description"}},{"translations":{"ru":"Ключевые слова для компании","_type":"localeString","en":"Company keywords"},"name":"keywords"}]}},"pageMetaDataStatus":{"company":"success"},"subscribeInProgress":false,"subscribeError":false},"auth":{"inProgress":false,"error":false,"checked":true,"initialized":false,"user":{},"role":null,"expires":null},"products":{"productsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null,"useProductLoading":false,"sellProductLoading":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{}},"filters":{"filterCriterias":{"loading":false,"error":null,"data":{"price":{"min":0,"max":6000},"users":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"suppliers":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"vendors":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}},"roles":{"id":200,"title":"Roles","values":{"1":{"id":1,"title":"User","translationKey":"user"},"2":{"id":2,"title":"Supplier","translationKey":"supplier"},"3":{"id":3,"title":"Vendor","translationKey":"vendor"}}},"categories":{"flat":[],"tree":[]},"countries":{"loading":false,"error":null,"ids":[],"values":{}}}},"showAIFilter":false},"companies":{"companiesByAlias":{"apple":{"id":2972,"title":"Apple","logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/Apple_logo_black.svg.png","alias":"apple","address":"","roles":[{"id":3,"type":"vendor"}],"description":"Apple is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. Its hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, and the Apple TV digital media player. Apple's consumer software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites. Its online services include the iTunes Store, the iOS App Store and Mac App Store, Apple Music, and iCloud.\r\n\r\nApple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne in April 1976 to develop and sell personal computers. It was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. in January 1977, and was renamed as Apple Inc. in January 2007 to reflect its shifted focus toward consumer electronics. Apple (NASDAQ: AAPL) joined the Dow Jones Industrial Average in March 2015.\r\n\r\nSource: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.","companyTypes":["vendor"],"products":{},"vendoredProductsCount":1,"suppliedProductsCount":1,"supplierImplementations":[],"vendorImplementations":[],"userImplementations":[],"userImplementationsCount":0,"supplierImplementationsCount":0,"vendorImplementationsCount":0,"vendorPartnersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":1,"b4r":0,"categories":{"281":{"id":281,"title":"Authoring and Publishing Software","description":" Authoring and publishing software is used to author, edit, and publish brochures, books, pamphlets, and other documents.\r\nApplications provide page layout tools and may include various photo editing, video editing, and media management features.\r\n<ul><li>Basic desktop publishing software allows home-based businesses to apply templates, create style sheets, and insert images for newsletters, business cards, and product brochures.</li><li>Intermediate desktop publishing software allows graphic artists and service bureaus to import content from external databases and layout tabular material for scientific publications, technical reports, and academic journals.</li><li>Advanced authoring and publishing software provides tools for pre-flighting, the process of checking digital files for compliance with printing industry standards.</li></ul>\r\nTypically, publishing software with a centralized formatting function uses a single style sheet to provide all of the format specifications for page tags, paragraph and character tags, and frame tags. Because each chapter is controlled by the same style sheet, changes are made in one place and applied across the entire document. Authoring and publishing software for reference manuals, academic journals, and other technical publications may also include an equation editor for controlling the appearance of equations and formulas. Support for hypertext markup language (HTML), portable document format (PDF), and cascading style sheets (CSS) is commonly available.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is authorware?</span>\r\nAuthoring tool, also known as authorware, is a program that helps you write hypertext or multimedia applications. Authoring tools usually enable you to create a final application merely by linking together objects, such as a paragraph of text, an illustration, or a song. By defining the objects' relationships to each other, and by sequencing them in an appropriate order, authors (those who use authoring tools) can produce attractive and useful graphics applications. Most authoring systems also support a scripting language for more sophisticated applications.\r\nThe distinction between authoring tools and programming tools is not clear-cut. Typically, though, authoring tools require less technical knowledge to master and are used exclusively for applications that present a mixture of textual, graphical, and audio data.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Authoring_and_Publishing_Software.png","alias":"authoring-and-publishing-software"},"295":{"id":295,"title":"Operating System and Subsystem","description":" Operating systems (OS) are programs that act as an interface between a computer’s hardware and its user. Subsystems are a part of larger systems such as operating systems; multiple subsystems can be loaded in the operating system. It bridges the gap between the users and the computer hardware. There are different types of operating systems based on their usage such as real-time, multi-user, distributed, embedded, single-user single-task and single-user multi-task. Operating systems are required in all electronic interactive systems such as mobile phones, washing machines, and computers. Various types of OS include Microsoft Windows, Linux, UNIX, Symbian, Android, and Apple Mac OS among others.\r\nTechnological advancements and rising awareness among consumers has to lead to increased demand for computer systems, consequently increasing the demand for operating systems and driving the market. However, the growth has been hampered by the rapid usage of pirated versions of operating systems. Moreover, the development of different applications in mobile phones mainly due to android OS among the youth will open the opportunities of operating system market in the upcoming years.\r\nCurrently, there are a large number of different types of operating systems that differ in application areas, hardware platforms, implementation methods, etc.\r\nA subsystem is a unit or device that is part of a larger system. For example, a disk subsystem is a part of a computer system. A bus is a part of the computer. A subsystem usually refers to hardware, but it may be used to describe software. However, "module," "subroutine" and "component" are more typically used to describe parts of the software.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is an operating system (OS)?</span>\r\nAn operating system (OS) is software, consisting of programs and data, that runs on computers and manages the computer hardware and provides common services for efficient execution of various application software. For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and the computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware, but will frequently call the OS or be interrupted by it. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer - from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the tasks of the Operating system?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Processor Management:</span></span> The main tasks in processor management are ensuring that each process and application receives enough of the processor's time to function properly, using maximum processor cycles for real work as is possible and switch between processes in a multi-tasking environment.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Memory and Storage Management:</span></span> The tasks include allotting enough memory required for each process to execute and efficiently use the different types of memory in the system.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Device Management:</span></span> The operating system manages all hardware not on the processor through driver programs. Drivers provide a way for applications to make use of hardware subsystems without having to know every detail of the hardware's operation. The driver's function is to be the translator between the electrical signals of the hardware subsystems and the high-level programming languages of the operating system and application programs. One reason that drivers are separate from the operating system is for the upgradability of devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Providing Common Application Interface:</span></span> Application program interfaces (APIs) let application programmers use functions of the computer and operating system without having to directly keep track of all the details in the processor's operation. Once the programmer uses the APIs, the operating system, connected to drivers for the various hardware subsystems, deals with the changing details of the hardware.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic;\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Providing Common User Interface:</span></span> A user interface (UI) brings a formal structure to the interaction between a user and the computer.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Operating_System_and_Subsystem__1_.png","alias":"operating-system-and-subsystem"},"441":{"id":441,"title":"Pen Tablets","description":" A graphics tablet (also known as a digitizer, drawing tablet, drawing pad, digital drawing tablet, pen tablet, or digital art board) is a computer input device that enables a user to hand-draw images, animations and graphics, with a special pen-like stylus, similar to the way a person draws images with a pencil and paper. These tablets may also be used to capture data or handwritten signatures. It can also be used to trace an image from a piece of paper which is taped or otherwise secured to the tablet surface. Capturing data in this way, by tracing or entering the corners of linear poly-lines or shapes, is called digitizing.\r\nThe device consists of a flat surface upon which the user may "draw" or trace an image using the attached stylus, a pen-like drawing apparatus. The image is displayed on the computer monitor, though some graphic tablets now also incorporate an LCD screen for a more realistic or natural experience and usability.\r\nSome tablets are intended as a replacement for the computer mouse as the primary pointing and navigation device for desktop computers.\r\nGraphic tablets, because of their stylus-based interface and ability to detect some or all of pressure, tilt, and other attributes of the stylus and its interaction with the tablet, are widely considered to offer a very natural way to create computer graphics, especially two-dimensional computer graphics. Indeed, many graphic packages can make use of the pressure (and, sometimes, stylus tilt or rotation) information generated by a tablet, by modifying the brush size, shape, opacity, color, or other attributes based on data received from the graphic tablet.\r\nIn East Asia, graphic tablets, known as "pen tablets", are widely used in conjunction with input-method editor software (IMEs) to write Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters (CJK). The technology is popular and inexpensive and offers a method for interacting with the computer in a more natural way than typing on the keyboard, with the pen tablet supplanting the role of the computer mouse. Uptake of handwriting recognition among users who use alphabetic scripts has been slower.\r\nGraphic tablets are commonly used in the artistic world. Using a pen-like stylus on a graphic tablet combined with a graphics-editing program, such as Illustrator or Photoshop by Adobe Systems, or CorelDraw, gives artists a lot of precision when creating digital drawings or artwork. Photographers can also find working with a graphic tablet during their post processing can really speed up tasks like creating a detailed layer mask or dodging and burning.\r\nEducators make use of tablets in classrooms to project handwritten notes or lessons and to allow students to do the same, as well as providing feedback on student work submitted electronically. Online teachers may also use a tablet for marking student work, or for live tutorials or lessons, especially where complex visual information or mathematical equations are required. Students are also increasingly using them as note-taking devices, especially during university lectures while following along with the lecturer.\r\nTablets are also popular for technical drawings and CAD, as one can typically put a piece of paper on them without interfering with their function.\r\nFinally, tablets are gaining popularity as a replacement for the computer mouse as a pointing device. They can feel more intuitive to some users than a mouse, as the position of a pen on a tablet typically corresponds to the location of the pointer on the GUI shown on the computer screen. Those artists using a pen for graphic work will as a matter of convenience use a tablet and pen for standard computer operations rather than put down the pen and find a mouse. A popular game osu! allows utilizing a tablet as a way of playing.\r\nGraphic tablets are available in various sizes and price ranges; A6-sized tablets being relatively inexpensive and A3-sized tablets far more expensive. Modern tablets usually connect to the computer via a USB or HDMI interface. ","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a pen tablet?</span>\r\nAlso called a drawing tablet or a pen tablet, a graphics tablet is a natural input device that converts information from a handheld stylus. The user uses the stylus like a pen, pencil, or paintbrush, pressing its tip on the tablet surface. The device can also be used in the replacement of a computer mouse.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Who uses graphics tablets?</span>\r\n<ul><li>Architects and Engineers;</li><li>Artists;</li><li>Cartoonist;</li><li>Fashion designers;</li><li>Graphic designers;</li><li>Illustrators;</li><li>Photographers;</li><li>Teachers.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Pen_Tablets.png","alias":"pen-tablets"},"453":{"id":453,"title":"Desktop PC","description":" A desktop computer is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements. The most common configuration has a case that houses the power supply, motherboard (a printed circuit board with a microprocessor as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, bus, and other electronic components), disk storage (usually one or more hard disk drives, solid state drives, optical disc drives, and in early models a floppy disk drive); a keyboard and mouse for input; and a computer monitor, speakers, and, often, a printer for output. The case may be oriented horizontally or vertically and placed either underneath, beside, or on top of a desk.\r\nDesktop computers are designed to work at the table. Usually, they are bigger and more powerful than other types of personal computers. Desktop computers are made up of individual components. The main component is called the system unit - usually, it is a rectangular case that is on or under the table. Other components, such as the monitor, mouse and keyboard, are connected to the system unit.\r\nAs a rule, all additional external devices are connected to the PC system unit using special connectors. Their main part is located on its rear wall. Some, the most popular ones, are brought to the front, for example, USB connectors and audio outputs. The system unit itself consists of internal devices, called components.","materialsDescription":" Main components of the desktop system unit:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A CPU</span> is the main information processing and computer control device.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A video card</span> is a device for processing two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics, as well as displaying an image on a monitor (screen).</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">RAM</span> - used for short-term storage of data during operation of the computer. When it is turned off, the information recorded in the RAM disappears.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A storage device (hard disk)</span> - used as the primary means for storing all user data and programs. Its capacity is much more than the amount of RAM, however, the speed of reading and writing information is less than when working with RAM.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A motherboard</span> is a complex device that combines all the components of a personal computer and ensures their well-coordinated work.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">An optical drive</span> - a device for reading and writing information on optical CDs, DVDs and Blue-ray discs.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A case</span> - protects all components from harmful external influences (for example, moisture) and gives an aesthetic look to your computer.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">A power supply unit</span> converts the alternating current of ordinary electric networks of high voltage (220 Volt) into direct current of low voltage (12 V, 5 V and 3 V), required for powering computer components.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Desktop_PC.png","alias":"desktop-pc"},"455":{"id":455,"title":"Portable PC","description":" A portable computer is a computer designed to be easily moved from one place to another and included a display and keyboard. The first commercially sold portable was the 50 pound IBM 5100, introduced 1975. The next major portables were Osborne's 24 pound CP/M-based Osborne 1 (1981) and Compaq's 28 pound 100% IBM PC compatible Compaq Portable (1983). These "luggable" computers lacked the next technological development, not requiring an external power source; that feature was introduced by the laptop. Laptops were followed by lighter models, so that in the 2000's mobile devices and by 2007 smartphones made the term almost meaningless. The 2010's introduced wearable computers such as smartwatches.\r\nPortable computers, by their nature, are generally microcomputers. Larger portable computers were commonly known as 'Lunchbox' or 'Luggable' computers. They are also called 'Portable Workstations' or 'Portable PCs'. In Japan they were often called 'Bentocom'. (ベントコン, Bentokon) from "bento".\r\nPortable computers, more narrowly defined, are distinct from desktop replacement computers in that they usually were constructed from full-specification desktop components, and often do not incorporate features associated with laptops or mobile devices. A portable computer in this usage, versus a laptop or other mobile computing device, have a standard motherboard or backplane providing plug-in slots for add-in cards. This allows mission specific cards such as test, A/D, or communication protocol (IEEE-488, 1553) to be installed. Portable computers also provide for more disk storage by using standard disk drives and provide for multiple drives.\r\nPortable computers have been increasing in popularity over the past decade, as they do not restrict the user's mobility as a desktop computer does, and do not restrict the computer power and storage available as a laptop computer does. Wireless access to the Internet, extended battery life, and more elaborate cases permitting multiple screens and even significant RAID capacity, have contributed.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What does Portable Computer mean?</span>\r\nA Portable computer is a computer that comes with a keyboard and display and one which can be easily relocated or transported, although less convenient compared to a notebook.\r\nThey have lower specifications and are not well suited for full-time usage as they are less ergonomic. However, they take less space than desktop computers and come with most features found on a desktop. \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the advantages of portable PC?</span>\r\nAdvantages of a portable computer:\r\n<ul><li>Compared to other mobile computing device or laptop, portable computer makes use of standard motherboards and also provide plug in slots for add in cards.</li><li>Portability and flexibility to use is a definite advantage for portable computer over desktop computers.</li><li>Portable computers use less space than desktop computers and are smaller in size.</li><li>Compared to a desktop computer, the power consumed is less in case of portable computer and can help in power and cost savings.</li><li>Compared to desktop computers, immediacy is more pronounced in the case of portable computers.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the disadvantages of portable PC?</span>\r\nDisadvantages of a portable computer:\r\n<ul><li>They have a lower specification than most desktop systems.</li><li>They are less ergonomic and are less suited for full-time usage in most of the cases.</li><li>Expansion is tough and any repair could prove costly.</li><li>Most of portable computers are not upgradeable.</li><li>Compared to desktop systems, they are less reliable mostly due to overheating problems and often run slower.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Portrable_PC.png","alias":"portable-pc"},"878":{"id":878,"title":"Remote Desktop Software","description":"The term remote desktop refers to a software or operating system feature that allows a personal computer's desktop environment to be run remotely on one system (usually a PC, but the concept applies equally to a server), while being displayed on a separate client device. Remote desktop applications have varying features. Some allow attaching to an existing user's session (i.e., a running desktop) and "remote controlling", either displaying the remote control session or blanking the screen. Taking over a desktop remotely is a form of remote administration.\r\nRemote access can also be explained as remote control of a computer by using another device connected via the Internet or another network. This is widely used by many computer manufacturers and large businesses' help desks for technical troubleshooting of their customers' problems.\r\nRemote desktop software captures the mouse and keyboard inputs from the local computer (client) and sends them to the remote computer (server). The remote computer in turn sends the display commands to the local computer. When applications with many graphics including video or 3D models need to be controlled remotely, a remote workstation software that sends the pixels rather than the display commands must be used to provide a smooth, like-local experience. HP Remote Graphics Software is one such remote workstation solution.\r\nRemote desktop sharing is accomplished through a common client/server model. The client, or VNC viewer, is installed on a local computer and then connects via a network to a server component, which is installed on the remote computer. In a typical VNC session, all keystrokes and mouse clicks are registered as if the client were actually performing tasks on the end-user machine.\r\nThe target computer in a remote desktop scenario is still able to access all of its core functions. Many of these core functions, including the main clipboard, can be shared between the target computer and remote desktop client.\r\nA main use of remote desktop software is remote administration and remote implementation. This need arises when software buyers are far away from their software vendor. Most remote access software can be used for "headless computers": instead of each computer having its own monitor, keyboard and mouse or using a KVM switch, one computer can have a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and remote control software, and control many headless computers. The duplicate desktop mode is useful for user support and education. Remote control software combined with telephone communication can be nearly as helpful for novice computer-users as if the support staff were actually there.\r\nSince the advent of cloud computing, remote desktop software can be housed on USB hardware devices, allowing users to connect the device to any PC connected to their network or the Internet and recreate their desktop via a connection to the cloud. This model avoids one problem with remote desktop software, which requires the local computer to be switched on at the time when the user wishes to access it remotely. (It is possible with a router with C2S VPN support, and Wake on LAN equipment, to establish a virtual private network (VPN) connection with the router over the Internet, if not connected to the LAN, switch on a computer connected to the router, then connect to it.)\r\nRemote desktop products are available in three models: hosted service, software, and appliance.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Remote Desktop Software?</span>\r\nRemote Desktop Software is a tool that uses Virtual Network Computing (VNC) to allow one computer to remotely access and control another computer over an internet/network connection.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How does Remote Desktop Software Work?</span>\r\nRemote Desktop Software uses a client-server model to connect to and control a computer remotely:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Server:</span> The server is a remote device that is being controlled.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Client:</span> The client is the local device used to control the server.</li></ul>\r\nThe server's UI is displayed on the client monitor which enables the client to control the server via keyboard and mouse inputs. These inputs are executed in the server's environment, and the UI is updated in the client's display accordingly.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is Remote Desktop Software used?</span>\r\nRemote desktop software is a tool that allows you to use the remote desktop feature seamlessly. It is used mainly for the following purposes:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Troubleshooting:</span> IT Admins are on call 24/7 and a remote access tool helps them save time and effort by allowing them to fix issues remotely within a few minutes.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Help Desk:</span> Help Desk technicians' primary responsibility is to resolve any issues that customers might face while using their product, and this more often than not involves taking remote control of their customers' devices. Work from home: People that work from home often need to remotely connect to and use their corporate devices for various purposes.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Personal use:</span> You can remotely access a computer at your home when you're on the move, to access files or personal documents you may require urgently.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/remote.png","alias":"remote-desktop-software"}},"branches":"Information Technology","companySizes":"More than 2000 Employees","companyUrl":"http://www.apple.com/","countryCodes":["CAN","GBR","MEX","SGP","USA"],"certifications":[],"isSeller":true,"isSupplier":false,"isVendor":true,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"Apple","keywords":"Apple, player, consumer, media, computer, Store, services, online","description":"Apple is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. Its hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet c","og:title":"Apple","og:description":"Apple is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services. Its hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet c","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/Apple_logo_black.svg.png"},"eventUrl":"","vendorPartners":[],"supplierPartners":[{"supplier":"ASBIS","partnershipLevel":"Certified Partner","countries":"","partnersType":""}],"vendoredProducts":[{"id":5960,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Apple_Remote_Desktop.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Apple Remote Desktop","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"1.40","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":1,"alias":"apple-remote-desktop","companyTitle":"Apple","companyTypes":["vendor"],"companyId":2972,"companyAlias":"apple","description":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Apple Remote Desktop (ARD)</span> is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Inc., first released on March 14, 2002, that replaced a similar product called Apple Network Assistant. Aimed at computer administrators responsible for large numbers of computers and teachers who need to assist individuals or perform group demonstrations, Apple Remote Desktop allows users to remotely control or monitor other computers over a network.</p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Control the screen and communicate with users</span></p>\r\n<p>You can control the screen and message users, allowing them to interact with you.</p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Create lists of computers</span></p>\r\n<p>Create different lists of computers so they can be managed effectively.</p>\r\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Manage computers remotely</span></p>\r\n<p>You can manage computers remotely, send files, and update settings.</p>","shortDescription":"Apple Remote Desktop (ARD) is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Inc. Apple Remote Desktop allows users to remotely control or monitor other computers over a network.","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Apple Remote Desktop","keywords":"","description":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Apple Remote Desktop (ARD)</span> is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Inc., first released on March 14, 2002, that replaced a similar product called Apple Network Assistant. Aimed at computer administrators responsi","og:title":"Apple Remote Desktop","og:description":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Apple Remote Desktop (ARD)</span> is a Macintosh application produced by Apple Inc., first released on March 14, 2002, that replaced a similar product called Apple Network Assistant. Aimed at computer administrators responsi","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Apple_Remote_Desktop.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":5960,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[{"id":136,"title":"Remote Desktop Software"}],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":878,"title":"Remote Desktop Software","alias":"remote-desktop-software","description":"The term remote desktop refers to a software or operating system feature that allows a personal computer's desktop environment to be run remotely on one system (usually a PC, but the concept applies equally to a server), while being displayed on a separate client device. Remote desktop applications have varying features. Some allow attaching to an existing user's session (i.e., a running desktop) and "remote controlling", either displaying the remote control session or blanking the screen. Taking over a desktop remotely is a form of remote administration.\r\nRemote access can also be explained as remote control of a computer by using another device connected via the Internet or another network. This is widely used by many computer manufacturers and large businesses' help desks for technical troubleshooting of their customers' problems.\r\nRemote desktop software captures the mouse and keyboard inputs from the local computer (client) and sends them to the remote computer (server). The remote computer in turn sends the display commands to the local computer. When applications with many graphics including video or 3D models need to be controlled remotely, a remote workstation software that sends the pixels rather than the display commands must be used to provide a smooth, like-local experience. HP Remote Graphics Software is one such remote workstation solution.\r\nRemote desktop sharing is accomplished through a common client/server model. The client, or VNC viewer, is installed on a local computer and then connects via a network to a server component, which is installed on the remote computer. In a typical VNC session, all keystrokes and mouse clicks are registered as if the client were actually performing tasks on the end-user machine.\r\nThe target computer in a remote desktop scenario is still able to access all of its core functions. Many of these core functions, including the main clipboard, can be shared between the target computer and remote desktop client.\r\nA main use of remote desktop software is remote administration and remote implementation. This need arises when software buyers are far away from their software vendor. Most remote access software can be used for "headless computers": instead of each computer having its own monitor, keyboard and mouse or using a KVM switch, one computer can have a monitor, keyboard, mouse, and remote control software, and control many headless computers. The duplicate desktop mode is useful for user support and education. Remote control software combined with telephone communication can be nearly as helpful for novice computer-users as if the support staff were actually there.\r\nSince the advent of cloud computing, remote desktop software can be housed on USB hardware devices, allowing users to connect the device to any PC connected to their network or the Internet and recreate their desktop via a connection to the cloud. This model avoids one problem with remote desktop software, which requires the local computer to be switched on at the time when the user wishes to access it remotely. (It is possible with a router with C2S VPN support, and Wake on LAN equipment, to establish a virtual private network (VPN) connection with the router over the Internet, if not connected to the LAN, switch on a computer connected to the router, then connect to it.)\r\nRemote desktop products are available in three models: hosted service, software, and appliance.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Remote Desktop Software?</span>\r\nRemote Desktop Software is a tool that uses Virtual Network Computing (VNC) to allow one computer to remotely access and control another computer over an internet/network connection.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">How does Remote Desktop Software Work?</span>\r\nRemote Desktop Software uses a client-server model to connect to and control a computer remotely:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Server:</span> The server is a remote device that is being controlled.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Client:</span> The client is the local device used to control the server.</li></ul>\r\nThe server's UI is displayed on the client monitor which enables the client to control the server via keyboard and mouse inputs. These inputs are executed in the server's environment, and the UI is updated in the client's display accordingly.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is Remote Desktop Software used?</span>\r\nRemote desktop software is a tool that allows you to use the remote desktop feature seamlessly. It is used mainly for the following purposes:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Troubleshooting:</span> IT Admins are on call 24/7 and a remote access tool helps them save time and effort by allowing them to fix issues remotely within a few minutes.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Help Desk:</span> Help Desk technicians' primary responsibility is to resolve any issues that customers might face while using their product, and this more often than not involves taking remote control of their customers' devices. Work from home: People that work from home often need to remotely connect to and use their corporate devices for various purposes.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Personal use:</span> You can remotely access a computer at your home when you're on the move, to access files or personal documents you may require urgently.</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/remote.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"suppliedProducts":[],"partnershipProgramme":{"levels":[{"id":1203,"level":"Certified Partner"}],"partnerDiscounts":{"Certified Partner":""},"registeredDiscounts":{"Certified Partner":""},"additionalBenefits":[],"salesPlan":{"Certified Partner":""},"additionalRequirements":[]}}},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"implementations":{"implementationsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"agreements":{"agreementById":{},"ids":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"comparison":{"loading":false,"error":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{},"products":[],"selectedTemplateId":null},"presentation":{"type":null,"company":{},"products":[],"partners":[],"formData":{},"dataLoading":false,"dataError":false,"loading":false,"error":false},"catalogsGlobal":{"subMenuItemTitle":""}}