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IdM systems fall under the overarching umbrellas of IT security and Data Management.\r\nWith an IAM framework in place, information technology (IT) managers can control user access to critical information within their organizations. Identity and access management software offers role-based access control, which lets system administrators regulate access to systems or networks based on the roles of individual users within the enterprise. In this context, access is the ability of an individual user to perform a specific task, such as view, create or modify a file. Roles are defined according to job competency, authority and responsibility within the enterprise.\r\nSystems used for identity and access management include single sign-on systems, multi-factor authentication and privileged access management (PAM). These technologies also provide the ability to securely store identity and profile data as well as data governance functions to ensure that only data that is necessary and relevant is shared. IAM systems can be deployed on premises, provided by a third-party vendor through a cloud-based subscription model or deployed in a hybrid cloud.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Basic components of IAM.</span> On a fundamental level, IAM encompasses the following components:\r\n<ul><li>How individuals are identified in a system.</li><li>How roles are identified in a system and how they are assigned to individuals.</li><li>Adding, removing and updating individuals and their roles in a system.</li><li>Assigning levels of access to individuals or groups of individuals.</li><li>Protecting the sensitive data within the system and securing the system itself.</li></ul>\r\nAccess identity management system should consist of all the necessary controls and tools to capture and record user login information, manage the enterprise database of user identities and orchestrate the assignment and removal of access privileges. That means that systems used for IAM should provide a centralized directory service with oversight as well as visibility into all aspects of the company user base.\r\nTechnologies for identity access and management should simplify the user provisioning and account setup process. User access management software should reduce the time it takes to complete these processes with a controlled workflow that decreases errors as well as the potential for abuse while allowing automated account fulfillment. An identity and access management system should also allow administrators to instantly view and change access rights.\r\nIAM systems should be used to provide flexibility to establish groups with specific privileges for specific roles so that access rights based on employee job functions can be uniformly assigned. Identity access management software should also provide request and approval processes for modifying privileges because employees with the same title and job location may need customized, or slightly different, access.\r\n\r\n","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is the difference between identity and access management?</span></h1>\r\nAfter authentication, there needs to be an access control decision. The decision is based on the information available about the user. The difference between identity management and access management is thus:\r\n<ul><li>Identity Management is about managing the attributes related to the user.</li><li>Access Management is about evaluating the attributes based on policies and making Yes/No decisions.</li></ul>\r\nThere are three types of Access Control Systems: \r\n<ul><li>Discretionary Access Control (DAC)</li><li>Mandatory Access Control (MAC)</li><li>Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)</li></ul>\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\">What are the main benefits of identity management?</h1>\r\nIdentity access and management are useful in many ways: it ensures regulatory compliance, enables cost savings, and simplifies the lives of your customers by enhancing their experience. These are the main benefits of having an IAM solution:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Easily accessible anywhere</span></li></ul>\r\nNowadays, people need their identities all the time to use services and resources. In that sense, they require access to any platform without limits using their IDs, thus eliminating barriers for customers to enter the platform anytime, anywhere.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">It encourages the connection between the different parts</span></li></ul>\r\nThe digital transformation that is taking place among more and more organizations forces the need for people, applications and devices to stay connected to each other. And, as expected, all of these processes bring with them some security threats.\r\nHowever, IAM software is a solution that guarantees correct administration with the best identity providers, such as Salesforce, Twitter and Google. Authentication and security are two of the strengths of Identity and Access Management, as well as being extendable and ready for future advances.&nbsp; \r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">It improves productivity</span></li></ul>\r\nIdentity software automates the entry of new personnel and facilitates access to all components of the system with which the company operates. This allows reducing times in the delivery of access so that they begin to produce immediately. For this reason, business agility is also increased by using the advantages that technology makes available to meet the demands of today’s world. \r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">It optimizes user experience</span></li></ul>\r\nRemembering so many usernames and passwords to access social networks, banks and other services on the Internet becomes a challenge for people. Thanks to user identity management system, people can get an identity that provides access to different systems. Single sign-on (SSO) allows customers and partners to access different internal and external applications with the same access method. That way the user experience will not be affected.\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Secure your brand at all levels</span></li></ul>\r\nThere will be no risk of security breach, regardless of whether a connection is made from multiple identity providers. Identity management software and access management software enables strong authentication to keep your business and brand secure. Detailed verification of all identities entering the system is performed, in addition to allowing various licenses to limit access levels. At the same time, it monitors through analysis, fraud detection and alert functions that indicate a possible real risk. In short, enterprise identity management system is a reliable tool that employs technology to support digital transformation. A software that provides agility, security and satisfaction to the company’s customers. ","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IAM.png","alias":"iam-identity-and-access-management"},"52":{"id":52,"title":"SaaS - software as a service","description":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Software as a service (SaaS)</span> is a software licensing and delivery model in which software is licensed on a subscription basis and is centrally hosted. It is sometimes referred to as &quot;on-demand software&quot;, and was formerly referred to as &quot;software plus services&quot; by Microsoft.\r\n SaaS services is typically accessed by users using a thin client, e.g. via a web browser. SaaS software solutions has become a common delivery model for many business applications, including office software, messaging software, payroll processing software, DBMS software, management software, CAD software, development software, gamification, virtualization, accounting, collaboration, customer relationship management (CRM), Management Information Systems (MIS), enterprise resource planning (ERP), invoicing, human resource management (HRM), talent acquisition, learning management systems, content management (CM), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and service desk management. SaaS has been incorporated into the strategy of nearly all leading enterprise software companies.\r\nSaaS applications are also known as <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Web-based software</span>, <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">on-demand software</span> and<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\"> hosted software</span>.\r\nThe term &quot;Software as a Service&quot; (SaaS) is considered to be part of the nomenclature of cloud computing, along with Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), Desktop as a Service (DaaS),managed software as a service (MSaaS), mobile backend as a service (MBaaS), and information technology management as a service (ITMaaS).\r\nBecause SaaS is based on cloud computing it saves organizations from installing and running applications on their own systems. That eliminates or at least reduces the associated costs of hardware purchases and maintenance and of software and support. The initial setup cost for a SaaS application is also generally lower than it for equivalent enterprise software purchased via a site license.\r\nSometimes, the use of SaaS cloud software can also reduce the long-term costs of software licensing, though that depends on the pricing model for the individual SaaS offering and the enterprise’s usage patterns. In fact, it’s possible for SaaS to cost more than traditional software licenses. This is an area IT organizations should explore carefully.<br />SaaS also provides enterprises the flexibility inherent with cloud services: they can subscribe to a SaaS offering as needed rather than having to buy software licenses and install the software on a variety of computers. The savings can be substantial in the case of applications that require new hardware purchases to support the software.<br /><br /><br /><br />","materialsDescription":"<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">Who uses SaaS?</span></h1>\r\nIndustry analyst Forrester Research notes that SaaS adoption has so far been concentrated mostly in human resource management (HRM), customer relationship management (CRM), collaboration software (e.g., email), and procurement solutions, but is poised to widen. Today it’s possible to have a data warehouse in the cloud that you can access with business intelligence software running as a service and connect to your cloud-based ERP like NetSuite or Microsoft Dynamics.The dollar savings can run into the millions. And SaaS installations are often installed and working in a fraction of the time of on-premises deployments—some can be ready in hours. \r\nSales and marketing people are likely familiar with Salesforce.com, the leading SaaS CRM software, with millions of users across more than 100,000 customers. Sales is going SaaS too, with apps available to support sales in order management, compensation, quote production and configure, price, quoting, electronic signatures, contract management and more.\r\n<h1 class=\"align-center\"><span style=\"font-weight: normal;\">Why SaaS? Benefits of software as a service</span></h1>\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Lower cost of entry</span>. With SaaS solution, you pay for what you need, without having to buy hardware to host your new applications. Instead of provisioning internal resources to install the software, the vendor provides APIs and performs much of the work to get their software working for you. The time to a working solution can drop from months in the traditional model to weeks, days or hours with the SaaS model. In some businesses, IT wants nothing to do with installing and running a sales app. In the case of funding software and its implementation, this can be a make-or-break issue for the sales and marketing budget, so the lower cost really makes the difference.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Reduced time to benefit/rapid prototyping</span>. In the SaaS model, the software application is already installed and configured. Users can provision the server for the cloud and quickly have the application ready for use. This cuts the time to benefit and allows for rapid demonstrations and prototyping. With many SaaS companies offering free trials, this means a painless proof of concept and discovery phase to prove the benefit to the organization. </li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Pay as you go</span>. SaaS business software gives you the benefit of predictable costs both for the subscription and to some extent, the administration. Even as you scale, you can have a clear idea of what your costs will be. This allows for much more accurate budgeting, especially as compared to the costs of internal IT to manage upgrades and address issues for an owned instance.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">The SaaS vendor is responsible for upgrades, uptime and security</span>. Under the SaaS model, since the software is hosted by the vendor, they take on the responsibility for maintaining the software and upgrading it, ensuring that it is reliable and meeting agreed-upon service level agreements, and keeping the application and its data secure.&nbsp; While some IT people worry about Software as a Service security outside of the enterprise walls, the likely truth is that the vendor has a much higher level of security than the enterprise itself would provide. Many will have redundant instances in very secure data centers in multiple geographies.&nbsp; Also, the data is being automatically backed up by the vendor, providing additional security and peace of mind. Because of the data center hosting, you’re getting the added benefit of at least some disaster recovery. Lastly, the vendor manages these issues as part of their core competencies—let them.</li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Integration and scalability.</span> Most SaaS apps are designed to support some amount of customization for the way you do business. SaaS vendors create APIs to allow connections not only to internal applications like ERPs or CRMs but also to other SaaS providers. One of the terrific aspects of integration is that orders written in the field can be automatically sent to the ERP. Now a salesperson in the field can check inventory through the catalog, write the order in front of the customer for approval, send it and receive confirmation, all in minutes. And as you scale with a SaaS vendor, there’s no need to invest in server capacity and software licenses. </li></ul>\r\n\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Work anywhere</span>. Since the software is hosted in the cloud and accessible over the internet, users can access it via mobile devices wherever they are connected. This includes checking customer order histories prior to a sales call, as well as having access to real time data and real time order taking with the customer.</li></ul>\r\n<p class=\"align-left\">&nbsp;</p>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/SaaS__1_.png","alias":"saas-software-as-a-service"},"204":{"id":204,"title":"Managed Detection and Response","description":" MDR, which stands for Managed Detection &amp; Response, is an all-encompassing threat detection system, which arose from the need for small/medium-sized organizations who lack resources to be able to monitor their network systems in-house. It provides a cost-effective alternative to SIEM (Security Information and Event Management).\r\nEveryday, the capabilities of attackers get more sophisticated and the volume of alerts becomes overwhelming and unmanageable. In-house teams might struggle to analyze and log data, which makes it harder than ever to determine if these threats are harmful. MDR can put a stop to attacks before they even happen. MDR technology monitors your systems and detects any unusual behavior, whilst our expert team responds to the threats detected within your business.\r\nMDR offers real-time threat intelligence, and is able to analyse behaviour which can be missed by traditional endpoint security technology. MDR also provides rapid identification of known threats, which in turn minimises overall attacks. Having remote incident investigation will minimise damage to your business, and will allow you to get back to work in no time. It’s important to note that using MDR services will allow third party access to your company's data. You need to consider working with a provider who understands and respects your data policy.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Managed Detection and Response?</span>\r\nManaged Detection and Response (MDR) is a managed cybersecurity service that provides intrusion detection of malware and malicious activity in your network, and assists in rapid incident response to eliminate those threats with succinct remediation actions. MDR typically combines a technology solution with outsourced security analysts that extend your technologies and team.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Isn’t that What MSSPs or Managed SIEMs Do?</span>\r\nNo. Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) monitor network security controls and may send alerts when anomalies are identified. MSSPs typically do not investigate the anomalies to eliminate false positives, nor do they respond to real threats. This means that abnormalities in network usage are forwarded to your IT personnel who must then dig through the data to determine if there is a real threat and what to do about it.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Doesn’t My Firewall Protect My Network?</span>\r\nFirewalls and other preventive forms of cybersecurity are very important and effective at preventing basic cyberattacks. However, over the past decade, it has become clear that preventive cybersecurity technologies are not enough to secure an organization’s network. Further, they are yet another source of alerts, log messages, and events that contribute to the “alert fatigue” being universally suffered today. Recent major hacks such as the Marriot Hack of 2018, the Anthem Hack of 2015, and the Target Hack of 2013 demonstrate how easily cybercriminals can breach networks at enterprise organizations to steal millions of credit card numbers, medical records, and other forms of PII/PHI.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Endpoint_Detection_and_Response.png","alias":"managed-detection-and-response"},"485":{"id":485,"title":"Web security","description":" Web security basically means protecting a website or web application by detecting, preventing and responding to cyber threats.\r\nWebsites and web applications are just as prone to security breaches as physical homes, stores, and government locations. Unfortunately, cybercrime happens every day, and great web security measures are needed to protect websites and web applications from becoming compromised.\r\nThat’s exactly what web security does – it is a system of protection measures and protocols that can protect your website or web application from being hacked or entered by unauthorized personnel. This integral division of Information Security is vital to the protection of websites, web applications, and web services. Anything that is applied over the Internet should have some form of web security to protect it.\r\nThere are a lot of factors that go into web security and web protection. Any website or application that is secure is surely backed by different types of checkpoints and techniques for keeping it safe.\r\nThere are a variety of security standards that must be followed at all times, and these standards are implemented and highlighted by the OWASP. Most experienced web developers from top cybersecurity companies will follow the standards of the OWASP as well as keep a close eye on the Web Hacking Incident Database to see when, how, and why different people are hacking different websites and services.\r\nEssential steps in protecting web apps from attacks include applying up-to-date encryption, setting proper authentication, continuously patching discovered vulnerabilities, avoiding data theft by having secure software development practices. The reality is that clever attackers may be competent enough to find flaws even in a fairly robust secured environment, and so a holistic security strategy is advised.\r\nThere are different types of technologies available for maintaining the best security standards. Some popular technical solutions for testing, building, and preventing threats include black and white box testing tools, fuzzing tools, WAF, security or vulnerability scanners, password cracking tools, and so on.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Malware?</span>\r\nThe name malware is short for ‘malicioussoftware’. Malware includes any software program that has been created to perform an unauthorised — and often harmful — action on a user’s device. Examples of malware include:\r\n<ul><li>Computer viruses</li><li>Word and Excel macro viruses</li><li>Boot sector viruses</li><li>Script viruses — including batch, Windows shell, Java and others</li><li>Keyloggers</li><li>Password stealers</li><li>Backdoor Trojan viruses</li><li>Other Trojan viruses</li><li>Crimeware</li><li>Spyware</li><li>Adware... and many other types of malicious software programs</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is the difference between a computer virus and a worm?</span>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Computer virus.</span> This is a type of malicious program that can replicate itself — so that it can spread from file to file on a computer, and can also spread from one computer to another. Computer viruses are often programmed to perform damaging actions — such as corrupting or deleting data. The longer a virus remains undetected on your machine, the greater the number of infected files that may be on your computer.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Worms.</span> Worms are generally considered to be a subset of computer viruses — but with some specific differences:\r\n<ul><li>A worm is a computer program that replicates, but does not infect other files.</li><li>The worm will install itself once on a computer — and then look for a way to spread to other computers.</li><li>Whereas a virus is a set of code that adds itself to existing files, a worm exists as a separate, standalone file.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Trojan virus?</span>\r\nA Trojan is effectively a program that pretends to be legitimate software — but, when launched, it will perform a harmful action. Unlike computer viruses and worms, Trojans cannot spread by themselves. Typically, Trojans are installed secretly and they deliver their malicious payload without the user’s knowledge.\r\nCybercriminals use many different types of Trojans — and each has been designed to perform a specific malicious function. The most common are:\r\n<ul><li>Backdoor Trojans (these often include a keylogger)</li><li>Trojan Spies</li><li>Password stealing Trojans</li><li>Trojan Proxies — that convert your computer into a spam distribution machine</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Why are Trojan viruses called Trojans?</span>\r\nIn Greek mythology — during the Trojan war — the Greeks used subterfuge to enter the city of Troy. The Greeks constructed a massive wooden horse — and, unaware that the horse contained Greek soldiers, the Trojans pulled the horse into the city. At night, the Greek soldiers escaped from the horse and opened the city gates — for the Greek army to enter Troy.\r\nToday, Trojan viruses use subterfuge to enter unsuspecting users’ computers and devices.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Keylogger?</span>\r\nA keylogger is a program that can record what you type on your computer keyboard. Criminals use keyloggers to obtain confidential data — such as login details, passwords, credit card numbers, PINs and other items. Backdoor Trojans typically include an integrated keylogger.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Phishing?</span>\r\nPhishing is a very specific type of cybercrime that is designed to trick you into disclosing valuable information — such as details about your bank account or credit cards. Often, cybercriminals will create a fake website that looks just like a legitimate site — such as a bank’s official website. The cybercriminal will try to trick you into visiting their fake site — typically by sending you an email that contains a hyperlink to the fake site. When you visit the fake website, it will generally ask you to type in confidential data — such as your login, password or PIN.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is Spyware?</span>\r\nSpyware is software that is designed to collect your data and send it to a third party — without your knowledge or consent. Spyware programs will often:\r\n<ul><li>Monitor the keys you press on your keyboard — using a keylogger</li><li>Collect confidential information — such as your passwords, credit card numbers, PIN numbers and more</li><li>Gather — or ‘harvest’ — email addresses from your computer</li><li>Track your Internet browsing habits</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Rootkit?</span>\r\nRootkits are programs that hackers use in order to evade detection while trying to gain unauthorised access to a computer. Rootkits have been used increasingly as a form of stealth to hide Trojan virus activity. When installed on a computer, rootkits are invisible to the user and also take steps to avoid being detected by security software.\r\nThe fact that many people log into their computers with administrator rights — rather than creating a separate account with restricted access — makes it easier for cybercriminals to install a rootkit.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is a Botnet?</span>\r\nA botnet is a network of computers controlled by cybercriminals using a Trojan virus or other malicious program.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is a DDoS attack?</span>\r\nA Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attack is similar to a DoS. However, a DDoS attack is conducted using multiple machines. Usually, for a DDoS attack, the hacker will use one security compromised computer as the ‘master’ machine that co-ordinates the attack by other ‘zombie machines’. Typically, the cybercriminal will compromise the security on the master and all of the zombie machines, by exploiting a vulnerability in an application on each computer — to install a Trojan or other piece of malicious code.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/security-web-application-security.png","alias":"web-security"},"540":{"id":540,"title":"Security Hardware","description":"Hardware security as a discipline originated out of cryptographic engineering and involves hardware design, access control, secure multi-party computation, secure key storage, ensuring code authenticity and measures to ensure that the supply chain that built the product is secure, among other things.\r\nA hardware security module (HSM) is a physical computing device that safeguards and manages digital keys for strong authentication and provides cryptoprocessing. These modules traditionally come in the form of a plug-in card or an external device that attaches directly to a computer or network server.\r\nSome providers in this discipline consider that the key difference between hardware security and software security is that hardware security is implemented using &quot;non-Turing-machine&quot; logic (raw combinatorial logic or simple state machines). One approach, referred to as &quot;hardsec&quot;, uses FPGAs to implement non-Turing-machine security controls as a way of combining the security of hardware with the flexibility of software.\r\nHardware backdoors are backdoors in hardware. Conceptionally related, a hardware Trojan (HT) is a malicious modification of an electronic system, particularly in the context of an integrated circuit.\r\nA physical unclonable function (PUF) is a physical entity that is embodied in a physical structure and is easy to evaluate but hard to predict. Further, an individual PUF device must be easy to make but practically impossible to duplicate, even given the exact manufacturing process that produced it. In this respect, it is the hardware analog of a one-way function. The name &quot;physically unclonable function&quot; might be a little misleading as some PUFs are clonable, and most PUFs are noisy and therefore do not achieve the requirements for a function. Today, PUFs are usually implemented in integrated circuits and are typically used in applications with high-security requirements.\r\nMany attacks on sensitive data and resources reported by organizations occur from within the organization itself.","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is hardware information security?</span>\r\nHardware means various types of devices (mechanical, electromechanical, electronic, etc.), which solve information protection problems with hardware. They impede access to information, including through its disguise. The hardware includes: noise generators, surge protectors, scanning radios and many other devices that &quot;block&quot; potential channels of information leakage or allow them to be detected. The advantages of technical means are related to their reliability, independence from subjective factors and high resistance to modification. The weaknesses include a lack of flexibility, relatively large volume and mass and high cost. The hardware for information protection includes the most diverse technical structures in terms of operation, device and capabilities, which ensure the suppression of disclosure, protection against leakage and counteraction to unauthorized access to sources of confidential information.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Where is the hardware used to protect information?</span>\r\nHardware information protection is used to solve the following problems:\r\n<ul><li>conducting special studies of technical means of ensuring production activity for the presence of possible channels of information leakage;</li><li>identification of information leakage channels at various objects and in premises;</li><li>localization of information leakage channels;</li><li>search and detection of industrial espionage tools;</li><li>countering unauthorized access to confidential information sources and other actions.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is the classification of information security hardware?</span>\r\nAccording to the functional purpose, the hardware can be classified into detection tools, search tools and detailed measurements and active and passive countermeasures. At the same time, according to their technical capabilities, information protection tools can be general-purpose, designed for use by non-professionals in order to obtain preliminary (general) estimates, and professional complexes that allow for a thorough search, detection and precision measurement of all the characteristics of industrial espionage equipment. As an example of the former, we can consider a group of IP electromagnetic radiation indicators, which have a wide range of received signals and rather low sensitivity. As a second example - a complex for the detection and direction finding of radio bookmarks, designed to automatically detect and locate radio transmitters, radio microphones, telephone bookmarks and network radio transmitters.<br /><br />","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Security_Hardware.png","alias":"security-hardware"},"591":{"id":591,"title":"Software Development","description":" Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products.\r\nSoftware can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific client/business (the case with custom software), to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users (the case with commercial and open-source software), or for personal use (e.g. a scientist may write software to automate a mundane task). Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself and is often developed separately.\r\nThe need for better quality control of the software development process has given rise to the discipline of software engineering, which aims to apply the systematic approach exemplified in the engineering paradigm to the process of software development.\r\nThere are many approaches to software project management, known as software development life cycle models, methodologies, processes, or models. The waterfall model is a traditional version, contrasted with the more recent innovation of agile software development.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What is software development?</span>\r\nSoftware itself is the set of instructions or programs that tell a computer what to do. It is independent of hardware and makes computers programmable. There are three basic types:\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">System software</span> to provide core functions such as operating systems, disk management, utilities, hardware management, and other operational necessities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programming software</span> to give programmers tools such as text editors, compilers, linkers, debuggers and other tools to create code.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Application software</span> (applications or apps) to help users perform tasks. Office productivity suites, data management software, media players and security programs are examples. Applications also refer to web and mobile applications like those used to shop on Amazon.com, socialize with Facebook or post pictures to Instagram.\r\nA possible fourth type is <span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">embedded software.</span> Embedded systems software is used to control machines and devices not typically considered computers — telecommunications networks, cars, industrial robots and more. These devices, and their software, can be connected as part of the Internet of Things (IoT).\r\nSoftware development is primarily conducted by programmers, software engineers, and software developers. These roles interact and overlap, and the dynamics between them vary greatly across development departments and communities.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Programmers, or coders,</span> write source code to program computers for specific tasks like merging databases, processing online orders, routing communications, conducting searches or displaying text and graphics. Programmers typically interpret instructions from software developers and engineers and use programming languages like C++ or Java to carry them out.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software engineers</span> apply engineering principles to build software and systems to solve problems. They use modeling language and other tools to devise solutions that can often be applied to problems in a general way, as opposed to merely solving for a specific instance or client. Software engineering solutions adhere to the scientific method and must work in the real world, as with bridges or elevators.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Software developers</span> have a less formal role than engineers and can be closely involved with specific project areas — including writing code. At the same time, they drive the overall software development lifecycle — including working across functional teams to transform requirements into features, managing development teams and processes, and conducting software testing and maintenance.\r\nThe work of software development isn’t confined to coders or development teams. Professionals such as scientists, device fabricators, and hardware makers also create software code even though they are not primarily software developers. Nor is it confined to traditional information technology industries such as software or semiconductor businesses. In fact, according to the Brookings Institute, those businesses “account for less than half of the companies performing software development.”\r\nAn important distinction is custom software development as opposed to commercial software development. Custom software development is the process of designing, creating, deploying and maintaining software for a specific set of users, functions or organizations. In contrast, commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS) is designed for a broad set of requirements, allowing it to be packaged and commercially marketed and distributed.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Steps in the software development process</span>\r\nDeveloping software typically involves the following steps:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Selecting a methodology</span> to establish a framework in which the steps of software development are applied. It describes an overall work process or roadmap for the project. Methodologies can include Agile development, DevOps, Rapid Application Development (RAD), Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe), Waterfall and others.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Gathering requirements</span> to understand and document what is required by users and other stakeholders.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Choosing or building architecture</span> as the underlying structure within which the software will operate.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Developing a design</span> around solutions to the problems presented by requirements, often involving process models and storyboards.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Constructing code</span> in the appropriate programming language. Involves peer and team review to eliminate problems early and produce quality software faster.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Testing</span> with pre-planned scenarios as part of software design and coding — and conducting performance testing to simulate load testing on the application.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing configuration and defects</span> to understand all the software artifacts (requirements, design, code, test) and build distinct versions of the software. Establish quality assurance priorities and release criteria to address and track defects.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying</span> the software for use and responding to and resolving user problems.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Migrating data</span> to the new or updated software from existing applications or data sources if necessary.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Managing and measuring the project</span> to maintain quality and delivery over the application lifecycle, and to evaluate the development process with models such as the Capability Maturity Model (CMM).</li></ul>\r\nThe steps of the software development process fit into application lifecycle management.\r\n<ul><li>Requirements analysis and specification</li><li>Design and development</li><li>Testing</li><li>Deployment</li><li>Maintenance and support</li></ul>\r\nSoftware development process steps can be grouped into the phases of the lifecycle, but the importance of the lifecycle is that it recycles to enable continuous improvement. For example, user issues that surface in the maintenance and support phase can become requirements at the beginning of the next cycle.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is software development important?</span>\r\nSoftware development is important because it helps businesses differentiate themselves and be more competitive. It can improve customer experiences, bring more innovative, feature-rich products to market faster, and make operations more efficient, safe and productive.\r\nSoftware development is also important because it is pervasive.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Software_Development.png","alias":"software-development"},"718":{"id":718,"title":"IT Consulting","description":" In management, information technology consulting (also called IT consulting, computer consultancy, business and technology services, computing consultancy, technology consulting, and IT advisory) as a field of activity focuses on advising organizations on how best to use information technology (IT) in achieving their business objectives.\r\nThe IT consulting industry can be viewed as a Four-tier system:\r\n<ul><li>Professional services firms which maintain large professional workforces and command high bill rates.</li><li>Staffing firms, which place technologists with businesses on a temporary basis, typically in response to employee absences, temporary skill shortages and technical projects.</li><li>Independent consultants, who are self-employed or who function as employees of staffing firms (for US tax purposes, employed on Form W-2), or as independent contractors in their own right (for US tax purposes, on &quot;1099&quot;).</li><li>Information Technology security consultants</li></ul>\r\nThere are different reasons why consultants are called in:\r\n<ul><li>To gain external, objective advice and recommendations</li><li>To gain access to the consultants' specialized expertise</li><li>Temporary help during a one-time project where the hiring of a permanent employee(s) is not required or necessary</li><li>To outsource all or part of the IT services from a specific company.</li></ul>\r\nThere is a relatively unclear line between management consulting and IT consulting. There are sometimes overlaps between the two fields, but IT consultants often have degrees in computer science, electronics, technology, or management information systems while management consultants often have degrees in accounting, economics, Industrial Engineering, finance, or a generalized MBA (Masters in Business Administration).\r\nAccording to the Institute for Partner Education &amp; Development, IT consultants' revenues come predominantly from design and planning based consulting with a mixture of IT and business consulting. This is different from a systems integrator in that you do not normally take title to product. Their value comes from their ability to integrate and support technologies as well as determining product and brands. ","materialsDescription":"<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Who is an information technology (IT) consultant?</span>\r\nAn information technology consultant is a third-party service provider who is qualified to advise clients on the best use of IT to meet specific business requirements. IT consultants may work with a professional IT consultancy firm or as independent contractors. They may conduct a business needs assessment and develop an information systems solution that meets the organization's objectives.\r\nSome information technology consultants emphasize technical issues while others help organizations use IT to manage business processes. Still others specialize in a specific IT area such as information security.\r\nIT consultants need a deep knowledge of both business and information technology. A bachelor's degree in management information systems, computer science, or information science is the typical path into a technical consultancy career. IT certifications supplement this foundation with specialized technical training. Information technology degree and certification programs are available online to accommodate working IT professionals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">What are the prerequisites and major obstacles?</span>\r\nOnce a business owner defined the needs to take a business to the next level, a decision maker will define a scope, cost and a time-frame of the project. The role of the IT consultancy company is to support and nurture the company from the very beginning of the project until the end, and deliver the project not only in the scope, time and cost but also with complete customer satisfaction.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project scoping and planning</span></span>\r\nThe usual problem is that a business owner doesn't know the detail of what the project is going to deliver until it starts the process. In many cases, the incremental effort in some projects can lead to significant financial loss.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Business process and system design</span></span>\r\nThe scope of a project is linked intimately to the proposed business processes and systems that the project is going to deliver. Regardless of whether the project is to launch a new product range or discontinue unprofitable parts of the business, the change will have some impact on business processes and systems. The documentation of your business processes and system requirements are as fundamental to project scoping as an architects plans would be to the costing and scoping of the construction of a building.\r\n<span style=\"font-style: italic; \"><span style=\"font-weight: bold; \">Project management support</span></span>\r\nThe most successful business projects are always those that are driven by an employee who has the authority, vision and influence to drive the required changes in a business. It is highly unlikely that a business owner (decision maker or similar) will realize the changes unless one has one of these people in the employment. However, the project leadership role typically requires significant experience and skills which are not usually found within a company focused on day-to-day operations. Due to this requirement within more significant business change projects/programs, outside expertise is often sought from firms which can bring this specific skill set to the company.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the skills of IT-consulting?</span>\r\nAn IT consultant needs to possess the following skills:\r\n<ul><li>Advisory skills</li><li>Technical skills</li><li>Business skills</li><li>Communication skills</li><li>Management skills</li><li>Advisory language skills</li><li>Business and management language skills</li><li>Technical language skills</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_IT_Consulting.png","alias":"it-consulting"},"834":{"id":834,"title":"IoT - Internet of Things Security","description":" IoT security is the technology area concerned with safeguarding connected devices and networks in the internet of things (IoT).\r\nIoT involves adding internet connectivity to a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals and/or people. Each &quot;thing&quot; is provided a unique identifier and the ability to automatically transfer data over a network. Allowing devices to connect to the internet opens them up to a number of serious vulnerabilities if they are not properly protected.\r\nIoT security has become the subject of scrutiny after a number of high-profile incidents where a common IoT device was used to infiltrate and attack the larger network. Implementing security measures is critical to ensuring the safety of networks with IoT devices connected to them.\r\nIoT security hacks can happen in any industry, from smart home to a manufacturing plant to a connected car. The severity of impact depends greatly on the individual system, the data collected and/or the information it contains.\r\nAn attack disabling the brakes of a connected car, for example, or on a connected health device, such as an insulin pump hacked to administer too much medication to a patient, can be life-threatening. Likewise, an attack on a refrigeration system housing medicine that is monitored by an IoT system can ruin the viability of a medicine if temperatures fluctuate. Similarly, an attack on critical infrastructure -- an oil well, energy grid or water supply -- can be disastrous.\r\nSo, a robust IoT security portfolio must allow protecting devices from all types of vulnerabilities while deploying the security level that best matches application needs. Cryptography technologies are used to combat communication attacks. Security services are offered for protecting against lifecycle attacks. Isolation measures can be implemented to fend off software attacks. And, finally, IoT security should include tamper mitigation and side-channel attack mitigation technologies for fighting physical attacks of the chip.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What are the key requirements of IoT Security?</span>\r\nThe key requirements for any IoT security solution are:\r\n<ul><li>Device and data security, including authentication of devices and confidentiality and integrity of data</li><li>Implementing and running security operations at IoT scale</li><li>Meeting compliance requirements and requests</li><li>Meeting performance requirements as per the use case</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What do connected devices require to participate in the IoT Securely?</span>\r\nTo securely participate in the IoT, each connected device needs a unique identification – even before it has an IP address. This digital credential establishes the root of trust for the device’s entire lifecycle, from initial design to deployment to retirement.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is device authentication necessary for the IoT?</span>\r\nStrong IoT device authentication is required to ensure connected devices on the IoT can be trusted to be what they purport to be. Consequently, each IoT device needs a unique identity that can be authenticated when the device attempts to connect to a gateway or central server. With this unique ID in place, IT system administrators can track each device throughout its lifecycle, communicate securely with it, and prevent it from executing harmful processes. If a device exhibits unexpected behavior, administrators can simply revoke its privileges.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is secure manufacturing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nIoT devices produced through unsecured manufacturing processes provide criminals opportunities to change production runs to introduce unauthorized code or produce additional units that are subsequently sold on the black market.\r\nOne way to secure manufacturing processes is to use hardware security modules (HSMs) and supporting security software to inject cryptographic keys and digital certificates and to control the number of units built and the code incorporated into each.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is code signing necessary for IoT devices?</span>\r\nTo protect businesses, brands, partners, and users from software that has been infected by malware, software developers have adopted code signing. In the IoT, code signing in the software release process ensures the integrity of IoT device software and firmware updates and defends against the risks associated with code tampering or code that deviates from organizational policies.\r\nIn public key cryptography, code signing is a specific use of certificate-based digital signatures that enables an organization to verify the identity of the software publisher and certify the software has not been changed since it was published.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is IoT PKI?</span>\r\nToday there are more things (devices) online than there are people on the planet! Devices are the number one users of the Internet and need digital identities for secure operation. As enterprises seek to transform their business models to stay competitive, rapid adoption of IoT technologies is creating increasing demand for Public Key Infrastructures (PKIs) to provide digital certificates for the growing number of devices and the software and firmware they run.\r\nSafe IoT deployments require not only trusting the devices to be authentic and to be who they say they are, but also trusting that the data they collect is real and not altered. If one cannot trust the IoT devices and the data, there is no point in collecting, running analytics, and executing decisions based on the information collected.\r\nSecure adoption of IoT requires:\r\n<ul><li>Enabling mutual authentication between connected devices and applications</li><li>Maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the data collected by devices</li><li>Ensuring the legitimacy and integrity of the software downloaded to devices</li><li>Preserving the privacy of sensitive data in light of stricter security regulations</li></ul>","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/iot.png","alias":"iot-internet-of-things-security"}},"branches":"Information Technology","companySizes":"1 to 50 Employees","companyUrl":"https://www.reservoir.com/","countryCodes":[],"certifications":[],"isSeller":true,"isSupplier":true,"isVendor":true,"presenterCodeLng":"","seo":{"title":"Reservoir Labs","keywords":"","description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Reservoir Labs</span> is a privately held technology and solutions company headquartered in New York City that's earned the trust and respect of commercial customers, government customers and top-tier researchers around the gl","og:title":"Reservoir Labs","og:description":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Reservoir Labs</span> is a privately held technology and solutions company headquartered in New York City that's earned the trust and respect of commercial customers, government customers and top-tier researchers around the gl","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/uploads/roi/company/reservoir.png"},"eventUrl":"","vendorPartners":[],"supplierPartners":[],"vendoredProducts":[{"id":6190,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Reservoir_Labs.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"reservoir-labs-r-scope","companyTitle":"Reservoir Labs","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5792,"companyAlias":"reservoir-labs","description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than competing approaches at a fraction of the storage footprint and cost. R-Scope identifies threats quickly and enables rapid and thorough remediation. \r\nCore Capabilities &lt;/&gt;p\r\n<i>Form Factor </i>\r\nR-Scope is available in multiple form factors to meet a variety of enterprise deployment requirements. For traditional data centers, R-Scope is available as a 1U appliance, variably priced according to throughput requirements. Software-only offerings are available for deployments that require more flexibility. Contact Reservoir Labs for cloud deployment. All R-Scope offerings are fully hardened and supported for the most demanding business environments. Support and Services are provided in-house by qualified Reservoir Labs engineers. \r\n<i>Data Enrichment </i>\r\nR-Scope offers significant opportunity for on-box analytic deployment for data enrichment. Leveraging R-Scope’s on-system development environment, security teams can develop, test and deploy a variety of analytics to tune data output and ensure a clear and simple lens through which to evaluate network traffic. R-Scope accepts all open-source Zeek/Bro scripts; additionally Reservoir Labs offers a curated set of tested community scripts as well as custom analytics uniquely valuable to enterprise users. \r\n<i>Real-Time, Scalable Threat Detection </i>\r\nR-Scope sensors provide in-depth network traffic analysis by inspecting all bi-directional network traffic. Using it’s programmable analytic engine, R-Scope produces rich network metadata capturing protocol event detail, application services, files, and content on the network. R-Scope offers network analysis at scale, using patented technologies designed and developed by leading experts on high-performance networking. \r\n<i>Advanced Sensor Management </i>\r\nR-Scope is architected for professional enterprise management. Bringing a fresh DevOps perspective to security, R-Scope integrates with Ansible for sensor management. This approach allows security and IT teams to manage not just sensors but whole enterprises from a single pane of glass, bringing control and visibility across the organization’s entire workflow, without incurring the downside of vendor lock-in that is frequently the price of ease of management. \r\n<i>Selective Packet Capture </i>\r\nWhile full packet capture is appealing as a source of data, particularly in the case of incident response, it can be prohibitively expensive, both in terms of storage costs and also potentially in terms of process overhead. R-Scope’s Selective Packet Capture (SPC) feature allows users to decide what to capture and when, then fully automate distribution of those captured network packets to other tools or offline storage for later analysis. \r\n<i>Threat Analytics & Intel Workflow </i>\r\nR-Scope is designed for seamless integration into any organization’s security operations workflow, with analytics that can be pulled directly from Git or Intel repositories. R-Scope is equipped with an innovative on-system development sandbox that enables threat research teams to rapidly develop, test and deploy analytics/intel quickly and efficientl","shortDescription":"Network visibility for enterprise security\r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","keywords":"","description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than ","og:title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","og:description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Reservoir_Labs.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":6189,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":204,"title":"Managed Detection and Response","alias":"managed-detection-and-response","description":" MDR, which stands for Managed Detection &amp; Response, is an all-encompassing threat detection system, which arose from the need for small/medium-sized organizations who lack resources to be able to monitor their network systems in-house. It provides a cost-effective alternative to SIEM (Security Information and Event Management).\r\nEveryday, the capabilities of attackers get more sophisticated and the volume of alerts becomes overwhelming and unmanageable. In-house teams might struggle to analyze and log data, which makes it harder than ever to determine if these threats are harmful. MDR can put a stop to attacks before they even happen. MDR technology monitors your systems and detects any unusual behavior, whilst our expert team responds to the threats detected within your business.\r\nMDR offers real-time threat intelligence, and is able to analyse behaviour which can be missed by traditional endpoint security technology. MDR also provides rapid identification of known threats, which in turn minimises overall attacks. Having remote incident investigation will minimise damage to your business, and will allow you to get back to work in no time. It’s important to note that using MDR services will allow third party access to your company's data. You need to consider working with a provider who understands and respects your data policy.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Managed Detection and Response?</span>\r\nManaged Detection and Response (MDR) is a managed cybersecurity service that provides intrusion detection of malware and malicious activity in your network, and assists in rapid incident response to eliminate those threats with succinct remediation actions. MDR typically combines a technology solution with outsourced security analysts that extend your technologies and team.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Isn’t that What MSSPs or Managed SIEMs Do?</span>\r\nNo. Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) monitor network security controls and may send alerts when anomalies are identified. MSSPs typically do not investigate the anomalies to eliminate false positives, nor do they respond to real threats. This means that abnormalities in network usage are forwarded to your IT personnel who must then dig through the data to determine if there is a real threat and what to do about it.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Doesn’t My Firewall Protect My Network?</span>\r\nFirewalls and other preventive forms of cybersecurity are very important and effective at preventing basic cyberattacks. However, over the past decade, it has become clear that preventive cybersecurity technologies are not enough to secure an organization’s network. Further, they are yet another source of alerts, log messages, and events that contribute to the “alert fatigue” being universally suffered today. Recent major hacks such as the Marriot Hack of 2018, the Anthem Hack of 2015, and the Target Hack of 2013 demonstrate how easily cybercriminals can breach networks at enterprise organizations to steal millions of credit card numbers, medical records, and other forms of PII/PHI.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Endpoint_Detection_and_Response.png"},{"id":852,"title":"Network security","alias":"network-security","description":" Network security consists of the policies and practices adopted to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources. Network security involves the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network administrator. Users choose or are assigned an ID and password or other authenticating information that allows them access to information and programs within their authority. Network security covers a variety of computer networks, both public and private, that are used in everyday jobs; conducting transactions and communications among businesses, government agencies and individuals. Networks can be private, such as within a company, and others which might be open to public access. Network security is involved in organizations, enterprises, and other types of institutions. It does as its title explains: it secures the network, as well as protecting and overseeing operations being done. The most common and simple way of protecting a network resource is by assigning it a unique name and a corresponding password.\r\nNetwork security starts with authentication, commonly with a username and a password. Since this requires just one detail authenticating the user name — i.e., the password—this is sometimes termed one-factor authentication. With two-factor authentication, something the user 'has' is also used (e.g., a security token or 'dongle', an ATM card, or a mobile phone); and with three-factor authentication, something the user 'is' is also used (e.g., a fingerprint or retinal scan).\r\nOnce authenticated, a firewall enforces access policies such as what services are allowed to be accessed by the network users. Though effective to prevent unauthorized access, this component may fail to check potentially harmful content such as computer worms or Trojans being transmitted over the network. Anti-virus software or an intrusion prevention system (IPS) help detect and inhibit the action of such malware. An anomaly-based intrusion detection system may also monitor the network like wireshark traffic and may be logged for audit purposes and for later high-level analysis. Newer systems combining unsupervised machine learning with full network traffic analysis can detect active network attackers from malicious insiders or targeted external attackers that have compromised a user machine or account.\r\nCommunication between two hosts using a network may be encrypted to maintain privacy.\r\nHoneypots, essentially decoy network-accessible resources, may be deployed in a network as surveillance and early-warning tools, as the honeypots are not normally accessed for legitimate purposes. Techniques used by the attackers that attempt to compromise these decoy resources are studied during and after an attack to keep an eye on new exploitation techniques. Such analysis may be used to further tighten security of the actual network being protected by the honeypot. A honeypot can also direct an attacker's attention away from legitimate servers. A honeypot encourages attackers to spend their time and energy on the decoy server while distracting their attention from the data on the real server. Similar to a honeypot, a honeynet is a network set up with intentional vulnerabilities. Its purpose is also to invite attacks so that the attacker's methods can be studied and that information can be used to increase network security. A honeynet typically contains one or more honeypots.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Network Security?</span>\r\nNetwork security is any action an organization takes to prevent malicious use or accidental damage to the network’s private data, its users, or their devices. The goal of network security is to keep the network running and safe for all legitimate users.\r\nBecause there are so many ways that a network can be vulnerable, network security involves a broad range of practices. These include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying active devices:</span> Using software to block malicious programs from entering, or running within, the network. Blocking users from sending or receiving suspicious-looking emails. Blocking unauthorized use of the network. Also, stopping the network's users accessing websites that are known to be dangerous.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying passive devices:</span> For instance, using devices and software that report unauthorized intrusions into the network, or suspicious activity by authorized users.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Using preventative devices:</span> Devices that help identify potential security holes, so that network staff can fix them.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Ensuring users follow safe practices:</span> Even if the software and hardware are set up to be secure, the actions of users can create security holes. Network security staff is responsible for educating members of the organization about how they can stay safe from potential threats.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is Network Security Important?</span>\r\nUnless it’s properly secured, any network is vulnerable to malicious use and accidental damage. Hackers, disgruntled employees, or poor security practices within the organization can leave private data exposed, including trade secrets and customers’ private details.\r\nLosing confidential research, for example, can potentially cost an organization millions of dollars by taking away competitive advantages it paid to gain. While hackers stealing customers’ details and selling them to be used in fraud, it creates negative publicity and public mistrust of the organization.\r\nThe majority of common attacks against networks are designed to gain access to information, by spying on the communications and data of users, rather than to damage the network itself.\r\nBut attackers can do more than steal data. They may be able to damage users’ devices or manipulate systems to gain physical access to facilities. This leaves the organization’s property and members at risk of harm.\r\nCompetent network security procedures keep data secure and block vulnerable systems from outside interference. This allows the network’s users to remain safe and focus on achieving the organization’s goals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why Do I Need Formal Education to Run a Computer Network?</span>\r\nEven the initial setup of security systems can be difficult for those unfamiliar with the field. A comprehensive security system is made of many pieces, each of which needs specialized knowledge.\r\nBeyond setup, each aspect of security is constantly evolving. New technology creates new opportunities for accidental security leaks, while hackers take advantage of holes in security to do damage as soon as they find them. Whoever is in charge of the network’s security needs to be able to understand the technical news and changes as they happen, so they can implement safety strategies right away.\r\nProperly securing your network using the latest information on vulnerabilities helps minimize the risk that attacks will succeed. Security Week reported that 44% of breaches in 2014 came from exploits that were 2-4 years old.\r\nUnfortunately, many of the technical aspects of network security are beyond those who make hiring decisions. So, the best way an organization can be sure that their network security personnel are able to properly manage the threats is to hire staff with the appropriate qualifications.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Network_security.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"suppliedProducts":[{"id":6190,"logoURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Reservoir_Labs.png","logo":true,"scheme":false,"title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","vendorVerified":0,"rating":"0.00","implementationsCount":0,"suppliersCount":0,"supplierPartnersCount":0,"alias":"reservoir-labs-r-scope","companyTitle":"Reservoir Labs","companyTypes":["supplier","vendor"],"companyId":5792,"companyAlias":"reservoir-labs","description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than competing approaches at a fraction of the storage footprint and cost. R-Scope identifies threats quickly and enables rapid and thorough remediation. \r\nCore Capabilities &lt;/&gt;p\r\n<i>Form Factor </i>\r\nR-Scope is available in multiple form factors to meet a variety of enterprise deployment requirements. For traditional data centers, R-Scope is available as a 1U appliance, variably priced according to throughput requirements. Software-only offerings are available for deployments that require more flexibility. Contact Reservoir Labs for cloud deployment. All R-Scope offerings are fully hardened and supported for the most demanding business environments. Support and Services are provided in-house by qualified Reservoir Labs engineers. \r\n<i>Data Enrichment </i>\r\nR-Scope offers significant opportunity for on-box analytic deployment for data enrichment. Leveraging R-Scope’s on-system development environment, security teams can develop, test and deploy a variety of analytics to tune data output and ensure a clear and simple lens through which to evaluate network traffic. R-Scope accepts all open-source Zeek/Bro scripts; additionally Reservoir Labs offers a curated set of tested community scripts as well as custom analytics uniquely valuable to enterprise users. \r\n<i>Real-Time, Scalable Threat Detection </i>\r\nR-Scope sensors provide in-depth network traffic analysis by inspecting all bi-directional network traffic. Using it’s programmable analytic engine, R-Scope produces rich network metadata capturing protocol event detail, application services, files, and content on the network. R-Scope offers network analysis at scale, using patented technologies designed and developed by leading experts on high-performance networking. \r\n<i>Advanced Sensor Management </i>\r\nR-Scope is architected for professional enterprise management. Bringing a fresh DevOps perspective to security, R-Scope integrates with Ansible for sensor management. This approach allows security and IT teams to manage not just sensors but whole enterprises from a single pane of glass, bringing control and visibility across the organization’s entire workflow, without incurring the downside of vendor lock-in that is frequently the price of ease of management. \r\n<i>Selective Packet Capture </i>\r\nWhile full packet capture is appealing as a source of data, particularly in the case of incident response, it can be prohibitively expensive, both in terms of storage costs and also potentially in terms of process overhead. R-Scope’s Selective Packet Capture (SPC) feature allows users to decide what to capture and when, then fully automate distribution of those captured network packets to other tools or offline storage for later analysis. \r\n<i>Threat Analytics & Intel Workflow </i>\r\nR-Scope is designed for seamless integration into any organization’s security operations workflow, with analytics that can be pulled directly from Git or Intel repositories. R-Scope is equipped with an innovative on-system development sandbox that enables threat research teams to rapidly develop, test and deploy analytics/intel quickly and efficientl","shortDescription":"Network visibility for enterprise security\r\n","type":null,"isRoiCalculatorAvaliable":false,"isConfiguratorAvaliable":false,"bonus":100,"usingCount":0,"sellingCount":0,"discontinued":0,"rebateForPoc":0,"rebate":0,"seo":{"title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","keywords":"","description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than ","og:title":"Reservoir Labs R-Scope","og:description":"R-Scope is a powerful network security sensor for threat hunting and threat detection. Providing network activity in context gives the clearest view of genuine threats, faster. Incident Responders benefit from R-Scope’s balanced output that is 100x richer than ","og:image":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Reservoir_Labs.png"},"eventUrl":"","translationId":6189,"dealDetails":null,"roi":null,"price":null,"bonusForReference":null,"templateData":[],"testingArea":"","categories":[{"id":204,"title":"Managed Detection and Response","alias":"managed-detection-and-response","description":" MDR, which stands for Managed Detection &amp; Response, is an all-encompassing threat detection system, which arose from the need for small/medium-sized organizations who lack resources to be able to monitor their network systems in-house. It provides a cost-effective alternative to SIEM (Security Information and Event Management).\r\nEveryday, the capabilities of attackers get more sophisticated and the volume of alerts becomes overwhelming and unmanageable. In-house teams might struggle to analyze and log data, which makes it harder than ever to determine if these threats are harmful. MDR can put a stop to attacks before they even happen. MDR technology monitors your systems and detects any unusual behavior, whilst our expert team responds to the threats detected within your business.\r\nMDR offers real-time threat intelligence, and is able to analyse behaviour which can be missed by traditional endpoint security technology. MDR also provides rapid identification of known threats, which in turn minimises overall attacks. Having remote incident investigation will minimise damage to your business, and will allow you to get back to work in no time. It’s important to note that using MDR services will allow third party access to your company's data. You need to consider working with a provider who understands and respects your data policy.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Managed Detection and Response?</span>\r\nManaged Detection and Response (MDR) is a managed cybersecurity service that provides intrusion detection of malware and malicious activity in your network, and assists in rapid incident response to eliminate those threats with succinct remediation actions. MDR typically combines a technology solution with outsourced security analysts that extend your technologies and team.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Isn’t that What MSSPs or Managed SIEMs Do?</span>\r\nNo. Managed Security Service Providers (MSSPs) monitor network security controls and may send alerts when anomalies are identified. MSSPs typically do not investigate the anomalies to eliminate false positives, nor do they respond to real threats. This means that abnormalities in network usage are forwarded to your IT personnel who must then dig through the data to determine if there is a real threat and what to do about it.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Doesn’t My Firewall Protect My Network?</span>\r\nFirewalls and other preventive forms of cybersecurity are very important and effective at preventing basic cyberattacks. However, over the past decade, it has become clear that preventive cybersecurity technologies are not enough to secure an organization’s network. Further, they are yet another source of alerts, log messages, and events that contribute to the “alert fatigue” being universally suffered today. Recent major hacks such as the Marriot Hack of 2018, the Anthem Hack of 2015, and the Target Hack of 2013 demonstrate how easily cybercriminals can breach networks at enterprise organizations to steal millions of credit card numbers, medical records, and other forms of PII/PHI.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Endpoint_Detection_and_Response.png"},{"id":852,"title":"Network security","alias":"network-security","description":" Network security consists of the policies and practices adopted to prevent and monitor unauthorized access, misuse, modification, or denial of a computer network and network-accessible resources. Network security involves the authorization of access to data in a network, which is controlled by the network administrator. Users choose or are assigned an ID and password or other authenticating information that allows them access to information and programs within their authority. Network security covers a variety of computer networks, both public and private, that are used in everyday jobs; conducting transactions and communications among businesses, government agencies and individuals. Networks can be private, such as within a company, and others which might be open to public access. Network security is involved in organizations, enterprises, and other types of institutions. It does as its title explains: it secures the network, as well as protecting and overseeing operations being done. The most common and simple way of protecting a network resource is by assigning it a unique name and a corresponding password.\r\nNetwork security starts with authentication, commonly with a username and a password. Since this requires just one detail authenticating the user name — i.e., the password—this is sometimes termed one-factor authentication. With two-factor authentication, something the user 'has' is also used (e.g., a security token or 'dongle', an ATM card, or a mobile phone); and with three-factor authentication, something the user 'is' is also used (e.g., a fingerprint or retinal scan).\r\nOnce authenticated, a firewall enforces access policies such as what services are allowed to be accessed by the network users. Though effective to prevent unauthorized access, this component may fail to check potentially harmful content such as computer worms or Trojans being transmitted over the network. Anti-virus software or an intrusion prevention system (IPS) help detect and inhibit the action of such malware. An anomaly-based intrusion detection system may also monitor the network like wireshark traffic and may be logged for audit purposes and for later high-level analysis. Newer systems combining unsupervised machine learning with full network traffic analysis can detect active network attackers from malicious insiders or targeted external attackers that have compromised a user machine or account.\r\nCommunication between two hosts using a network may be encrypted to maintain privacy.\r\nHoneypots, essentially decoy network-accessible resources, may be deployed in a network as surveillance and early-warning tools, as the honeypots are not normally accessed for legitimate purposes. Techniques used by the attackers that attempt to compromise these decoy resources are studied during and after an attack to keep an eye on new exploitation techniques. Such analysis may be used to further tighten security of the actual network being protected by the honeypot. A honeypot can also direct an attacker's attention away from legitimate servers. A honeypot encourages attackers to spend their time and energy on the decoy server while distracting their attention from the data on the real server. Similar to a honeypot, a honeynet is a network set up with intentional vulnerabilities. Its purpose is also to invite attacks so that the attacker's methods can be studied and that information can be used to increase network security. A honeynet typically contains one or more honeypots.","materialsDescription":" <span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">What is Network Security?</span>\r\nNetwork security is any action an organization takes to prevent malicious use or accidental damage to the network’s private data, its users, or their devices. The goal of network security is to keep the network running and safe for all legitimate users.\r\nBecause there are so many ways that a network can be vulnerable, network security involves a broad range of practices. These include:\r\n<ul><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying active devices:</span> Using software to block malicious programs from entering, or running within, the network. Blocking users from sending or receiving suspicious-looking emails. Blocking unauthorized use of the network. Also, stopping the network's users accessing websites that are known to be dangerous.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Deploying passive devices:</span> For instance, using devices and software that report unauthorized intrusions into the network, or suspicious activity by authorized users.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Using preventative devices:</span> Devices that help identify potential security holes, so that network staff can fix them.</li><li><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Ensuring users follow safe practices:</span> Even if the software and hardware are set up to be secure, the actions of users can create security holes. Network security staff is responsible for educating members of the organization about how they can stay safe from potential threats.</li></ul>\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why is Network Security Important?</span>\r\nUnless it’s properly secured, any network is vulnerable to malicious use and accidental damage. Hackers, disgruntled employees, or poor security practices within the organization can leave private data exposed, including trade secrets and customers’ private details.\r\nLosing confidential research, for example, can potentially cost an organization millions of dollars by taking away competitive advantages it paid to gain. While hackers stealing customers’ details and selling them to be used in fraud, it creates negative publicity and public mistrust of the organization.\r\nThe majority of common attacks against networks are designed to gain access to information, by spying on the communications and data of users, rather than to damage the network itself.\r\nBut attackers can do more than steal data. They may be able to damage users’ devices or manipulate systems to gain physical access to facilities. This leaves the organization’s property and members at risk of harm.\r\nCompetent network security procedures keep data secure and block vulnerable systems from outside interference. This allows the network’s users to remain safe and focus on achieving the organization’s goals.\r\n<span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Why Do I Need Formal Education to Run a Computer Network?</span>\r\nEven the initial setup of security systems can be difficult for those unfamiliar with the field. A comprehensive security system is made of many pieces, each of which needs specialized knowledge.\r\nBeyond setup, each aspect of security is constantly evolving. New technology creates new opportunities for accidental security leaks, while hackers take advantage of holes in security to do damage as soon as they find them. Whoever is in charge of the network’s security needs to be able to understand the technical news and changes as they happen, so they can implement safety strategies right away.\r\nProperly securing your network using the latest information on vulnerabilities helps minimize the risk that attacks will succeed. Security Week reported that 44% of breaches in 2014 came from exploits that were 2-4 years old.\r\nUnfortunately, many of the technical aspects of network security are beyond those who make hiring decisions. So, the best way an organization can be sure that their network security personnel are able to properly manage the threats is to hire staff with the appropriate qualifications.","iconURL":"https://old.roi4cio.com/fileadmin/user_upload/icon_Network_security.png"}],"characteristics":[],"concurentProducts":[],"jobRoles":[],"organizationalFeatures":[],"complementaryCategories":[],"solutions":[],"materials":[],"useCases":[],"best_practices":[],"values":[],"implementations":[]}],"partnershipProgramme":null}},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"implementations":{"implementationsByAlias":{},"aliases":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"agreements":{"agreementById":{},"ids":{},"links":{},"meta":{},"loading":false,"error":null},"comparison":{"loading":false,"error":false,"templatesById":{},"comparisonByTemplateId":{},"products":[],"selectedTemplateId":null},"presentation":{"type":null,"company":{},"products":[],"partners":[],"formData":{},"dataLoading":false,"dataError":false,"loading":false,"error":false},"catalogsGlobal":{"subMenuItemTitle":""}}