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Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled.\r\nIn a distributed denial-of-service attack (DDoS attack), the incoming traffic flooding the victim originates from many different sources. This effectively makes it impossible to stop the attack simply by blocking a single source.\r\nA DoS or DDoS attack is analogous to a group of people crowding the entry door of a shop, making it hard for legitimate customers to enter, disrupting trade.\r\nCriminal perpetrators of DoS attacks often target sites or services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks or credit card payment gateways. Revenge, blackmail and activism can motivate these attacks. ","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the Different Types of DDoS Attacks?</span>\r\nDistributed Denial of Service attacks vary significantly, and there are thousands of different ways an attack can be carried out (attack vectors), but an attack vector will generally fall into one of three broad categories:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Volumetric Attacks:</span>\r\nVolumetric attacks attempt to consume the bandwidth either within the target network/service or between the target network/service and the rest of the Internet. These attacks are simply about causing congestion.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">TCP State-Exhaustion Attacks:</span>\r\nTCP State-Exhaustion attacks attempt to consume the connection state tables which are present in many infrastructure components such as load-balancers, firewalls and the application servers themselves. Even high capacity devices capable of maintaining state on millions of connections can be taken down by these attacks.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Application Layer Attacks:</span>\r\nApplication Layer attacks target some aspect of an application or service at Layer-7. These are the deadliest kind of attacks as they can be very effective with as few as one attacking machine generating a low traffic rate (this makes these attacks very difficult to proactively detect and mitigate). Application layer attacks have come to prevalence over the past three or four years and simple application layer flood attacks (HTTP GET flood etc.) have been some of the most common denials of service attacks seen in the wild.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_DDoS_Protection.png","alias":"ddos-protection"},"485":{"id":485,"title":"Web security","description":" Web security basically means protecting a website or web application by detecting, preventing and responding to cyber threats.\r\nWebsites and web applications are just as prone to security breaches as physical homes, stores, and government locations. Unfortunately, cybercrime happens every day, and great web security measures are needed to protect websites and web applications from becoming compromised.\r\nThat’s exactly what web security does – it is a system of protection measures and protocols that can protect your website or web application from being hacked or entered by unauthorized personnel. This integral division of Information Security is vital to the protection of websites, web applications, and web services. Anything that is applied over the Internet should have some form of web security to protect it.\r\nThere are a lot of factors that go into web security and web protection. Any website or application that is secure is surely backed by different types of checkpoints and techniques for keeping it safe.\r\nThere are a variety of security standards that must be followed at all times, and these standards are implemented and highlighted by the OWASP. Most experienced web developers from top cybersecurity companies will follow the standards of the OWASP as well as keep a close eye on the Web Hacking Incident Database to see when, how, and why different people are hacking different websites and services.\r\nEssential steps in protecting web apps from attacks include applying up-to-date encryption, setting proper authentication, continuously patching discovered vulnerabilities, avoiding data theft by having secure software development practices. The reality is that clever attackers may be competent enough to find flaws even in a fairly robust secured environment, and so a holistic security strategy is advised.\r\nThere are different types of technologies available for maintaining the best security standards. Some popular technical solutions for testing, building, and preventing threats include black and white box testing tools, fuzzing tools, WAF, security or vulnerability scanners, password cracking tools, and so on.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Malware?</span>\r\nThe name malware is short for ‘malicioussoftware’. Malware includes any software program that has been created to perform an unauthorised — and often harmful — action on a user’s device. Examples of malware include:\r\n<ul><li>Computer viruses</li><li>Word and Excel macro viruses</li><li>Boot sector viruses</li><li>Script viruses — including batch, Windows shell, Java and others</li><li>Keyloggers</li><li>Password stealers</li><li>Backdoor Trojan viruses</li><li>Other Trojan viruses</li><li>Crimeware</li><li>Spyware</li><li>Adware... and many other types of malicious software programs</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is the difference between a computer virus and a worm?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Computer virus.</span> This is a type of malicious program that can replicate itself — so that it can spread from file to file on a computer, and can also spread from one computer to another. Computer viruses are often programmed to perform damaging actions — such as corrupting or deleting data. The longer a virus remains undetected on your machine, the greater the number of infected files that may be on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Worms.</span> Worms are generally considered to be a subset of computer viruses — but with some specific differences:\r\n<ul><li>A worm is a computer program that replicates, but does not infect other files.</li><li>The worm will install itself once on a computer — and then look for a way to spread to other computers.</li><li>Whereas a virus is a set of code that adds itself to existing files, a worm exists as a separate, standalone file.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Trojan virus?</span>\r\nA Trojan is effectively a program that pretends to be legitimate software — but, when launched, it will perform a harmful action. Unlike computer viruses and worms, Trojans cannot spread by themselves. Typically, Trojans are installed secretly and they deliver their malicious payload without the user’s knowledge.\r\nCybercriminals use many different types of Trojans — and each has been designed to perform a specific malicious function. The most common are:\r\n<ul><li>Backdoor Trojans (these often include a keylogger)</li><li>Trojan Spies</li><li>Password stealing Trojans</li><li>Trojan Proxies — that convert your computer into a spam distribution machine</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Why are Trojan viruses called Trojans?</span>\r\nIn Greek mythology — during the Trojan war — the Greeks used subterfuge to enter the city of Troy. The Greeks constructed a massive wooden horse — and, unaware that the horse contained Greek soldiers, the Trojans pulled the horse into the city. At night, the Greek soldiers escaped from the horse and opened the city gates — for the Greek army to enter Troy.\r\nToday, Trojan viruses use subterfuge to enter unsuspecting users’ computers and devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Keylogger?</span>\r\nA keylogger is a program that can record what you type on your computer keyboard. Criminals use keyloggers to obtain confidential data — such as login details, passwords, credit card numbers, PINs and other items. Backdoor Trojans typically include an integrated keylogger.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Phishing?</span>\r\nPhishing is a very specific type of cybercrime that is designed to trick you into disclosing valuable information — such as details about your bank account or credit cards. Often, cybercriminals will create a fake website that looks just like a legitimate site — such as a bank’s official website. The cybercriminal will try to trick you into visiting their fake site — typically by sending you an email that contains a hyperlink to the fake site. When you visit the fake website, it will generally ask you to type in confidential data — such as your login, password or PIN.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Spyware?</span>\r\nSpyware is software that is designed to collect your data and send it to a third party — without your knowledge or consent. Spyware programs will often:\r\n<ul><li>Monitor the keys you press on your keyboard — using a keylogger</li><li>Collect confidential information — such as your passwords, credit card numbers, PIN numbers and more</li><li>Gather — or ‘harvest’ — email addresses from your computer</li><li>Track your Internet browsing habits</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Rootkit?</span>\r\nRootkits are programs that hackers use in order to evade detection while trying to gain unauthorised access to a computer. Rootkits have been used increasingly as a form of stealth to hide Trojan virus activity. When installed on a computer, rootkits are invisible to the user and also take steps to avoid being detected by security software.\r\nThe fact that many people log into their computers with administrator rights — rather than creating a separate account with restricted access — makes it easier for cybercriminals to install a rootkit.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Botnet?</span>\r\nA botnet is a network of computers controlled by cybercriminals using a Trojan virus or other malicious program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a DDoS attack?</span>\r\nA Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack is similar to a DoS. However, a DDoS attack is conducted using multiple machines. Usually, for a DDoS attack, the hacker will use one security compromised computer as the ‘master’ machine that co-ordinates the attack by other ‘zombie machines’. Typically, the cybercriminal will compromise the security on the master and all of the zombie machines, by exploiting a vulnerability in an application on each computer — to install a Trojan or other piece of malicious code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/security-web-application-security.png","alias":"web-security"},"765":{"id":765,"title":"Network Packet Broker","description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Network Packet Broker’s</span> (NPBs) are devices that do just what the name suggests, they “broker” incoming network traffic to any number of security, application performance monitoring, or network forensic tools. The need to “broker” packet before it is sent to tools comes from 2 major driving forces.&nbsp; First, the throughput of tools is limited, second, every tool requires a different subset of traffic to maximize performance.\r\nPacket broker is designed to deliver only the traffic of interest required by any specific tool. NPBs achieve this by using a variety of filtering options that will be explained in detail in the next blog in this series. NPBs act as the man-in-the-middle between TAP/SPAN ports and the tool itself and should be designed with 4 different deployment scenarios in mind.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Broker traffic from a single TAP port to a single tool.</span> In this application the most important function of the NPB is its filtering capability.&nbsp; Most tools currently deployed handle up to 10Gbps of traffic at any given time. If the incoming TAP traffic is 40Gbps, the traffic needs to be filtered by a factor of 4.&nbsp; The NPB needs to ensure the traffic is filtered adequately to meet this limitation while providing every packet the tool needs to do its job.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Broker traffic from multiple TAP ports to a single tool.</span> This application builds on the previous, but now the NPB needs to support aggregation.&nbsp; Aggregation allows the user to setup single filters that will be applied to all incoming traffic streams, reducing the setup time/complexity of the device. Aggregation also ensures the tool receives traffic from multiple streams.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Broker traffic from a single TAP port to multiple tools.</span> This application builds on the first, however, the NPB now needs to be able to replicate and/or load balance traffic. The traffic needs to be replicated/mirrored/copied to ensure each tool has access to any necessary packets.&nbsp; To properly handle this application, the NPB must also support egress filtering, to allow unique filters criteria for each different tool. If multiple tools require the same filtered traffic, the NPB must also support load balancing and options on how to load balance.&nbsp; \r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Broker Traffic from multiple TAP ports to multiple tools.</span> The final application builds on the previous three and uses filtering, aggregation and load balancing to guarantee each tool operates at its maximum efficiency.\r\nThe current crop of NPBs plays a critical role in enabling businesses to perform several functions, such as moving to a virtual network, upgrading the network, and cost-effectively adding more advanced tools. However, infrastructure evolution continues to march on, and now it’s time for <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">next generation network packet broker</span>.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Next-generation NPBs</span> are designed to meet the needs of digital businesses. A good analogy to consider is the evolution of application delivery controllers (ADCs). They started as simple load balancers and then added advanced load-balancing capabilities to become ADCs. After several years, security and cloud capabilities were introduced, and the product category shifted to advanced ADCs. The same trend is happening with NPBs as they evolve to next-generation NPBs.","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"> Network Packet Brokers - How can they help you? </h1>\r\nAs your network continues to grow physically and virtually and speeds increase up 100 Gig it has become increasingly difficult to ensure that all your security and monitoring tools see and receive the real-time traffic that they need to analyze. These tools need to know exactly what is happening on the network, and are only as good as the data they receive.\r\nThe challenge is to ensure each tool see’s the traffic that it needs to.&nbsp; Using a combination of Taps, Bypass Switches and packet brokers we can set up a visibility architecture that sits between the IT infrastructure and the tools which gives you access to all the traffic traversing the virtual and physical links.\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">NPB USES</span></p>\r\n<ul><li>Data from one network link, to one tool</li><li>Data from one network link, to multiple tools – Regeneration</li><li>Data from multiple network links, to one tool - Aggregation</li><li>Data from multiple network links, to multiple tools</li><li>Load balance traffic among all your tools</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">HOW NPB's BENEFIT YOU</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">Ultimately, NPBs make monitoring and security tools more effective, by giving them access to a range of data from across the entire network. Blind spots are reduced, giving tools the visibility they need to identify and tackle performance and security threats.</p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Network_Packet_Broker.png","alias":"network-packet-broker"},"832":{"id":832,"title":"CASB - Cloud Access Security Broker","description":"A cloud access security broker (CASB) (sometimes pronounced cas-bee) is on-premises or cloud-based software that sits between cloud service users and cloud applications, and monitors all activity and enforces security policies. A CASB can offer a variety of services, including but not limited to monitoring user activity, warning administrators about potentially hazardous actions, enforcing security policy compliance, and automatically preventing malware.\r\nA CASB may deliver security, the management or both. Broadly speaking, &quot;security&quot; is the prevention of high-risk events, whilst &quot;management&quot; is the monitoring and mitigation of high-risk events.\r\nCASBs that deliver security must be in the path of data access, between the user and the cloud. Architecturally, this might be achieved with proxy agents on each end-point device, or in agentless fashion without requiring any configuration on each device. Agentless CASB allows for rapid deployment and delivers security on all devices, company-managed or unmanaged BYOD. Agentless CASB also respects user privacy, inspecting only corporate data. Agent-based CASB is difficult to deploy and effective only on devices that are managed by the corporation. Agent-based CASB typically inspects both corporate and personal data.\r\nCASBs that deliver management may use APIs to inspect data and activity in the cloud to alert of risky events after the fact. Another management capability of a CASB is to inspect firewall or proxy logs for the usage of cloud applications.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is CASB?</span> A Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) is a policy enforcement point that secures data &amp; apps in the cloud and on any device, anywhere.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the difference between security and management?</span> Security is preventing risky events from happening, management is cleaning up after high-risk events.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Shadow IT?</span> Cloud applications used by business users without IT oversight, also known as unmanaged apps.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are managed apps?</span> Cloud Applications that are managed by IT, e.g.Office 365.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of CASB?</span> Three types of Cloud Access Security Broker\r\n<ul><li>a) API-only CASB offer basic management</li><li>b) multi-mode first-gen CASB offer management &amp; security</li><li>c) Next-Gen CASB deliver management, security &amp; Zero-Day protection.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a forward proxy?</span> A proxy where traffic must be forwarded by the end-point Such proxies requires agents and configuration on client devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a reverse proxy?</span> A proxy where traffic is automatically routed, requiring no agent or configuration on the end-point.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is AJAX-VM?</span> Acronym for &quot;Adaptive Javascript and XML- Virtual Machine.&quot; AJAX-VM virtualizes cloud apps on the fly so they can be proxied without agents. Reverse-proxy CASB are brittle without AJAX-VM and break frequently with app changes.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the types of CASB architecture?</span> There are three types of CASB architecture: API-only, forward proxy, and reverse proxy. Some CASB are API-only, others API and forward proxy. Next-Gen CASBs offer all three with AJAX-VM.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is CASB encryption?</span>&nbsp; Encryption/decryption of data prior to upload/download to a cloud application.\r\n <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is searchable encryption?</span> An encryption system that combines full encryption with a clear-text index to enable search and sort without compromising encryption strength.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is tokenization?</span> Obfuscation by encoding each input string as a unique output string.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is agentless MDM?</span> Mobile security for BYOD that does not require agents. Easy to deploy and has no access to personal data or apps, thereby preserving user privacy.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_CASB.png","alias":"casb-cloud-access-security-broker"},"834":{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security"}},"branches":"Information Technology","companySizes":"1 to 50 Employees","companyUrl":"https://www.cpacket.com","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":true,"isSupplier":false,"isVendor":true,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"cPacket Networks","keywords":"","description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">cPacket Networks</span> offers next-generation performance monitoring, packet brokering and security forensics solutions for service providers and other large network operators that are built around its innovative Distributed","og:title":"cPacket Networks","og:description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">cPacket Networks</span> offers next-generation performance monitoring, packet brokering and security forensics solutions for service providers and other large network operators that are built around its innovative Distributed","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/cPacket_Networks.png"},"eventUrl":"","vendorPartners":[],"supplierPartners":[],"vendoredProducts":[],"suppliedProducts":[],"partnershipProgramme":null}},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"implementations":{"implementationsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"agreements":{"agreementById":{},"ids":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"comparison":{"loading":false,"error":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{},"products":[],"selectedTemplateId":null},"presentation":{"type":null,"company":{},"products":[],"partners":[],"formData":{},"dataLoading":false,"dataError":false,"loading":false,"error":false},"catalogsGlobal":{"subMenuItemTitle":""}}